iPG 12640 E8 C.2 ROBA .i#*l r Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2007 with funding from IVIicrosoft Corporation http://www.archive.org/details/essentialrussianOOanpiuoft B. G. ANPILOGOVA, E. Y. VLADIMIRSKY, V. I. ZIMIN, E. Y. SOSENKO ESSENTIAL RUSSIAN-ENGLISH DICTIONARY PROGRESS PUBLISHERS Moscow PyCCKO-AHrJlHflCKHft JIEKCHHECKHfl MHHHMVM ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS BY V. KOROTKY EDITED BY R. DIXON COVER DESIGNED BY B. TRIFONOV Ot"^ vS^^ FOREWORD This book is intended for students studying Russian with or without a teacher (in study groups, at courses, etc.] outside Russian linguistic milieu. It is a dictionary, i.e., besides lists oi the commonest Russian words (vo- cabulary) with English translations, it gives grammatical characteristics of the words and illustrative material, explaining not only the meanings of the words but their uses as well. The illustrative material consists of phrases and sentences showing the meanings of the words, and brief contexts, which are traditional, ordinary, semantically stable or, in any case, very commonly used, e.g. jiioSobf, k p6- flHHe love for one*s country, c^^eJiaxB BLiBo;t to draw a conclusion, coBepmiixb no- ciynoK to perform an action, KaK Bac 30ByT? What is your name?, Mbi onosfla- JiH K na^ajiy cneKTaKJiH We were late for the performance, etc. A number of words are followed by the sign <>, after which phrases, proverbs or figurative expressions containing these words are given, e.g. JIlct KaK H3 Be^pa It is raining cats and dogs, Bcero xoporaero All the best, Vm xopomo, a ABa jiynrae Two heads are better than one, etc. The vocabulary comprises some 3,000 of the commonest Russian words. At the end of the Dictionary, thematic word lists are supplied, which widen the scope of the vocabulary. It is hoped that the study of the lexico-grammatical material of the Dic- tionary will provide the necessary foundation for conversation on various everyday subjects and reading of modern Russian fiction and periodicals without consulting a Russian-English dictionary too often. Every article in this Dictionary includes the word under consideration in its initial form and defines it grammatically (either stating what part of speech it is or giving its forms). If a word has several meanings, only the commonest of these are given, each under a separate figure. Homonyms are entered as separate words marked 1, 2, 3, etc. Derivatives are not generally given in the same article as their root words but as caption words, since the Dictionary is based on an exact word count. The part of speech is indicated only in the case of adverbs, numerals, pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions and particles. Nouns, verbs and adjectives have no such labels, as their grammatical characteristics given in the article define them clearly enough. Nouns are entered in the nominative singular, their gender and the pecu- liarities in the formation of the case forms, if any, are indicated. In the case of an unstable vowel, the genitive singular (e.g. KOB\en, gen. -ua,end) or genitive plural (e.g. naji|Ka, gen. pi. -ok, stick; okho, gen. pi. okoh, window) is supplied. The paradigms of nouns declined irregularly are given in full. Indeclinable nouns are marked indecl. All those forms of nouns in which there is a stress shift are given, e.g. Bo^a, ace. BoAy, water; ctojt, gen. ctoji^, pi. ciojiti, table; etc. Adjectives are entered in the masculine; the feminine, neuter and plural endings following the initial form. The comparative is given only if there are 1* irregularities in its formation (interchange of sounds, suppletion). Short form adjectives are given in the same article as the long form ones. Personal pronouns are followed by their declension paradigms. Possessive and demonstrative pronouns are given in the masculine singular, followed by the feminine, neuter and plural forms. Verbs are entered in the infinitive, followed by the 1st and 2nd persons singular and the 3rd person plural. Cases where a verb form is not used are specially marked, e.g. npoaoJi>KaTbCH to continue, 1st & 2nd pers. not used; no- 6eAiiTb to win, 1st pers. sing, not used, etc. The peculiarities in the formation of the past and the imperative are given. The past is supplied only if it is formed irregularly or if its formation is accompanied by a shift of stress (BesTii to carry — sea, Besjia; bbhtb to take — bbhji, BSflJia). Irregular formations of the imperative are also supplied, e.g. 6HTb to beat — Sen. Aspects of verbs are given in the following manner. In the case of perfec- tive verbs only the infinitive is given, with reference to the imperfective for meaning. Articles containing imperfective forms also include the perfective forms and illustrative examples explaining both forms. After the imperfective forms questions are aupplied helping to determine the government of the verb under consideration and of its perfective counter- part in each of their meanings. If a verb has a different government in one of its meanings, the questions are given for that particular meaning. When a verb is used only in one aspect in one of its meanings, this is always indicated, as well as the cases where the verb has one perfective coun- terpart in one meaning and a different one in another. Questions helping to determine the government of a word are also given after certain nouns, adverbs and adjectives. Assuming that the student will work at the Dictionary simultaneously with studying grammar, forms different from their initial forms are not entered as separate words, e.g. meji (from h^th to go), Bwme (from blicokhh high), MHC (from H /), etc. All such forms can be found in the articles on the ini- tial forms. Exceptions are suppletive forms which are beginning to be used as independent words with a specific meaning (e.g. jiioah people, jiynme better, etc.). In such cases the suppletive forms are entered with reference to their principal forms. Participles and verbal adverbs are not entered at all. In the Supplement, the words are grouped thematically. In the section Names of Nationalities, the head words are the nouns de- noting nationality in the masculine and feminine singular and in the plural. These are followed by the names of the countries and the corresponding adjec- tives, e.g. ^^auny 3 Frenchman, (^paunymeuKa Frenchwoman; ^paLRU,y3hi the French, (DpanuHH France; (J)paHqy3CKHii French. Forms which have not yet become quite stable are not given. Stress is indicated throughout the Dictionary. The primary stress is marked ['], the secondary [']. All the words without independent stress should be merged in pronunciation with the principal word, as xaK me, na ctoji, hc 6 bin, He cxaji, etc. In some cases the pronunciation is given in square brackets. The Compilers THE RUSSUN ALPHABET A a B 6 B B r r E e E e m JK 3 3 H H H ii K K JI ji M M H H 0 o n n Pp C c T T y y (D(|. X X nn ^ q m m m m ^ hi H b 9 9 10 K) fl fl ABBREVIATIONS ace, accusative adj., adjective adv., adverb ant., antonym colloq., colloquial comp., comparative conj., conjunction dot., dative /., feminine fig., figurative fut., future gen., genitive i/np., imperfective iniper., imperative iinpers., impersonal indecl., indeclinable inf., infinitive instr., instrumental lit., literal m., masculine n., noun neut., neuter num., numeral p., perfective paren., parenthetic pj^rt., participle pers., person philos., philosophy pi., plural poss., possessive pred., predicate predic, predicative prep., preposition prepos., prepositional pron., pronoun q. v., which see sing., singular superl., superlative usu., usually A, a A conj. and H ynycL b ynnBepcHTeTe, a hg b hh- CTHTyxe. / study at a university, and not at an institute. Mm Hsy^aeM pyCCKHH fl3LIK, a OHH aHrJinHCKHH, We study Russian and they, English. ABryCT m., no pi. August CeroAHfl AecHToe aBrycTa. Today is the tenth of August. H npiiexan b aBrycie. / came in August. H npn- exa.i AecHToro aBrycia. / came on the tenth of August. ABTOBYC m. bus Exaxb Ha asToSyce. To go by bus. B aBT66yce mhofo napofly. There are many people in the bus. ABTOMAT m. automatic machine Tejie(|)6H-aBT0MaT. Public telephone. CTanoK-aBTOMax. Automatic machine- tool. ABTOMOBflJIb m. motor-car Exaxb Ha aBXOMo6HJie. To go by car. ABTOP m. author Abxoj) KHHrn. The author of a book. ABTOPyMIKA /., gen. pi. -eK foun- tain-pen IlHcaxfc aBTopy^KOH. To write with a fountain-pen. ArPECCflBHIblfl, -aa, -oe, -tie aggres- sive ArpeccHBHaH nojiiixHKa. An aggres- sive policy. AFPOHOM m. agronomist PaSoxaxb arpOHOMOM. To work as an agronomist. AJ^PEC m., pi. -a address J[ame mhg sam ^Apec. Give me your address. Ilocjiaxb nmchud no a^pe- cy. To send a letter to an address. AKA^EMHH /. academy AKa;^6MHH nayK. The Academy of Sciences. GejibCKOXosHucxBeHHafl aKa;teMHfl. The Agricultural Academy. yqHXbCfl B aKa^eMiiH. To study at an academy. AKKYPATHIblfl, -aa, -oe, -He, short form aKKypaxen, aKKypaxH|a, -o, -m; adv. aKKypaxHo painstaking, punctual AKKypaxHMH cxyA^HT. A painstak- ing, punctual student. IlHcaxb aK- KypaxHO. To write carefully. AHAJIH3 m. analysis AnajiHS H CHHxea. Analysis and synthesis. AnajiHa MejKAynapoflHoro noJiOJKeHHH. An analysis of the in- ternational situation. <> AnajiHS KpoBH. Blood test. AHPflHA /., no pi. tonsillitis y MeHfi anrHHa. / have tonsillitis. Bojiexb anrHHOH. To be ill with tonsillitis. AIIEJIBCflH m. orange BKycHbiH anejibCHH. A tasty orange. KnjiorpaMM anejibCHHOB. A kilo- gramme of oranges. AnJIOAflPIOBATb, -yio, -yemb, -yiox imp. KOMy? He My? to applaud AnjiOAHpoBaxb apxiicxy. To applaud an actor. AnilETflT m. appetite XopomHH annexHX. A good appe- tite. IIpHHXHoro annexHxal / wish you a good appetite! AIIPEJIB m., no pi. April CeroAHfl nepBoe anpeJifl. Today is the first of April. Oh npncAex e anpeJie. He will come in April. ^BaAuaxb xpexbero anpenfl mh ea- jlHjiH Ha 3KCKypcHH). We went on an excursion on the twenty-third of April. AHTEKA /. chemist's fleJKypnaH anxena. Duty chemist's. HoKynaxb JieKapcxBa b anxeKe. To buy medicine at a chemist's shop. APB]$^3 m. water-melon Cn^JibiH ap6y3. A ripe water-melon. APE BE3 APECTIOBATb, -yio, -yemi.. -yioT imp. & p. Koro? to arrest ApecTOBaib npeCTynnHKa. To arrest a criminal. APMHH /. army CnJibHafl apMHH. A strong army. APTflCT m. actor ApTHCT KHHO. A cinema actor. Ha- poAHMH apTHCT GCGP. A People's Artist of the USSR. APXHTEKTOP m. architect TjiaBHWH apxHTCKTop. The chief architect. IIpoeKT apxHxeKTopa. The architect's project. ACOHPAHT m. post-graduate student AcnnpaHT Ka(J)eApH MaxeMaTHKH. A post-graduate of the Mathematics Chair. Atom m. atom Atom BOHopoAa. A hydrogen atom. ATOMH|blfl, -afl, -oe, -He atomic AxoMHaa aneprHH. Atomic energy. AxoMHafl 8JieKTpocTaHD;Hfl. An atom- ic power-station. Atomhhh Jie^o- KOJi. An atomic ice-breaker. Atom- Hafl 66m 6a. An atomic bomb. AYAHTOPHfl /. 1. lecture-room. IlHTafl ay^HTopHH. Lecture-room No. 5. Mm sann- MacMCfl B TpeTfceu ayAHTopHH. We have our lessons in Room Three. 2. audience. BHHMaTejiLnafl ay^H- TopHH. An attentive audience. ABPO^POM m. aerodrome Ha aapoflpoMC. At the aerodrome. Exaxfc Ha aapoApoM. To drive to the aerodrome. A3POnOPT m., prepos. b aaponopxy airport BcxpeHaxb ^ejieraqHio b aaponopxy. To meet a delegation at the airport. B, 6 BAfiynilKA /., gen. pi. -eK grand- mother BA3A /. 1. basis. 9K0H0MHHecKafl 6a3a. An economic basis. 2. base. BoeHHaa 6a3a. A military base. BAJI m., prepos. ua 6ajiy & o daJie; pi. -M ball Ohh nosHaKOMHJiHCB Ha 6ajiy. They met at a ball. BAJIET m. ballet HoBHH 6aJieT. A new ballet. Cmo- xpexb 6ajiex. To see a ballet. IIohxh Ha 6a;iex. To go to a ballet. BAJIKOH m. balcony BbiiixH Ha 6ajiK6H. To come (go) out on to the balcony. BAHK m. bank TocyAapcxBeHHUH 6aHK. The State Bank. Hai^iioHajiBHUH 6aHK. The National Bank. BAHIKA /., gen. pi. -ok jar GxeKJiHHHafl 6aHKa. A glass jar. BAHH /. bath-house BACKETBOJI m., no pi. basket-ball IlrpaxB B 6acKex66ji. To play bas- ket-bfll . BACCEHH m. 1. swimming-pool. HjiaBaxb b 6ac- cefme. To swim in a swimming- pool. 2. basin. KaMeHHoyroJibHLiw 6ac- ceHH. A coal basin. BAnilHH /., gen. pi. -en tower BbicoKaH 6amHfl. A high tower. KpeMJieBCKne 6amHH. The Kremlin towers. BEFAITb, -10, -emb, -lox imp. to run JleTii 6eraiox b ca^y. The children are^ running about in the garden. EEJIA /., pi. 6eAH misfortune, trouble JXpyr noMor MHe b 6eAe. My friend helped me in my need. BE^HIblH, -aa, -oe, -Lie, short form 6eAeH, 6eAHa, 6eAH|o, -h; adv. 6eAH0 1. poor. BeAHaa cxpana. A poor country. Oh 6eji 6eAH0 OAex. He was poorly dressed. 2. fig. poor, y aero 6eAHoe boo6- paJKeHHC. He has a poor imagi- nation. 3. fig., only complete form poor. BeAHaa meHmiinal Ona noxepajia Cbiaa. The poor woman! She has lost her son. BE^ATB, 6ery, 6eH«Hmb, 6eryx imp. 1. to run. CnopxcMCH 6e?KHx 6bi ex- po. The sportsman runs quickly. 2. fig. to fly. BpeMH 6ejKiix. Time flies. BE3 prep. -\- gen. without Han 6e3 caxapa. Tea without sugar. XoAHXb 6e3 manKH. To go without a cap. BE3 BHJI <> Be3 nflTH MHHyT BOceMb. Five minutes to eight. Hex j^uMa 6e3 orHfl (proverb). There is no smoke without a fire. BE3PAB0TH|blfl m., gen. -oro unem- ployed person Oh 6e3pa6oTHHH. He is unemployed. BEJIIMB, -aH, -oe, -ue white BeJiaH CKaxepTb. A white table-cloth. <> Bejibiii xjie5. White bread. BEJIbE neut., no pi. underwear; linen HafleTb qiicToe 6ejiLe. To put on clean underwear. OT^axb 6ejibe b CTHpKy. To give out one's washing. IIocTeJibHoe 6ejibe. Bed-linen. BEPEF m., prepos. o Gepere & na 6e- pery; pi. -a bank, shore Beper peKii. The bank of the river. Beper oaepa. The shore of the lake. OxAMxaxb na 6epery MopH. To rest at the sea'side. BEPEHB, 6epery, 6epe}KemL, 6eperyx, past 6eper, 6eperji|a, -6, -h imp. K 0 r 6? H X o? to take care (of) Beperwxe SAopoBbe. Take care of your health. Bepe^b ^exen. To take care of the children. Bepe^b BpeMH. To make the most of one's time. BECEJ^A /. conversation /lIpyH^ecKafl Secefla. A friendly con- versation. Becxii 6eceAy. To carry on a conversation. BECEJi;iOBATB, -yio, -yemb, -yiox imp. C KeM? 0 KOM? 0 HCM?//?. DO- GecefllOBaxb, -yio, -yemb, -yiox to talk H 6eceAyK) c xoBapnmeM o hoboh KHHre. / am talking about a new book with my friend. BECKOHEHHIblfl, -aH, oe, -Me, short form 6ecK0HeHeH, 6ecK0HeHH|a, -o, -M 1. endless. BecKOHe^naH paBHHHa. An endless plain. 2. endless. BecKOHe^HbiH cnop. An endless argument. 3. infinite. Mnp SecKOHeneH. The world is infinite. BECnAPTflflHlblfl m., gen. -oro non- party Oh 6ecnapxHHHHH. He belongs to no party. BECnJIATHIblfl, -an, -oe, -He; adv. 6ecnjiaTH0 free, gratis BecHJiaxHoe o6yHeHHe. Free educa- tion. BecnjiaxHoe MeAHi^HHCKoe o5- CJiyjKHBaHiie. Free medical service. OxflMxaxb 6ecnjiaxH0 b canaxopuH. To have free lodgings and board in a sanatorium. BECnOKOlHTbCH, -locb, -nmbCH, -axcfl imp. 0 KOM? o HeM? 1. to worry, to be anxious. Becno- KOHXbCfl o AexHX. To worry about the children. BecnoKoiixbCH o SflopoBbe. To be concerned with one's health. 2. to bother. He 6ecnoK6fixecb, h caM 3X0 cp^enaio. Don't bother, I'll do it myself. BECnOKOnHlblfl, -an, -oe, -tie; adv. Seen OKo MHO 1. restless. BecnoKOHHafl H«i3Hb. A restless life. 2. restless. BecnoKOHHBiH qejiOBeK. A restless person. 3. fig. agitated. BecnoKOHHoe Mope. A choppy sea. BECnOJIE3HlbIH, -an, -oe, -tie, short form 6ecnojre3eH, Secnojieanla, -o, -bi; adv. 6ecnojie3HO useless Becnojie3Hoe aauHXHe. A useless occupation. BECnOMOmHlbin, -an, -oe, -we, short form 6ecn6MOm,eH, 6ecn6MomH|a, -o, -h; adv. GecnoMomHO helpless BecnoMomHuii peGenoK. A helpless child . BECnOPHAlOK m., gen. -Ka disorder BecnopHAOK b KOMnaxe. Disorder in the room. BHBJIHOTEKA /. library HaynnaH 6H6JiHoxeKa. A scientific literature library. IlySjiHHHafl 6n6- JiHOxeKa. A public library. Bpaxb KHiirH b 6H6jTHOxeKe. To borrow books from a library. BHJIET m. 1. ticket. Bnjiex b xeaxp, b khho. Ha KOHuepx; na noean, na napo- xofl, Ha caMOJiex. A ticket for the theatre, for the cinema, for a con- cert; for a train, for a ship, for a plane. 2. card. IlapxHHHEiH 6HJiex. A party membership card. HpHrJiacMxeJib- HLiH 6HJiex. An invitation card. Gxyj];eHHecKHH 6HJiex. A stu- dent's card. 3. 3K3aMeHan;H6HHbiH 6hji6x. A BHO 10 BOJI question-paper (for oral examina- tions) . BHOrPAOHH /. biography PaccKaaaxb 6Horpd$iiio. To tell one's biography. BHTb, 6b|K), -eniL, -H)t; imper. 6eH imp, 1. Koro? ^eM? noHGMy? to beat. Oh 6hji co6aKy nanKOH no CDHHe. He heat the dog on the hack with a stick. 2. HTO? qeM? p. paaoiiTL, pa- 3o6blK), -emt, -TOT to break. Pa36HTb CTGKJIO KaMHGM. To hreak a pane with a stone. Paa- 6HTb cxaKan. To break a glass. 3. Koro? p. paaCi'iTb to defeat. PaaSHTb Bpara. To defeat the enemy. A. p. npo6iiTb, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. npo6b|eT, -k)T to strike. Bbiox nacbi kpbmjigb- CKOH 6amHH. The clock of the Kremlin tower is striking. BflTBCH, 6b|K)Cb, -erabCfl, -iotch imp. 1. to beat. GepAi^e Swjiocb. The heart was beating. 2. to struggle. Oh aojifo 6viJiCfl na^ peraeHHeM saAa'in. He wrestled with the problem for a long time. BJIArO^APlflTb, -K), -limb, -ht imp. Koro? HTO? 3a ht6?//>. no6jia- rojtaplHTb, -10, -Hmb, -ht to thank BjiaroflapK) sac aa BHHMaHHe. (/) thank you for your attention. BJIArOJ^APH prep. + dat. thanks to, owing to Bjiaro^apH ynopnoMy Tpy^y ohh BwpacTHJiH SoraxLiH ypo?KaH. Thanks to persistent work they've grown a rich crop. BJIE^HElTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. /p. noSjieflHelxb, -lo, -emb, -lox to turn pale no6jieflHeTb ox cxpaxa. To blanch with terror. BJI^J\H\hlVL, -an, -oe, -bie, short form 6jieAeH, 6JIe;^Hd, 6ji^ah|o, -h; adv. SjieflHO 1. pale. Bji^AHoe jihi^o. A pale face. BjieflHUH ox BOJiHeHHH. Pale with excitement. 2. fig. colourless. Bji^ahmh otb^t. A colourless answer. BJIE|CTETB, -niy, -CTHmb, -cxiix or -my, 6jien;emb, 6ji6n;yT, 1st & 2nd pers. rarely used, imp. to shine, to sparkle Gner Sjigctht he cdJiniie. The snow is sparkling in the sun. Fjiaaa y nee 6jiecTHX ox paflocxH. Her eyes are sparkling with joy. BJIECT}^I^|Hfl, -aH, -ee, -ne 1. shining. BjiecxamHH npeAM^x. A shining object. 2. fig. brilliant. BjiecTflmne ycn6- XH. Brilliant success. Bjiecxfln^HH oxBex. A splendid answer. BJIfi3K|H0, -an, -oe, -He, short form 6JIH30K, 6jiH3Ka, 6jih3k|o, -h; adv. 6jiu3ko; comp. SjiHjKe 1. near. B;iH3KaH agp^bhh. A near village. Jlec h pen^ 6jih3KO. The river and the forest are close by. R jKHBy 6jiii3K0 ox yHHBepcHxe- xa. / live near the university. 2. figf close. BJIH3KHH flpyr. A close friend. BJIIOAO neut. 1. dish. Oap$6poBoe 6jik)ao. A porcelain dish. 2. course. IlepBoe 6jik)A0. The first course. OSeA hb xpex 6jik)a. A three-course dinner. BOr [6oxl m., gen. pi. -6b God BepHXb B 66 ra. To believe in God. BOrATCTBO neut. 1. wealth. Orp6Mnoe 6oraxcxBo. Great wealth. 2. pi. resources. IIpHpoAHHe 6or^T- cxBa. Natural resources. BOrATIblfl, -an, -oe, -He, short form 6or^T, -a, -0, -m 1. rich. BoraxuH nejioBeK. A rich person . 2. fig. rich. Boraxmn ypoHtan, yji6B. A rich harvest, catch. BOfl m., prepos. b 6ok) & o 66e; pi. 6oH, 6oeB battle norii6Hyxb b 6oi6. To die in bat- tle. Ha noJie 66h. On the battle- field. BOK m., prepos. b (na) 6oKy; pi. -A side JlejKaxb Ha 6oKy. To lie on one's side. JIoBepHyxbCH 66kom. To turn side-ways. BOJIEE adv. more B6Jiee bwcokhh. Taller. B6Jiee hh- xepeCHWH. More interesting. <> Ten 66jiee (qTo). The more so\ especially as. Bojiee hjih Menee. More or less. B0JlE3Hb /. disease, illness BOJI II BOH TflJKejiafl 6o.ie3Hb. A grave disease. BOJIEH, 6ojiLHJa, -6, -u short adj. used as predic. ill {cf. BOJIbHOfl) fl doJien. / am ill. Ona 6ojiLHa yjKe AaBHo. She has been ill for a long time. BOJIE|TBS -K), -eniL, -k)t imp. neM? to be ill BojieTB jioJiTo. To be ill for a long time. Bojiexb rpnnnoM. To be ill with the 'flu. H 6ojie;i aHniHon. / had a sore throat. BOJI|ETb^ 1st & 2nd pars, not used, 3rd pers. -tit, -ht imp. to hurt, to ache y MGHH 60JIHT Hora. My leg hurts me. y MGHH Sojinx roJiOBa . / have a headache. Y Hero 6o;ieJiH sySu. He had a toothache. Y Hee 60J111T ropjio. She has a sore throat. BOJIbHai^A /. hospital Fopo/tCKafl 6ojii>HHi^a. A city hospi- tal. Jle/KaxB B SojiBHiiue. To be in hospital. BOJIbHO 1. adv. badly. MaJiLHim Sojibho yniHScH. The boy hurt himself badly. 2. predic. impers. it hurts. Mne GoJTbHO. It hurts me. BOJIbHlOfl, -afl, -6e, -Lie 1. sick, bad, diseased. BoJibHan AeBo^Ka. A sick girl. BojibHoe cepAUe. A bad heart. 2. fig. sore. Bojibhoh Bonpoc. A sore problem. 3x0 ero 6oJibH6e Mecxo. This is his sore spot. BOJIbHlOfl m., gen. -oro; 6ojibH|afl /., gen. -OH, pi. -bie, gen. -tix sick person, patient BojibHOH jiemJTX b 6ojibHiin,e. The patient is in hospital. Bpan ocMax- pHBaex SojibHoro. The doctor is examining the patient. BOJIblHE 1. comp. 0/ SojibmoH bigger. Mock- Ba SoJibme JlennHrpaAa. Moscow is bigger than Leningrad. 2. comp. of MHoro more. Oh ana ex Sojibme, qeM a (66jibrae mchh). He knows more than I do. <> Bojibine Bcero. Most of all. 3. adv. more. BoJibme Hex BonpocoB? No more questions? fl SoJibme He Mory. / can't endure it any longer. BOJIbfflHHCTBO neut., no pi. ma- jority, most BojibmHHCXBo cxyfleHxoB sanHMaexca cnopxoM. Most students go in for sports. BOJIbiniOfl, -afl, -6e, -He, comp. 66jib- me (q. v.) 1. big, large. BojibmoH aom. A big house. Bojibmaa pena. A large river. 2. great. BojibmaapaAOcxb. A great joy. BOMBA /. bomb AxoMHaH 66M6a. An atomic bomb. BoAopoAHafl 66M6a. A hydrogen bomb. BaopBaxb 66M6y. To explode a bomb. BOPlEU; m., gen. -ua fighter Bopei^ 3a CBo66Ay- ^ fighter for freedom. Bopii,w aa Miip. Champions of peace. BOPOTbCH, 6opi6cb, 66pembCH, 66- pioxcH imp. 3 a h x 6? 3 a k 0 r 6? npoxHB Hero? npoxHB ko- to? c KeM? c HeM? to fight, to struggle BopoxbCH c BparoM. To fight the enemy. BopoxbCH c 6ojie3HHMH. To fight disease. BopoxbCH 3a Mtip. To fight for peace. BOPbBA /., no pi. 3 a hxo? 3 a Koro? npoxHB nero? npo- XHB Koro? c KeM? c ^eM? 1. fight, struggle. Bopb6a aa neaa- BHCiiMOCXb. Struggle for independ- ence. BopbCa npoxHB BparoB. The fight against the enemies, KjiaccoBafl 6opb6a. Class struggle. IIojiHXHHecKafl 6opb6a. A politi- cal struggle. 2. wrestling. KjiaccHHecKan 6opb- 6a. Greco-Roman wrestling. BoJib- Hafl 6opb6a. Free style wrestling. BOTflHlKH pi., gen. pi. -ok; sing. -OK, gen. -Ka boots KyHHxb 60XHHKH. To buy boots. BoxHHKH copoK Bxoporo pasMcpa. Size number forty-two boots. BO|)lTbCH, -KCb, -iimbcfl, -hxca imp. Koro? Hero? & + inf. to be afraid, to fear BoHXbCfl npocxyAH. To fear a chill. BoHXbCfl Mopoaa. To be afraid of the frost. BoflXbCfl 3a6oJiexb. To be afraid of falling ill. fl 6oi6cb, hxo BPA 12 Byji ono3flaK) Ha noesA. / am afraid I'll miss the train. <> BOJIKOB 60HTbC« — B JieC HB xoAHTb (proverb). Cf. Nothing ven- ture, nothing have. J^ejio Macxepa 6eHTCfl (proverb). Gf. He works best who knows his trade. BPAT m., pi. 6paTLH, 6paTteB brother CTapniHH 6paT. The elder (eldest) brother. Mnaj^miiik opax. The young- er (youngest) brother. <> PoflHoii 5paT. Brother. Jluom- poAHbiii 5paT. (First) cousin. BPATb, 6ep|y, -emb, -yx, past 6pa;i, 6pajia, 6paJi|o, -h imp. h t o? ko- to?//?. B3flTb, B03LM|y, -cniL, -yT, past BBflJI, BSflJia, BBHUJO, -H 1. to take. Oh Seper khiifh co CTOJia. He is taking the books off the table. 2. 3 a HTo? to take. Bpaxb Koro- HH6yflb 3a pyny. To take some- body by the hand. 3. to borrow. Bpaxb KHiini b 6h6- .iHOTene. To borrow books from the library. O BsfliTb ce6fl B pyKH. To pull oneself together. BsflTb cjiobo. To take the floor. BPATLCfl, 6eplycL, -enibca, -yxcfl, past 6pajiCH, 6paJi|acb, -ocb, -ncb imp. 3a Koro? 3a hto ?//?. BSflTbCH, B03bM|yCb, -euibCH, -yTCfl, past B3HJICH, B3flJl|aCb, -OCb, -HCb 1. to take hold of. Oh b3hjich sa pyHKy ,^BepH. He took hold of the handle of the door. 2. fig. to apply oneself (to). Oh ro- pflHo BSfiJica 3a paSoxy. He set about the work enthusiastically. BPHrAj}[A /. team Bparafla paSonnx. A team of workers. BPlITbCH, 6pe|K)Cb, -embCH, -ioxch imp. HeM?//). no6pHXbCfl, no6pe|- K)Cb, -enibCH, -IOXCH to shave — Bw Speexecb b napHKMaxepcKOH? — Hex, H 6p6K)Cb caM. "Z)o you shave at a barber's?" ''No, I shave myself." BPOB|B /., gen. pi. -6h eyebrow HepHHe 6p6BH. Black eyebrows. XMypnxb 6p6BH. To knit one's brows. BPO^flTB, 6poH«y, CpoAHmb, 6p6AHX imp. to roam Mbi AOJiro 6poAHJiH no jiecy. We roamed the forest for a long time. BPOCAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. / p. 6p6|cHXb, -my, -cnmb, -chx 1. Koro? Hxo? KyAa? to throw. BpocHXb pbi6y B BOAy. To throw a fish into the water, h e m? b Koro? BO Hxo? Bpociixb KaMHeM B OKHO. To throw a stone at a window. 2. -\-inf. to give up. BpocHXb Ky- pnxb. To give up smoking. <> Bpocaxb cjiOBa Ha sexep. To talk at random. BPOCAITbCH, -locb, -embCH, -ioxch imp. KyAa? na Kor6?/iP. 6p6|- CHXbCfl, -mycb, -cnmbcn, -chxch to throw oneself (on), to attack Go6afca 6p6cHJiacB na 4eji0BeKa. The dog attacked the man. BpociixbCH B MOpe. To throw oneself into the sea. BPOCHTb see BPOCATb BPOCHTbCH see BPOCATbCH BPK)KH no sing., gen. pi. 6piOK trou- sers My>KCKHe 6pK)KH. Men's trousers. ByJ^flTb, 6yjKy, 6yAHmb, 6yAHT imp. Koro? /p. pa36yARXb, pa36yH{y, pasSyAHHib, pa36yAHx to wake Pa36yAHXb xoBapiima. To wake up a friend. By^TO conj. as if Oh paccKa3biBaex xaK HHxepecHO, 6yAxo caM Bce axo BiiAeji. He has such an interesting way of telling things as though he had actually seen them himself. B'yj^yimEE neut., gen. -ero the fu- ture JlfiTU. — name 6yjs,ymee. Children are our future. B 6yAyn^eM. In the future. B^ayimHH, -afl, -ee, -ne future; next ByAymaH pa66xa. Future work. B 6yAymeM roAy. Next year. B^KBA /. letter B pyccKOM aji$aBHxe 33 6yKBbi. There are 33 letters in the Russian alphabet. ByjIlKA /., gen. pi. -ok roll CAoCnafl 6vJiKa. A bun. ByjIOHHIAH [-mn-] /., gen. -oh bakery Kyniixb xJieSa b 6yjioHHOH. To buy some bread at the baker's. BYM 13 BA3K BYMArA /. 1. no pi. paper. HiicTaa 6yMara. Clean paper. ByMara ji^zia nncb- Ma. Note-paper. 2.: ll,eHHHe SyMarn. Securities. B^PH /. storm CwjiBHaH 6ypH. A violent storm. <> Bypfl B CTEKane boaw. A storm in a teacup. ByXEPBPOjt rn. sandwich ByTep6p6A c MacjioM. Bread and butter. ByxepSpoA c BexHHHOH. A ham sandwich. ByXb'IJIlKA /., gen. pi. -ok bottle ByTWJiKa MOjiOKa. A bottle of milk. Bya)£T m. 1. sideboard. B 6y(j)eTe ctoht nam- KH H CTaKaHBi. There are cups and glasses in the sideboard. 2. buffet. Bj^er pa66TaeT c 9 ^lacoB. The buffet is open from 9 o'clock. Bbl (B) modal particle, rendered in English by the Conditional Mood and also by the compound pronouns and adverbs whoever, whatever, however, whenever, etc. I. 1. ECJIH 6w H 3HaJI, fl 6m hosbo- HHJi Te6e. Had I known, I would have called you up. 2. JlexoM H xoxeJi 6w noexaxt b JleHHHrpaA. / should like to go to Leningrad in summer. 3. nieji 6li tli cnaibl You ought to go to bed! II. 1. Kto 6li Mor 3T0 Cflejiaxb? Whoever could have done that? BblBAlTb, -10, -enib, -lox imp. 1. to go, to visit. H Hacxo 6MBaio B xeaxpe. / often go to the theatre. 2. to be, to occur. 3hm6h 6biBaiox 6ojibmHe Moposbi. There are severe frosts in winter. BKlCTPIblfl, -an, -oe, -me, short form 6bicxp, 6bicxpa, 6bicxp|o, -bi; adv. 6bicxpo quick, swift Bbicxpaa peKa. A swift river. Bbicx- po exaxb. To go quickly. BblTb, 3rd pers. sing, of Present Tense ecxb is often omitted; fut. 6yji;ly. -enib, -yx; past 6biji, 6bijia, 6bijio, 6bijiH; He 6hji (-o, -h), ne Swjia im,p. 1. there is (are). B Mockbg ecxb yuHBepcHxex. There is a univer- sity in Moscow. Panbrae a^ecb 6biJi Jiec, a xenepb ropo^. There used to be a forest here, and now there is a town. B MocKBe MHoro TeaxpoB. There are many theatres in Moscow. 2. to have. Y Mena ecxb 6pax. / have a brother. Y Riena 6bi.T 6pax. / had a brother. 3. to be (ecxb is omitted). Gennac 3HMa. It is winter now. Bnepa 6biJi CHer. There was snow yester- day. Bnepa 6bijia naxHHna, ce- rd;i;Ha cy666xa, a saBxpa 6yflex BOCKpeceHbe. Yesterday was Fri- day, today is Saturday and to- morrow will be Sunday. 4. to be (ecxb is omitted) Moii 6pax — HHHteHep. My brother is an en- gineer. MoH oxen; 6mji BpanoM. My father was a doctor, fl 6yAy arpoflOMOM. / shall be an agrono- mist. B, B B (BO) prep. I. -\- prepos. 1. in. B HHCbMeHHOM cxojie. In the desk. HVxETh b Mockbc. To live in Moscow. IIpoHHxaxb b ra- 3exe. To read in a newspaper. 2. in. Po;:^HXbCfl b 1949 ro^y. To be born in 1949. B abrycxe. In August. B nponijiOM BCKe. In the last century. 3. in. HejioBeK b nepnoM KOcxioMe. A man in a black suit. II. -j- ace. 1. in, to, at. nojio>KHXb b mna^. To put in the wardrobe. IIpHexaxb B MocKBy. To come to Moscow. 2. on, at. B cy666xy b xpn ^laca 6yflex coSpanne. There will be a meeting at three o'clock en Saturday. 3. not translated. IlepeBbinojiHHXb njian b j^Ba paaa. To fulfil a plan twofold. BAPOH m. (railway) carriage JKecxKHH Baron. A hard-seated rail- way carriage. MarKHH BaroH. A soft- seated railway carriage. BAHCH|blQ, -an, -oe, -He, short form Bamen, BaJKna, BajKHJo, -bi; adv. BaWKHO 1. important. BajKHoe coo6^^eHHe. BAH 14 BEP An important announcement (com^ munication). BawHUH Bonpoc. An important question. 9to hg Ba>KHO. This is of no importance. 2. important, pompous. Oh roBO- pHJi c Ba?KHHM BHAOM. He was speaking with an air of impor- tance. BAHHA /. bath IIpHHHTb BaHHy. To take a hath. <> C6jiHe*!Hbie BaHHbi. Sun-baths. BosAymHbie BaHHbi. Air-baths. BAPEHIblfl, -an, -oe, -ue boiled Bapenoe mhco. Boiled meat. BAPflTb, BapK), Bapnmb, BapflT imp. qTO? //). CBapnTB, CBapio, CBapnrab, ceapflT to boil, to cook BapjiTb Mflco. To boil meat. Cfia- pHTb cyn. To cook soup. Bapiixb o6eA- To cook dinner. BAIII, -a, -e, -ii pron. your BoT Baraa KOMHaTa. Here is your room. KaK Bame SAopoBbe? How are you? BBEFX adv. Ky^a? up(ward) GMOxpexb BBepx. To look up. Jle- TOTb BBepx. To fly upward. BJ^AJIll adv. rfle? in the distance Bjiajivi HOKaaaJicJi noea^. A train appeared in the distance. B/^AJlb adv. Ky^a? into the dis- tance CMOTpeTb B^ajib. To look into the distance. B^^BOEM adv. two (together) PaGoTaxb b^bocm. To work together (two persons). BJ^OJIb prep. 4- gen. along Exaxb B^ojib 6epera Mopn. To drive along the sea coast. B^OJib ^oporH pacxyx AepeBbH. There are trees along the road. B;^Py^ adv. suddenly B^pyr nomeji ^oJ^At. Suddenly it started to rain. BE^PO neut., pi. Be^pa, Be^ep, bca- paM, etc. bucket BeApo BOAH. A bucketful of water. <> ^OHKjiHBO npocHXb. To ask politely. BE3J^El adv. r a e? everywhere BesAe Jiewaji cner. There was snow everywhere. BE3|Tfl, -y, -emb, -yx, past nea, sea- Jija, -6, -li imp. Koro? ^to? KyAa? 1. to take, to carry. Mamjina Beaex MOjioKO B ropoA. The truck is carrying the milk to town. BeaxH peSeHKa b eanaxopHH. To take the child to the sanatorium. 2. imfers. ko My? to be lucky. EMy Beaex. He is lucky. Mne He Besjio. / had no luck. BEK m., pi. -a, -6b century /^BaAUaxbin BeK. The twentieth cen- tury. B npomjioM Bene. In the last century. BEJIlETb, -K), -limb, -hx imp. & p. {past only p.) k o M y? qeMy? -|- inf. to order Maxb BeJieJia CMy hohxh b MaraaHH. His mother told him to go to the shop. Ona BejieJia, hx66li oh KyniiJi Macjia. She told him to buy some butter. BEJlflK, -a', -6, -H short adj. (cf. BOJIblUOfl & BEJIflKHfl) too large KocxiOM BeJiHK ewy. The suit is too large for him. Ty^JiH ea BemiKU. The shoes are too large for her. BEJIflKlHfl, -an, -oe, -we, short form BejiHK, -a, -0, -H great BejiHKHii yHeHwii. A great scholar. BEJIOa/inEJJ, m. bicycle HoBbiH BeJiocHHeA- -4 new bicycle. Exaxb Ha BejiocnneAe. To ride a bicycle. BEPA f., no pi. B Koro? bo qxo? belief, faith Bepa B no6eAy- Belief in victory. Bepa B HeJiOBCKa. Faith in man. BEP£B|KA /., gen. pi. -ok string, rope ^jiMHHafl BepeBKa. A long piece of string. BEPIHTb, -K), -nmb, -ht imp./ p. no- BeplHXb, -K), -Hmb, -ax BEP 15 BEq 1. KOMy? HGMy? to believe. H Te6e Bepio. / believe you. 2. B K 0 r 6? BO H T 6? to have faith (in). BepnTb b Hapo;^, b erd CHJiH. To have faith in the people, in their strength. BEPHI^Tb, -y, -emt, -yT p. Koro? ^TO? KOMy? to return BepeyTij ji^eHhTU TOsapHmy. To re- turn money to one's friend. BEPHiyXBCH, -ycb, -emtcH, -yxcfl p. K y A ^? o T K y fl a? to come back BepnyTLca ;i;om6h. To come back home. BepnyTbCH H3 noesflKH. To come back from a trip. BEPH|blfl, -an, -oe, -ue, short form Bepen, Bepna, Bepno, Bepnti; adv. BepHO 1. faithful. BepHHH Apyr. A faith- ful friend. Bepno cJiy>KHTb na- poAy. To serve the people faith- fully. 2. correct. Bepnoe peraeHiie. The correct decision. Bepnan mhcjib. The right idea. Bepno pemnxb sa^a^y. To solve a problem cor- rectly. BEPOHTHO paren. word probably GerOAHH MH, BepOHTHO, nOHACM B Knno. Today we shall probably go to the cinema. BEPTOJIET m. helicopter BepTOJieT HOBOH KOnCTpyKDiHH. A helicopter of a new design. BEPXHlHfl, -Hfl, -ee. -ne 1. upper. BepxnHH aiaJK. The upper storey. 2. outdoor. Bepxnee njiaxte. Out- door clothes. BepxHflH OAe^K^a. Outdoor clothes. BEPfflflHA /. top Bepmnna ^epeBa. The top of a tree. Bepmiina ropH. The top of a moun- tain. BEC m. weight Bee Tejia. The weight of a body. BoJibmoH Bee. A great weight. BECEJIjblfl, -an, -oe, -bie, short form BecejT, Becejia, Becejilo, -u; adv. Becejio merry, gay Becejibie CTyAeBTbi. Gay students. BecejiaH neCHH. A merry song. Mne BeceJio. / feel gay. BECEHHIHfl, -Hfl, -ee, -ne spring BeceHHHH ji,eEh. A spring day. Becennee coJiniie. The spring sun. Becennee najibTo. A spring coat. BE|CHTb, -my, -cnmb, -cht imp. to weigh Apoya BecHT nnxb KHjiorpaMMOB. The water-melon weighs five kilo- grarnmes. BECHA /., pi. Becnw spring BECHOfl adv. in spring BecHoH na noJinx xaex oner. In spring the snow thaws in the fields. BECTH, BeAl.y, -erab, -yx, past bcji, BeJi|a, -6, -ri imp. 1. Koro? Hxo? Ky^a? to take. Maxb BeAex peSeuKa b AexcKHH caA. The mother is taking her child to the kindergarten. 2. Hxo? to conduct. Becxii ypoK. To conduct a lesson. <> BecTH xo3flHCTBO. To keep a house. 3. to lead. KyAa bcaSx 3xa Aopo- ra? Where does this road lead to? <> BecTH ceSn. To behave. PeSenoK BGAeT ce5H xopomo. The child behaves well. On iie yivieeT bbcth ce6n. He can't behave himself. BECb {gen. Bcero), bch {gen. Bceii), Bce {gen. Bcero), Bce {gen. Bcex) pron . 1. all, whole. Pa66xaxb Becb Aenb. To work the whole day. Pa66xaxb BCK) HO^b. To work the whole night. 2. used as n. nee everything. Bce B nopHAKe. Everything is all right. 3. used as n. ece everybody. Bce npnmJiri? Has everybody come? <> Bcero xoporaero! All the best! Bce speMH meji ji,o'Mji,h. It was raining all the time. BETIEP m., gen. -pa wind IIoAyJi CHJibHWH Bexep. A strong wind blew. Bf.TlKA /., gen. pi. -ok 1. branch. BexKa SepesLi. A branch of a birch-tree. 2. branch-line. JKeJieanoAopoiKHafl BexKa. A railway branch-line. BEHEP m., pi. -a 1. evening. IIpHHXH aomoh b ceMb HacoB Be^epa. To come home at seven o'clock in the evening. 2. evening-party. IlpaaAHHHHbiH Benep. A festive evening. BEH 16 BHH MyatmaJiBHUH Beiep. A musical evening. JlnTepaxypHUH Be^ep. A literary evening. BEHEPHlHfl, -Hfl, -ee, -ne 1. evening. BeHepHHH aapH. Eve- ning twilight. 2. evening. Beqepnee nJiaxLe. An evening dress. BeHepHHH (|)a- KyJiLTex. Evening department. BEHEFOM adv. in the evening H npHfly K BaM BenepoM. / shall come to see you in the evening. Bqe- pa Be^epoM y nac 6ujiii tocth. We had guests yesterday evening. BEinAlTb, -K), -eniL, -k)t itiip. k o- ro? HTO? Kyjs,a?/p. noBe|cHTb, -my, -CHmb, -cht to hang Bemaxb KapTHHy na cieny. To hang a picture on the wall. BEmECTBO neut. substance TBepfl;oe BemecxBo. Solid substance. TKiijiKoe Beni;ecxB6. Liquid substance. ra30o6pa3Hoe Ben^ecxBo. Gaseous substance. BEmib /., gen. pi. -eft 1. thing. Hy>KHafl Bem;i>. A thing one needs. \\Usu.pl. Beiii,ii things. OxBeaxH Bemn na BOKsaJi. To take one's things to the station. 2. thing. KoMno3Hxop nanncaji xo- pomyio BemB. The composer wrote a good piece. B3AflMH|blfl, -afl, -oe, -me mutual BaaiiMHafl jik)66bl. Mutual love. B3B0JIH0BATb see BOJIHOBATb B3rJIHA m. 1. look. IIpHCXaJIbHMH B3rJIHA. A stare. HezKHuft B3rJiflji;. -^'^ affectionate look. BpoCHXb B3rJiH^. To cast a glance. 2. view. HayHHHe bsfjihabi. Scien- tific views. BBrJIflH^Tb, BsrJiHHy, BsrJiRHemb, BsrJiHHyT p. HaKoro? na hxo? to glance Oh B3rJiHHyji na nacu. He looked at the clock. BSAOXHyTb see Ba^blXATb B3;:^bIXA|Tb,^ -K), -erab, -lox imp./ p. B3AoxH|yxb, -y, -emb, -yx to sigh TjiySoKo BSAOXHVxb. To heave a deep sigh. B30flTfl see BCXOflflTb B3P(3CJI|blfl, -afl, -oe, -bie 1. grown-up. BspocJibiH cwh. A grown-up son. 2. n, grown-up. GJiymancfl B3p6c- Jibix! Listen to grown-ups/ B3PbIB m. 1. explosion. BspbiB SomSm. A bomb explosion. 2. fig. outburst. BspwB cMexa. An outburst of laughter. B3flTb see BPATb B3HTbCH see BPATbCH BJIJI} m. 1. look. BAopoBbiH BHfl. A healthy look. BoJibHoft BH/i;. An unhealthy look. 2. view. KpacHBHH bh^ na ropofl. A beautiful view of the city. <0> HMGTb B BHAy. To bear in mind. BHJl,^ m. sort, kind, species Bfl^EH, BHflna, bhaho, bh^hm short adf. visible rdpoji BPiflen c Mopfl. The town can be seen from the sea. Bfl/^HO Koro? H X 0? predic. im- pers. (it is) visible OxcioAa flaJieKO bii;jho! You can see far into the distance from here! Hmero ne bh^ho. Nothing is visible. Mne xopomd bitaho. / can see well. BflmETb, -my, -jiiiuih, -flflx imp. Kord? Hxo?//?. yBHl;i;exb, -jKy, -ji:Hmb, -AHX to see B oKHo fl BHHty cxapbiH napK. / see an old park through the window. IIjioxo Bir;5exb, To have poor eyesight. Fajj, Bac BM^exb. / am glad to see you. <> BHACTb BCe B pOSOBOM CBCTe. To see through rose-coloured spec- tacles. Bil^HMO paren. word apparently BftflHMO, 3X0 6hji ee snaKOMbiH. It must have been her acquaintance. BlI^H|blQ, -afl, -oe, -we eminent Bh;i;hhh yqenbiH. Afi eminent scientist. BflJIlKA /., gen. pi. -ok fork JI,aHxe, noHtdJiyncxa, BWJiKy. Will you give me a fork, please? Ecxb BHJIKOH. To eat with a fork. BHH A /. fault ^ 3x0 MOH BHHa. It is my fault. 3x0 npoH3omji6 no mo6h bhuo. It has happened through my fault. BHHO neut., pi. BHHa wine KpenKoe bhho. Strong wine. Qjiap,. BHH 17 BHH Koe BHHo. Sweet wine. Cyxoe bhho. Dry wine. BHHOBATIWH, -aH, -oe, -He, short form BHHOBaT, -a, -o, -bi 1. guilty, fl BHHOBaT nepeA bsmh. / am guilty towards you. Oh hg BHHOBaT. He is not guilty. 2. fig., only complete form guilty. BHHOBaTufi BsrJiHfl. A guilty look. BuHOBaToe BbipajKenne jih- na. A guilty expression on one's face. BHHOrPA/^ m., no pi. grapes; vine CJiaAKHH BHHorpaA- Sweet grapes. BH|CETb, -ray, -ciimb, -cat imp. rfle? to hang IlaJibTo BHCi'iT Ha BeraaJiKe. The coat is hanging on a hanger. KapTa BHcr'iT Ha CTCHe. The map is hang- ing on the wall. BKJIfOHAITb. -K), -emb,^ -iot i?np. H t 0^/ p. BKJiK)H|HTb, -y, -lirab, -ax to switch on BKJiiOHHTb CBeT. To switch on the light. BKJIIOHfiTb see BKJIIOHATb BKyC m. 1. taste, y cyna CTpaHHMH BKyc. The soup tastes queer. 2. fig. taste. OaeBaTbCH co BKycoM. To dress with taste. Y Hero xoporaHH BKyc. He has good taste. BKyCHIblfl, -an, -oe. -tie, short form BKVceH, BKycna, BKycH|o, -li; adv. BKycHO tasty BKycHuii saBTpaK. A tasty break- fast. Qua roTOBHT BKycno. She cooks tasty meals. BJlAJ\E\Th, -10, -erab, -iOT imp. HeM? 1. to own. Bjiaj^eTb seMJieii. To own land. 2. fig. to know. BjiafleTb HHocTpan- HWM H3E>ik6m. To know a foreign language. BJlAH{H|blM, -an, -oe, -bie, short form Bjiawen, BJia>KHa, BJia>KH|o, -w damp BjiawHbiH KJiHMaT. A damp climate. Bjiawnan TpauKa. A damp rag. BJIACTb /. power BwTb (cTOHTb) y BJiacTH. To be in power. BsHTb BJiacTb b cboh pyKH. To take power into one's hands. ITpHHTW K BJiacTH. To come to power. BJIE3A|Tb, -K), -erab, -iot imp. na HTO? bo HTO?/ /). BJie3|Tb, -y, 2—4002 -erab, -yT, past BJiea, BjiesJila, -o, -H to climb MaJibHHK BJies Ha Kpwray. The boy climbed onto the roof. Oh BJies b okho. He climbed in through the window. BJIF3Tb see BJIE3ATb BJIHUHHE neut. influence OnasaTb BJiHHHHe na TOBapnraa. To exert influence on a friend. BbiTb Hoa BjTHHHHeM 6paTa. To be under the influence of one's brother. BJTIOBflTbCH see BJIIOBJIilTbCH BJlK)BJlH|TbCH, -K)Cb, -eiiibCH, -iotch imp. B Kord? bo ^to?//?. bjik)- 6l'lTbCH, BJIK)6jIl6cb, BJIK)6HrabCH, bjti66htch to fall in love Oh BjTK)6(ijicfl B MOK) cecTpy. He fell in love with my sister. BMECTE adv. together PaOoraTb BMecTe. To work together. BMECTO prep. -\- gen. instead of BMecTO ypoKa ceroann 6y;teT aK- CKypcHH. There will be an excur- sion instead of the lesson today. BMEinATbCH see BMEUIHBATbCH BMEUlHBAITbCH, -locb, -erabCH, -lOTCH imp. BO H T 6? / />. BMe- malTbCH, -locb, -erabCH, -iotch to interfere He BMemHBaHTecb ne b cBoe neJio. Don't interfere in what doesn't con- cern you. BHA4AJIE adv. at first, at the begin- ning ^ BnaqaJie see CJiyraajin BHHMaTejib- HO. At first everybody listened at- tentively. BHE prep. -\- gen. outside Bne AOMa. Outside the house. <> Bne 6»iepeflH. Out of turn. BHECTfl see BHOCflTb BHEmHlHW, -flfl, -ee, -ne 1, outer, outward. 2. external, foreign. BneraHHH no- jiHTHKa. Foreign policy. Bnera- HHH TOproBJTH. Foreign trade. BHH3 aofz^. k y fl a? down(ward) CnycTHTbCH BHH3. To come {go) down. BnH3y adv. r fl e? below Bhhsv TeKJia peKa. Down below flowed a river. BHHMAHHE neut. attention BHHMaHHe! Attention! 06pamaTb BHHMaHHe Ha ht6-jih6o. To pay attention to something. HpHSJieKaTb BHHMaHHe. To attract attenUon. He BHH 18 B03 oCpamaHTe BHHManHH. Don't pay attention. Bjiaro^apio Bac 3a bhh- MaHHe. Thank you for your attention. BHHMATEJIbHiblfl, -an, -oe, -ue, short form BHiiMaTejien, BHHMaTeJib- H|a, -0, -u; adv. BHHMaiejibHO atten- tive. BHHMaTejibHMii yqeHHK. An attentive pupil. BmiMaTejibHO HiiTaTt KHiiry. To read a hook attentively. BHOCflTb, BHomy, BHOcnnib, bhocht imp. Koro? h t o? KyA^?/ p. BHeclTif, -y, -eniL, -yx, past bhSc, BHecji|a, -6, -fi BHecTii Bemn b KoMHaxy. To carry the things into the room. <> BfiecTH npeAJiOHcenne. To table a motion. BHYK m. grandson BHyTPEHHIHfl, -nn, -ee, -ne 1. internal. BHyipeHHiie 6oJie3HH. Internal diseases. 2. internal. BHyTpeHnee nojio>KeHHe B CTpane. The internal situation in a country. BHVTpeHHHH noJiii- TiiKa. Internal policy. BHYTPH 1. adv. rji;e? inside. Bojiht BHyx- pii. It hurts inside. 2. prep, -f- gen. inside. Bnyxpii KOMHaxbi. Inside the room. BHYTPb inside, into 1. adv. K y A a?: IIpHHaxL jiCKapcxBO BHyxpK. To take a medicine. 2. prep. -\- gen.: SarjiHHj'xT. Bnyxps aajia. To look into the hall. BH^HlKA /., gen. pi. -en granddaugh- ter BOBPEMH adv. in time IlpHiixH BoepeMH, To come in time. BO BPEMfl prep, -j- gen. during Bo BpeMH BOHHM. During the war. Bo BpeMH nepepuBa. During the interval. BOBCE (He) adv. at all Oh BoBce He AOKXop, a HHJKenep. He is not a doctor at all, he is an engineer. BO-BTOPb'IX paren. word second(ly) Bo-nepBbix, h ycxaji, BO-BxopHX, xony cnaxt. First, I'm tired, sec- ondly, I'm sleepy. BO3A /., ace. BOfly; pi. BOAti water XojiOAHaH BOAa. Cold water. Fopn- ^an BOAa. Hot water. MnnepaAbHaa BOAa. Mineral water. OpyKxoBaH BOAa. Fruit drink. CxanaH boah. A glass of water. <0' BuuTH cyxHM H3 BOAbi. To come off unscathed. KaK abc Kanjin bo- AW. As like as two peas. Mnoro BOAbi yxeKJio. Much water has flowed under the bridges. BOJ^flTb, BOJKy, BOAHOib, boaht imp. 1 . K 0 r 6? H X o? K y A a? to take. BoAHXb Aexea na nporyjiKy b napK. To take the children out for a walk in the park. 2. Hxo? to drive, BoAUXb ManiH- HV. To drive a car. BO|EBATb, -lOK), -loemb, -loiox imp. c K e M? c H e M? to fight Boesaxb c BparoM. To fight the enemy. BOEHHI biH, -an, -oe, -bie war, military 1. BoeHHoe nojiowenne. The mili- tary situation. BoeHHaa npo- MbimjiCHHOCXb. War industry. BoeHHoe BpeMH. War time. 2. n. Moil 6pax — BoenubiH. My brother is in the army. BOaCj^lb m., gen. -h leader Bo>KAb HapoAa. The leader of the people. B03BPATflTb see B03BPAmiATb BOaBPATflTbCfl see B03BPAmATb- Cfl B03BPAmA!Tb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. KOro? HXO? KO My?/ /?. B03Bpa|- xiixb, -n;y, -xiimb, -xhx to return BosBpaxHXb AOJir xoBapHm;y. To return a debt to one's friend. B03BPAmA|TbCH, -locb, -enibCH, -loxcH imp. Kyjia?^ oxKyAa?/ p. B03Bpa|XHXbCfl, -myCb, -XHfflbCH, -xaxcH to come back BosBpantaxbCH aomoh h3 noxofla. To return home from a hike. B033;yX m. air HmcxwiS BosAyx. Pure air. CBe»CHH BOBAyx. Fresh air. <> Ha CBCHteM eoBAyxe. In the open air. B03flTb, Bowy, BoBHmb, bobax imp. Koro? ^xo? to carry MaraiiHbi Bosflx khpdhhh. Lorries carry bricks. B03JIE 1. adv. near. ManiHHa ocxanoBH- jiacb BOSJie. The motor-car stop- ped near by. 2. prep. + gen. near. Er6 AOm na- B03 19 BOP XOflHTCfl BOSJie yHHBepCHTGTa. His house is near the University. BO3M0aCHOCTI> /. 1. opportunity. IlMeTB bo3m6>k- HOCTb. To have an opportunity . ^aXB B03m6h«HOCTB K0My-JIH60 c;^eJIaTb ht6-jih6o. To give some- body an opportunity to do some- thing. 2. usu. pi. possibilities. Bojitmiie bo3m6h BojiKOB 5oflTbCH — B Jiec He xoAHTfa (proverb). Cf. Nothing ven- ture, nothing have. BOJIHA /., pU BojiHH wave BOJIHEHHE neut. excitement, ner- vousness Oh noSjieflHeJi ox BOJiHennH. He turned pale with excitement. BOJIHlOBATb, -yio, -yemb, -yiox imp. K 0 r 6? H X 0? / />. BBBOJlH|OBaxb, -yio, -yemb, -ywx to worry 3xox Bonpoc MGHa onenb BOJinyex. This question worries me very much. BOJlHlOBATbCH, -yiocb. -yerabcn, -yioxcfl imp. to worry, to be ner- vous, to be excited BojiHOBaxbca nepeA aKsaMenoM. To ^feel nervous before an examination. BOJIOCbl pi., gen. pi. eojioc, bojio- caM, etc.; sing, bojioc hair KpacHBbie BOJiocLi. Beautiful hair. BpJIfl /., no pi. will CwJibHaa bojih. A strong will. Bojia K noSefle. The will to win. BOOBIU,E adv. 1. in general. Boo6me bxo npaB;i;a. In general it is true. 2. at all. Oh BOo6me ho roBoppix no-pyccKH. He does not speak Russian at all. BOOPyHCEHHE neut. 1. no pi. equipment. BoopyjKeHne apMHH HOBHM opyjKneM. The equipment of the army with new weapons. 2. usu. pi. armaments. CoKpameHHO BOopyjKeHHH. A reduction of ar- maments. FoHKa BOOpyJKeHHH. The arms race. BO-nEPBblX paren. word first(ly), in the first place Bo-nepBwx, bxo xpyfljHo... In the first place, it's difficult... BonpOc m. 1. question. IIpocxoH Bonpoc. A simple question. 3aflaxb Bonpoc. To ask a question. 2. question, problem. BamHWH Bon- poc. Alt important question. Ha- i^HOH^jibHUH Bonpoc. The national question. BOP m., gen. pi. -6b thief ApecxoBaxb B6pa. To arrest a thief. BOP 20 Bnp BOPOTA no sing., gen. pi. BOpoT 1. gate(s). Bopoxa caAa. The gate of a garden. 2. goal, riocjiaxb mhi b Bopoia npoTMBHHKa. To send the ball into the opponent's goal. BOPOTHflK m., gen. -a collar MexoBOH BopoTHHK, A fur colUr. BOCKJIflKHiyXb see BOCKJIHUiATb BOCKJIHU;AlTb, -KD, -emb, -iot imp. I p. BOCKjiHKHlyTb, -y, -emb, -yx to exclaim, to cry out PaaocxHO BOCKJiHKHyxb. To cry out joyfully. BOCKPECfiHbE neut. Sunday B B0CKpeceHr,e mm esAiiJiH sa ropoA. We went to the country on Sunday. BOCIIHTAHHE neut. upbringing, education BocnuTaHHe pe6eHKa. The upbring- ing of a child. Oh nojiyiHji xopo- mee BocniiTaHne. He received a good education. BOCllHTATb see BOCnflTblBATb BOCnflTblBAlTb, -K), -euib, -k>x imp./ p. BOcnuralTb, -lo, -emb, -lox to bring up 1. Koro? to bring up. Bocnuxaxb CbiHa. To bring up one's son. 2. qxo? B KOM? to cultivate. Bocnuxaxb b jiernx jiioSoBb k npHpoAe. To cultivate love for nature in children. BOCnOJIb30BATbCH see nOJIbSO- BATbCfl BOCnOMHHAHHE neut. 1. recollection. BocnoMnnauHe oex- cxBa. Recollection of one's child- hood. 2. usu. pi. reminiscences, memoirs. BocnoMHuaiinH o coBpeMeuHH- Kax. Reminiscences of one's con- temporaries. BOCCTAHABJlHBAjTb, -lo, -emb, -lox imp. qxo?/ p. BOCCxa|HOBHTb, -hob- JIK), -HOBUmb, -HOBHT tO TCStorC, tO rebuild BoccxanoBHXb paapymeHHun ropoA. To rebuild a town that had been destroyed. BoccxauoBuxb xoshhcxbo. • To restore the economy. BOCCTAHHE neut. uprising, revolt IloAHflXb Boccxanne. To raise a revolt. BOCCTAHOBflTb see BOCCTAHAB- JIHBATb BOCTOK m. east 1. east. CoJiHue bocxoahx Ha bocx6- Ke. The sun rises in the east. 2. East. Bjthjkhhh Bocxok. Near East. ^ajTbunii Bocxok. Far East. CpeAHHH Bocxok. Middle East. Bm 6biJiH Ha Bocxone? i/a?.'e you been in the East? BOCTOPr m. delight, enthusiasm Oh c BOCxoproM paccKaawBaji o cbo- ea noesAKe. He was telling about his trip enthusiastically. BOCTOHHibiB, -aa, -oe, -bie east(ern) Bocxo^uhiH Bexep. An east wind. BocxoiHoe uanpaBJieHHe. An easterly direction. BOCXHTHTbCH see BOCXHU^ATbCH BOCXHmAlTbCH, -locb, -ombCH, -lox- Cn^mp. KeM? HCM?/ p. bocxh|- xiixbCH, -mycb, -XHmbCfl, -Xflxcn to admire Becb MHp BOCxumaexcH noABHroM repoeB. The whole world admires the heroes' feat. BOCXO/^ m. rising BocxoA c6JiHH,a. The sunrise. BOX particle 1. here is. Box KHiira. Here is the book. 2. what (a). Box npacoxal What beauty! Box axo xopomo! That's good! BHEPBb'IE adv. for the first time H BnepBbie b MocKBe. It is the first time I have been in Moscow. BIIEPE/^ adv. KyAa? forward Maxh BoepeA. To go forward. BHEPEAfl 1. adv. TAe? in front. BnepeAH 6bijTH ropbi. There were mountains in front. 2. prep. -\- gen. at the head of, in front of. BnepeAH kojiohhh necJiH BHaMeaa. At the head of the column they carried banners. BnEMATJlEHlfE neut. impression CnJibHoe Bne^axjieHHe. A strong impression. Mrpa apxHCxa npoHSBe- jia SoJibmoe BneqaxjieHHe na spw- Tejieii. The actor's performance made a great impression on the specta- tors. BIIPOHEM conf. though, nevertheless KapxHHa xoporaaa, Bnp6»teM bu caxfH ee yBHAHTe. The picture i9 good, though you'll see it yourself. BPA 21 BCT L BPAF m., gen. -a enemy BopoTbCH c BparaMH. To fight the enemies. BP|ATb, -y, -enib, -yT, past Bpaji, BpaJia, BpajiH imp. KOMy? hcmj'^?/ p. coBpiaib, -y, -eiuh, -yx, past coBpaji, coBpana, coBpajiH colloq. to lie. PeGcHOK coBpaJi OTu.y. The child lied to his father. BPAH m., gen. -a physician, doctor BpaH-xepaneBT. A therapeutist. TKeii- mHHa-Bpan. A lady doctor. Bbixb y Bpana. To be at the doctor's. M^th K Bpa^y. To go to the doctor. Co- BCTOBaTbCH c Bpa^oM. To consult a doctor. BPE^H|blH, -afl, -oe, -Lie, short form BpeaeH, BpeAHa, BpeAH|o, -w; adv. Bpeano harmful, bad BpeAHUH HenoBeK. A bad man. BpeAHaa Teopna. A harmful theory. BpeAHoe pacTeHiie. A noxious weed. BaM BpeAHO MHoro KypnTb. It's bad for you to smoke so much. Mop63 BpeACH A«nfl K)>KHb]X pacTemiH. Frost is dangerous for southern plants. BPEMfl neut., gen., dat., prepos. Bpe- mchh; pi. BpcMena, BpeMen, BpeMO- HaM, etc. time 1. CKO-ibKO BpeMCHH? What time is it? BpeMH HACT. Time flies. BpeMH npomjio. The time has passed. BpeMH He jkact. Time waits for no man. BpeMH noKa- meT. Time will show. 2. Be^epiiee BpeMH. Evening. ^o>ka- jiiiBoe BpeMH. Rainy period. Cxapbie BpcMena. Old times. BpeMena roAa- Seasons. <^ BceMy CBOe epeMH. There is a time for everything. Bee BpeMH. All ■ the time. Ona Bce BpeMH CMeHJiacb. She laughed all the time. Bo opeMH used as prep. ~{-gen. Bo BpeMH Boii- HH MM ?KHjiH y 6a6yraKH. During the war we lived at our granny's. BCEi pron., see BECb, 2 BCE2 particle still, ever A OH Bce MOJiHHT H MOJiqiiT. And he still keeps silent. H Bce name BcnoMHHdio TBOH cjiOBa. / recollect your words ever oftener. Oh Bce eme 6ojieeT. He is still ill. Tw Bce me npHxoflti KO MHe. You come to see me just the same. BCEPAA adv. always Oh BcerAa BecejiWH. He is always gay. BCEMflPHlblfl, an, -oe, -we world BceMkipHbin (j[)ecTHBa;ib. World festi- val. BCE PABHO 1. all the same. Mne Bce paBHo. It's all the same to me. 2. just the same. Xoth o^enb xo- jiOAHO, fl Bce paBHo nofiAV TyAa. Though it is very cold, I'll go there just the same. BCE-TAKI] particle just the same H Bce-TaKH now AY ^a Benep. I'll go to the evening-party just the same. BCKOFE adv. soon BcKope Ha^ajiCH AO^^Afc- Soon it began to rain. BCJIEJI after, following 1, adv. Oh nocMOTpeJi BCJieA... His eyes followed... 2. used as prep. -\- dat. or sa -{-instr. Oh nocMOTpeJi bcjica eMV. He followed him with his eyes. Mti Homjiii BCjiGA 3a HHM. We fol- lowed him. BCJiyX adv. aloud MHTaTb BCjiyx. To read aloud. BCnAXATb see HAXATb BCllOMMHAlTb, -lo, -emb, -iot imp. K o r 6? ^ T o? or o neu? / p. bchom- H|HTb, -K), -Hmb, -HT 1. to recollect, fl BcnoMHH^io CBoero Apyra. / recollect my friend. BcnoMHHaTb o AexcTBe. To recall one's childhood. 2. to remember, fl HHKaK ne Mory BcnoMHHTb. / just Can't remem- ber. BCnOMHHTb see BCnOMHHATb BCTAIBATb, -K), -emb, -K)t imp. f p. BCTa|Tb, -Hy, -Hemb, -nyx to get up, to rise Ka?KAblH AGHb H BCTaiO B ceMb Ha- coB yTpd, HO ceroAHfl h Bcxaji b BoceMb HacoB. Every day I get up at seven o'clock in the morning, but today I got up at eight o'clock. Cojmae BCTaeT na BocioKe. The sun rises in the east. ^ Bcxaxb c Jieeofi hofh. To get out of bed on the wrong side. BCTATb see BCTABATb BCTPETHTb see BCTPE^ATb BCTPfiTHTbCfl see BCTPEHAXbCfl BCT 22 Bbl BCTPEHA /. meeting Bcxpeia Apyaen. A meeting of friends. GepACHHaH Bcxpena. A cor- dial meeting. BCTPEHA|Tb, -K), -eiuL, -iot imp. KOro? H T 0? /p. BCTpe|THTb, -Hy, -THmb, -THT to meet 1. fl BCTpeTHJi ero cjiyn^MHO. / met him by chance. 2. BCTpeTHTb XJieSOM-COJIbK). To extend hospitality to somebody. <> BcTpeqaxb HoBbiu roji. To see the New Year in. BCTPEHAITbCH, -rocb, -embca, -k)t- CH imp. c KCM? c ^eM?/ p. BCXpelTHTbCH, -HyCb, -THmbCH, -THTCfl to meet BcTpeTHTbCH c ApysbflMii. To meet friends. Mw BCTpexHJiHCb Ha yjiH- Hfi. We met in the street. fig. BCTpeXHTbCfl C TpyAHOCTHMH. To meet with difficulties. BCTynAlTb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. bo mo? / p. BCTyoHTb, BCTynjifo, BCxy- nnmb, Bcxynax to join Bcxynwxb b cnopxHBHoe oSmecxBO. To enter a sports society. BCTynflTb see BCTynAxb BCXO^flTb, Bcxowy, BCxoAHmb, BCXOAflX imp. I p. B30H|xii, -Ay, -Aerab, -AyT, past B3o|meji, -mjia, -mjio, -rajiiT 1. to ascend. Bcxoaiixb na Bepraa- ny ropij. To climb to the top of the mountain. 2. to rise. G6-iHi;e bcxoahx. The sun rises. BClDj^y adv. everywhere BcK)Ay 6i>iJio xeMiio. It was dark everywhere . BCHKiHfl, -aw, -oe, -ne pron. 1. any 2. all sorts of. B MarasHne ecxb BCHKHe npoAyKXLi. There are all sorts of foodstuffs in the shop. 3. u.'ied as n. anyone •0- Ha BCflKHH cjiyqau. Just in case. Be3(o) bchkux xpyAOB. With- out any difficulty. B TEHEHHE prep. -{-gen. during B xeHenne 3Hmh. During the win- ter. PaSoxaxb b xeHeiine roAa. To work during the year. BTOPHHK m. Tuesday Co6paHHe cocxohxch bo bxophhk. The meeting will take place on Tuesday. Kamjs,uu. BXopHHK. Every Tuesday. B-TPETbllX paren. word third(ly) Knara, BO-nepBwx, o^enb nnxepec- Haa, BO-BXOpUX, KpaCHBO o$6pM- jiena, h, B-xpexbHX, ona JierKo hh- xaexcH. First, the book is very in- teresting, second, it is beautifully designed, and, third, it reads well. BTPOEM adv. three (together) Mu oSeAaeM BxpoeM, We three dine^ together. By3 m. (= Biicmee yn^Snoe saBCA^- HHe) higher educational establish- ment B MocKBe oKOJio 90 ByaoB. In Mos- cow, there are some 90 higher edu- cational establishments. BXO^ m. entrance BxOR B Mexpo. An entrance to the underground. Bxoa b napK. An entrance to the park. FjiaBHUH BXOA- The main entrance. BXOJ^iiTb, BXo>Ky, Bxonvtnih, bxoaht imp.K y na? / p. BOH|xii, -Ay, -Aerab, -Ayx, past Bo|meji, -mjia, -mjio, -mjiM 1. to enter. Bohx/i b KJiacc. To enter the classroom. Pasperanxe BoiixH? May I come in? 2. B cocxas AeJierauHH bxoahx nflxb HejiOBCK. The delegation consists of five members. <> BoiiTH BO BKvc. To get to like. BoflxH B MOAy. To become fashion- able. BoHTH B AOBepue K KOMy- -jih5o. To win somebody's confi- dence. B^EPA adv. yesterday BHepa 6bijio xojioaho. It was cold yesterday. BHEPAniHlHfl, -Hfl, -ee, -ne yester- day's BqepamHflfl raaexa. Yesterday's paper. BT>E3HCA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -lox imp. K y A a? / />• B-bexaxb, B-bCAly, -emb, -yx to drive (into) BTbexaxb b ropoA- To drive into a town. B-bexaxb na ropy. To drive uphill. B-bfiXATb see B'bESHCAXb Bbl pron., gen., ace, prepos. Bac, dat. BaM, instr. saMH nporay Bac, ji^kme mho KHiiry. Will you kindly give me the book? BBIB 23 BblH BblBHPAlTb, -K), -eniB, -iot imp. K 0 r 6? H T 0? / />. BtidpaTfc, Bbi6ep|y, -emb, -yx to choose, to select BbiSpaxb cnennajibHOCTb. To choose a speciality. BbiSpaTb 6jik)A0. To choose a dish. Bbi6paTb jiyimnx CnopXCMCHOB H3 HHCJia CTyflCHTOB. To select the best sportsmen among the students. BKlBOPbl pi., no sing, elections BbiSopbi B napjiaMeHT. Elections to the Parliament. Bce66in,He, paBHbie H npflMbie BbiSopw. Universal, equal and direct elections. BWBPACbIBA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -k)t imp. Koro? h t o? Ky^a?/ p. BH5po|cHTb, -my, -cnmb, -cat to throw out BbiSpocHTb eeHyHtHbie GyMarn. To throw out the unnecessary papers. BfiBPATb see BblBHPATb Bb'IBPOCHTb see BblBPACblBATb BblBECTH see BblBOAHTb BlilBOJ^ m. conclusion GAeJiaTb npaBHjibHUH blibo^. To draw the right conclusion. BblBO/^flTb, BHBOJKy, BblBOAHfflb, BWBOAHT imp. p. BblBClCTH, -ay, BLIBCJI, -a, -0, -M 1 Koro? -flcmb. H T 0? / flyx, past I to take out. BbiBecxH Jloma;^eH Ha nporyjiKy. To take the horses for a walk. 2. to remove. BbiBecxn ohxho na KOCXioMe. To remove a stain from a suit. <> Oh BMeeji mchh h3 ce6w. He put me beside myself. BttrJIHIflETb, ->Ky, -AHmb, -ahx imp. to look Ona xoporao BbirjiHAHX. She looks well. BttPHATb see BblFOHIlTb BbirOHUlTb, -K>, -emb, -lox imp. Koro? oxKy^a? / p. Bwrnaxb, Bi>iroH|io, -nmb, -hx to turn out H ero BhirnajiBOH. / turned him out. BbIJ^AiBATb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. q X o? K 0 M y?//>. BHAaxb, BblAaM, BbiAamb, BbiAacx, Bup^aj^mM, BbiAa- AHxe, BbiAaAyT 1. to give out. BbiAaxb KBHrn. To give books out. 2. to give away, to betray. Ero BbiAaJTH. He was betrayed. BblfliATb see BblAABATb BblE3HCA|Tb, -K),^ -emb, -rox imp. I p. Bbiexaxb, BbieAly, -emb, -yx to leave, to drive out Mamnna Bbiexajia h3 rapajKa. The car drove out of the garage. Bbiexaxb H3 ropoAa. To leave town. Bb'IEXATb see BbIE35KATb Bi;i3BATb see Bbl3bIBATb Bbl3A0PABJIHBA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -rox imp. I p. BbiBAopoBcIxb, -K), -emb, -lox to recover MoH 6pax BbiBAopoBeJi. My brother has recovered. BbiBAOpaBJiHBaHxe! Get well! Bi;i3A0P0BETb see BbI3A0PABJIH- BATb Bbl3bIBAlTb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. KOTo> I p. BbT3Baxb, Bbi30B|y, -emb, -yx to call out Bbi3Baxb cxyAeHxa k AOCKe. To call out a student to the blackboard. Bb'mrPATb see BblflPPblBATb BblflrPblBAITb, -10, -emb, -lox imp. Hxo? y koto} I p. Bbinrpalxb, -lo, -emb, -K)x 1. y Koro? lo win. Bbinrpaxb y Apyra napxHK) b raaxMaxbi. To v)in a game of chess from a friend. 2. to win. Bbinrpaxb MamHHy. To win a motor-car . Bb'IHTH see BblXOJ^flTb BblKJIIOHAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. q X 0? I p. BbiKjiiOH|Hxb, -y, -nmb, -ax to switch off BbiKJiiOHHXb CBex. To switch off the light. Bb'IKJIK)4HTb see BblKJIIOHATb BKlJTE^HTb see JIE^HTb BblJlHBAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. Hxo?oxKyAa? Kyjia.? / p. bw- jiHXb, BbiJib|io, -emb, -lox; imper. Bbijieii to pour out BbijiHXb BO Ay H3 cxaKaea. To pour water out of a glass. BbiJiHXb mojio- k6 b Kacxpiojiio.. To pour milk into a saucepan. Bb'IJlHTb see BblJIHBATb Bb'IMblTb see MblTb BttMblTbCH see Mb'ITbCfl BblHHMAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. Hxo.> oxKy Aa? / />. BbiHlyxb, -y, -emb, -yx to take out Bbinyxb njiaxoK h3 KapMana. To take a handkerchief out cf one's pocket. BblHYTb see BblHHMATb Bbin 24 BblX BttnnCATb see BbinnCHBATb BbinflCblBAlTb, -lo, -erab, -k)t imp. H T o? I p. Bb'inn|caTB, -my, -menib, -rayT 1, HTO? oTKyAa? to copy out. BbiniicaTb miTary H3 KHiirw. To copy out a quotation from a book. 2. to subscribe. BbiOHcaTb jKypuaJiH H raaerw. To subscribe to maga- zines and newspapers. BbinHcaxb peueuT CojJbHOMy. To write a pre!>cription for a patient. Bb'inHTb see HHTb BbinOJIHKHHE neut. fulfilment BMHOJiHeHHe njTaua. The fulfilment of a plan. Bb'inOJIHHTb see BbinOJlH)lTb BbinOJIH>I|Tb, -10, -emb, -iot imp. H T O? / p. BLinOJlHlHTb, -lO, -Hmb, -HT to carry out, to fulfil BbmojiHHTb 6oJibmyK) paSoxy. To carry out a great work. Bi.'inoJiHHXb MecHHHbiM njian. To fulfil a monthly plan. BblUyCKAITb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. K o r 6? H T o? / /). BbinylcTHTb, -my, -CTHmb, -CTflT 1. to let out. BbinycTiiTb nxiiuy 113 KJieTKii. To let the bird out of the cage. 2. to turn out. BbinycxHTb cnenna- jiiicxoB. To turn out specialists. 3. to turn out. Bbinycnaxb npo- flVKiuiK) BbicoKoro Kaqecxea. To turn out high-quality products. Bb'inyCTHTb see BblliyCKATb BblPAH^EHHE neut. expression 1. MnxepecHoe BbipaweHne. An in- terestin g expression . 2. Bbipa>KeHHe Jiuna. Expression. Bb'IPACTH see PACTfl BblCOKlHfl, -aH, -oe, -iie, short form BbicoK, BbicoK|a, -6, -h; adv. bmco- k6; comp. Bbime 1. tall. BbicoKHH flOM. A tall house. BbicoKHH ^eJTOBeK. A tall man. 2. fig. high. BbKOKHH ypoBenb H^HBHH. A high living standard. BbicoKaH xeMuepaxypa. A high temperature. BbicoKoe jijABZieumQ. High pressure. Bmcokhh roJioc. A high voice. BblCOTA /. height BoJibmaa Bbicoxa. A great height. IIphDKKn B Bucoxy. High jumping. 3AaHHe cto MexpoB b Bucoxy. A building a hundred metres high. JI|epeBo BMCoxoii b jtecHxb MexpoB. A tree ten metres high. Bb'ICTABlKA /., gen. pi. -ok exhibi- tion BbicxaBKa flocxHweniiH HapoflHoro xosHHCXBa. The Exhibition of Eco- nomic Achievement. Bb'ICTPEJliHTb, -K), -limb, -hx p. to fire BbicxpeJiHTb 113 niicxoJiexa. To fire a pistol. BblCXynAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp./ p. Bbicxylnnxb, -njiio, -nwmb, -nar 1. to speak. Bbicxynnxb na co6paHMH. To speak at a meeting. Bbicxy- nnxb c peHbK). To make a speech. 2. to appear. Bbicxynuxb b rjiaBHOH poJiH. To appear in the principal role. Bb'ICTVnHTb see BblCTyHATb Bbl( XynJIEHHE neut. 1. speech. Bbicxynjieiine flejieraxa. The delegate's speech. Bbicxynji^- HUe MHHHCXpa UHOCXpaUHblX flCJI no xeJieBMAenHK). The foreign mi- nister's appearance on television. 2. performance. BbicxynJieuHe ap- TiicxoB. The actors' performance. Bb'ICIDIMfl, -aH, -ee, -ne 1. higher, superior 2. highest, supreme ""0* Bbicmee o(ipa30BaHiie. Higher education. Bucmiiii opraii BJiacTn. The supreme organ of power. Bb'ITAIU,HTb see TAIUftTb, 2 BblTElETb see BblTHPATb BblTHPAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. q X o? / p. Bbixepexb, Bbixply, -erab, -yx, past Bbixep, -Jia, -Jio, -jih to wipe Bhixepexb pyKU h jihuo hojiox^h- ueM. To wipe one's hands and face with a towel. Bb'iyHHTb see yqflTb, 1 Bb'IXOA m. exit Bbixofl H3 Mexpo. The exit from ths underground station. Bb'ixoA H3 napna. The exit from a park. BblXOAflTb, BMxowy, Bbixo^Hinb, BbixoAHX imp. o X K y fl a? / />. bbih- XH, BbiHfliy, -erab, -yx, past bu- raeji, Bbirajila, -o, -h to go out BbixoAifxb H3 KOMHaxM. To go out of the room. Bwhxh h3 KJiacca. To go out of the classroom. <► BbiuTH H3 TepneHHfl. To lost patience. Bmuth cyxHM h3 BOflw. BBIX 25 rjiA To come off unscathed. Buuth H3 ce6H. To lose one's temper. BblXOAHIOfl, -afl, -6e, -we free Bbixo;iH6u AGHb. A day off. H ce- roAHfl BbixoAHOH. / am free today. r, r rA3 m. gas BoAopoa — JierKHH raa. Hydrogen is a light ga^. Y Hac npoBejiii ra3. They laid on gas in our house. r A3 ETA /. newspaper HuxaTb raaexy. To read a newspa- per. CeroAHflfflHHH raseia. Today's newspaper. rAJICTYK m. (neck)tie BaBH.iaTb raJicTyK. To tie one's tie. riHOHepCKHH raJiCTyK. A Young Pioneer's scarf. TACflTb, ramy, racnnib, racHT imp. H T o? / /?. noraciTTb, noraray, nora- CHmb, noracHT to switch off, to put out TacHTb CBeT. To switch off the light. noracHTb Kociep. To put out a fire. rACTI'OHOM tn. provision shop KyuMTb npoAVKTbi b racTponoMe, To buy foodstuffs at a provision shop. TRE 1. adv. where. T^e Bbi paGoTaeie? Where do you v^ork? Ffle bm >kh- Beie? Where do you live? 2. asconj. where. X1,om, r^e h jkhbv, nocTpoen b 3T0M ro^y. The house in which I live was built this year. rflE-HHBy/tb adv. somewhere fl Syay rAe-HH6yAi> sflecb. / shall be •'omewhere here. TA^-TO ado. somewhere Mbi c BaMH rae-To BCxpenaJiHCB. We have met somewhere. rEHHAJIbHIblfl, -an, -oe, -me of genius nieKcnnp — renwaJTbHbiH aHFJiim- CKHH ApaMaxypr. Shakespeare is a great English dramatist. TeHHaJibHoe npoH3BejieHHe. A work of genius. rEOrPAOnHECKIHfl, -an, -oe, -ne geographic(al) Feorpacj^rtHecKHH axjiac. A geograph- ical atlas. BeJiMKHB reorpa4)HHe- CKHB OTKpMTHH. The great geograph- ical discoveries. y^HTbCH na reo- rpa(|)iiHecKOM ^aKyjibTeie. To study in the geography department. rEOrPAa)Hfl /., no pi. geography (Pnsw^ecKaa reorpa(|)Hfl. Physical geography. 3K0H0MHHerKaa reorpa- (|)Hfl. Economic geography. TEOJIOr m. geologist BuTb reojioroM. To be a geologist. rEPOflHECK|HH, an, -oe, -ne heroic repoHHecKHH xpyA. Heroic labour. TepoHHecKaH 6opb6a. //eroic struggle. TEPOfl m. 1. hero. Fepoii bohhm. A war hero. 2. hero. FjiaBBbm repdii poMana. The hero of the novel. 3. hero. Fepdn Tpy^a. Heroes of labour. FflBHiyXb, -y, -emb, -yx, past rnS, -jia, -Jio, -JTU imp. ox Hero?/ p. nortiSHlyxb, -y, -emb, -yx Bo BpeMH BXOpOH MHpOBOH BOHHM norwdjiH MHJiJiMOHbi JiK);ieH. Mil- lions of people died in the Second World War. J^^epenbfl rriSnyx ox MopoBa. Trees perish with cold. FHMHACTHKA /., no pi. gymnastics yxpetmaa rnMHacxHKa. Morning p. t. exercises. CnopxHBHaa rHMna- cxHKa. Sports gymnastics. J^eJiaxb FJTMHacxHKy. To do p. t. exercises. 3aHMMaxbCH niMHacxHKOH. To prac- tise gymnastics. FJIABAi /., pl.TjiaBhi head Fjiaea flejierarmn. The head of the delegation. FjiaBa npaonxejibcxBa. The head of the government. <> CxoflTb BO rjiaBG qer6-JiH5o. To be at the head of something. FJIABA^ /., pi. rjiaem chapter riepBan rjiasa. The first chapter. FJIABHlblfl, -aa, -oe, -bie principal, chief, main FjiaBHLiH Bonpoc. The principal question. FjiaBHUH pe^anxop. Edi- tor-in-Chief. FjiaBHbiH Bpa^. Head physician. rJIAIAHTb, -my, -ffHmb, -flax imp./ p. norjialAHXb, -JKy, -^nmb, -flax 1. Hxo? HGM? to iron, to press. FjiaAHXb pySaraKy yxioroM. To iron a shirt. 2. Koro? Hxo? no q e m y? to stroke. Fjia^nxL pe6eHKa no ro- jione. To stroke the child's head. ^JIA;^K|Hfl, -aa, -oe, -ne smooth rjiA 26 roji FjiaflKan noBepxHocxb. A smooth surface. rJIA3 m., prepos. o rjiase & b rjiaay; pi. rjiaaa, rjiaa eye BojibniHe rjiaaa. Big eyes. *> 3to cjiyHHJiocb II a Hamex rjia- 3ax. // happened before our eyes. IlycTHTb DbiJib B rjiaaa. To cut a dash. ToBopHTb npaB^y b rjiasa. To speak the truth to one's face. FoBopHTb c rjiaay na rjiaa. To talk confidentially. Hath Kyfla rjia- 3a rjiflflflT. To follow one's nose. CAejiaxb 6ojibinHe rjiaaa. To make big eyes. rJiyBHHA /. depth Ha rjiy6HHe cxa MexpoB. At a depth of one hundred metres. DlaxTa rjiy- 6hh6h b TpMCTa MexpoB. A pit three hundred metres deep. <> B rjiySHHe ca^a. In the heart of the garden. rJIYBOK Hfl, -an, -oe, -iie, short form rjiySoK, rjiy6oK|a, -6, -n; adv. rjiy- 6ok6; comp. rjiydjKe 1. deep. TjiySoKafl pOKa. A deep river. 2. fig. profound. rjiy66KHri yM. Profound intellect. FjiydoKoe nyB- CTBO. Deep feeling, rjiyniblfl, -an, -oe, -ue, short form rjiyn, rjiyiia, rjiyn|o, -w; adv. rjiy- no stupid, foolish FjiynwH nejiOBeK. A stupid man. Fjiynafl Mbicjib. A foolish idea. Oh nocTy.niiji rjiyno. He acted foolishly. rJiyX|Ofl, -aH, -oe, -iie, short form rjiyx, rjiyxa, rjiyx|o, -n; adv. rjiyxo 1. deaf. FjiyxoH nejioBeK. A deaf person . 2. fig. out-of-the-way. Fjiyxon Kpaii, An out-of-the-way region. FJIHI^ETB, -my, -A"mb, -aht imp. Ha Koro? Ha ^to? bo ht 6?/ p. norjiHlAexb, -jKy, -Aiinib, -^ht to look IIorjiHAM Ha Hero! Look at him! FjiflAeiL B OKHo. To look out of the window. FHET m., no pi. yoke, oppression HaxoAHTbCH HOA rnexoM sanoeBaxe- JieH. To be under the yoke of the conquerers . FOBOliflTb, -K), -HHib, -Hx imp. H X 0? O K 6 M? O H e M? K 0 M y? C KCM? 1. p. CKaaaxb, cKaHcy, CKaacemb, CKa?Kyx K 0 M y? to speak, to tell, to say. fl CKaaaJi oxny npaBAy. / told the truth to my father. H roBopHji oxny 06 axoM. / told Father about it. FoBoptixe rpoM- ^e. Speak louder. CKaJKHxe He- CKOJibKO cjioB 0 Mock Be. Say a few words about Moscow. 2. p. noroBopMXb or has no p. as- pect c K e M? to speak, to talk (1) H roBopio c ApyroM o er6 cecxpe. / am speaking with my friend about his sister. H noroBopHJi c oxhom na 3xy xeMy. / had a talk with Father on that subject. (2) H roBopio no-pyccKH. / speak Russian. Oh He roBopHx no- ^anrJiMHCKH. He doesn't speak English. FO3 m., prepos. b roAy & 0 roA©; pi. roAM & roAa 1. year. yqeSnuH roA. School year, academic year, fl poAHJiCfl B 1941 roAy. I was born in 1941. 2. gen. pi. jiex year. Ckojibko BaM Jiex? How old are you? Mne 20 Jiex. / am 20 years old. Mue 23 roAa. / am 23 years old. Ilpo- niJio 4 roAa (5 Jiex). 4 (5) years passed. <> C HoBbiM roAOAiI A Happy New Year! FOJIOBA /., ace. roJiOBy; pi. roJiOBU, rojiOB, roJiOBaM, etc. head y MGHH 60JIHX roJiOBa. / have a headache. <> CseTjiafl rojiOBa. A bright head. nycxaa rojiOBa. An empty head. noBecHTb rojiOBy. To hang one's head. noxepflTb rojioBV. To lose one's head. Mne npnmjia b roJiOBy MbicJib. An idea occurred to me. Mne npHinjio b rojiOBy. It occurred to me. rOJIOJi; m., no pi. hunger IIoHyBCXBOBaxb roJioA- To feel hun- gry. YMepexb c roJioAy. To die of hunger. rOJl03H|blfl, -an, -oe,^ -tie, short form roJioAen, roJiOAHa, r6JiOAH|o, -u 1. hungry. Fojioahmm neJioBeK. A hungry person, fl roJiOAen. / am hungry. roji 27 rop 2. only complete form starving. roJioflHafl CMepxL. Starvation. rOJIOC m., pL -a 1. voice, Hm3khh rojioc. A low voice. Bhcokhh roJioc. A high voice. JlnniHTLCfl roJioca. To lose one's voice. 2. vote. ToJioc naSupaTejiH. The vote of an elector. rOJIOCIOBATb, -yio, -yemt, -yrox imp. 3a Koro? 3a hto? npo- THB Kord? npoTHB Hero?/ p. nporojioc|oBaTi>, -yio, -yemb, -yioT to vote roJiocoBaxb 3a KaHAHJ^aTa b fleny- TaThi. To vote for a candidate. FoJiocoBaxB npoxHB pesoJiroi^HH. To vote against a resolution. rOJiyB|Ofl, -an, -6e, -Lie light-blue ToJiySoe He6o. A light-blue sky. ToJiy6ue rjiaaa. Blue eyes. rOJiyB|B m., gen. pi. -en dove, pigeon JlexHX roJiySn. The doves are fly- ing. rOJIILIfl, -an, -oe, -ue naked, bare FoJiaa cniina. A naked back. FoJiBie ;i;epeBbH. Bare trees. rOPA /., ace. ropy; pi. ropti, rop, ropaw, etc. mountain, hill BbicoKaH ropa. A high mountain. JKhxb b ropax. To live in the moun- tains. Ha ropax JieJKHx cuer. There is snow on the mountains. Typncxu BsoniJiH na ropy. The tourists climbed the mountain. <0* He 3a ropaMH. Close at hand, not far away. rOPA3^0 adv. much, far Fopaaflo Jiynrae. Far better. Fopaa- AO Sucxpee. Much faster. Fopa.iflo yMHee. Much cleverer. FopasAO mchb- me. Much smaller / less ^OPI/^flTbCH, -mych, -AHmtCH, -ahx- CH imp. KCM? »ieM? to be proud FopAHXBCfl ycnexaMH. To be proud of one's success. FopziHXbCH poAH- HOH. To be proud of one's coun- try. rOP^IBlB, -an, -oe, -Lie, short form ropA, ropAa, ropAO, rop ah; adv. ropAO proud FopAUH HeJioBeK. A proud person. FopAan ASBymKa. A proud girl. FopAMH BHA. A proud air. rOPE neut., no pi. misfortune y Hero 6oJibm6e rope. A great mis- fortune befell him. rOP|ETB, -K), -limb, -hx imp. 1. p. croplexb, -10, -nrab, -hx to burn. FopHX cBe^a. A candle burns. FopHX ApoBa. Firewood burns. Fopnx aom. The house is on fire. 2. no p. to burn. B KOMuaxe ropnx CBex. There is a light in the room. 3. fig. to shine, to sparkle. Fjiaea y Hero ropax ox paAOCXH. His eyes are shining with joy. rOPJIO neut. throat y MeHfl 60JIHX ropJio. / have a sore throat. rOPHIBlH, -an, -oe, -He 1. mountain. FopuHe BepmiiHti. Mountain tops. 2. mining. Fopnan npoMbimjien- Hocxb. The mining industry. FopHbiH HHCXHxyx. A mining institute. rOPOJi; m., pi. -a city, town KpyuHbiH npoMbimJioHHbiH ropoA- A large industrial city. B ropoAe MHoro caAOB. There are many gar- dens in the city. <> noexaxb 3a ropoA. To go to the country. rOPOACK|On, -an, -oe, -lie city, town FopOACKOH xpaHcnopx. City trans- port. FopoACKoH caA- A city park. rOPbK|Hfl, -an, -oe,^ -ne, short form ropeK, ropbKa, ropbKlo, -n; adv. ropbKO 1. bitter. FopbKoe JioKapcxBo. A bitter medicine. 2. fig. bitter. FopbKan npaBAa. The bitter truth. FopbKHe CJieau. Bitter tears. FopbKO nJiaKaxb. To weep bitterly. rOPJlHlHfl, -an, -ee, -ne, short form ropHH, -a, -6, -k; adv. ropnio 1. hot. FopaHHH cyn. Hot soup. 2. fig. ardent. Fopanafl JiioGoBb. Ardent love. Fopri^HH npHBex. Warm greetings. FopHHo cno- pHXb. To have a heated argu- ment. 3. fig. hot. FopHHHH xapaKxep. A hot temper. 4. fig.: Fopa^ee BpoMH. A busy time. roc 28 rPA rOCnOJ^fln m., pi. rocnoAa, rocno^, rocnoAHM, etc. gentleman; used in addressing people Mr. rocnoflHH yoTcon! Mr. Watson! rOCTEnPHnMHIbin, -an, -oe, -bib hospitable rocTenpiiHMHbiH X03HHH. A hospi- table host. FocTenpHPiMHafl cipana. A hospitable country. rOCTflHHqA /. hotel Mbl OCTaHOBHJIHCb B TOCTITHHae. We put up at an hotel, HonaH ro- CTiiHiina. A new hotel. rOCT|b m., gen. pi. -6h guest, visitor JKeJiaHHMH rocTb. A welcome guest. MHocTpaHHbie focth. Foreign visitors. <^ Hmii B rocTH. To go on a visit. EbiTb B rocTflx. To be on a visit. rOCyAAPCTREHHIMfl, -afl, -oe, -He state FocyflapcTBeHHWH cxpon. A state system. rccyflapcTBeHHbie rpanui^bi. State frontiers. FocyAapcTBeHHaa ncjiHTHKa. A state policy. Moc- KOBCKHH rocyaapCTBeHHbiH yHHBep- CHieT. Moscow State Univer- sity. rOCy ^,^VCTBO neut. state; country B 3T0M rocyAapcTBe jkhbct 15 mmji- jiHOHOB HCJioeeK. The population of this country is 15 million. rOTOlBHTb, -BJiK), -BHrab, -bht imp. K o r 6? H T 0? 1. p. npHrOTOlBHTb, -BJIK), -BHUlb, -BHT to prepare. FoTOBHTb ypoK. To do a lesson. Fotobhtb o6eA- To cook dinner. 2. p. nOAPOTOlBHTb, -BJIK), -BHIEb, -BHT to prepare. FoxosHTb cne- miaJiHCTOB. To train specialists. FoTOBHTb ynenHKOB k OKaaMeny. To prepare pupils for an exami- nation. rOTOlBHTbCH, -BJirocb, -BiinibCH, -BATCH imp. K HeMy? & + inf. / p. OpHFOTOlBHTbCH, -BJIWCb, -BHUIb- CH, -BATCH lo prepare, to get ready CTyACHT rOTOBHTCA K 9K3^MeHy. The student is preparing for an examination. CnopTCMGH npnroTO- BHJICA npbjrHyTb b BOAy. The sportsman got ready to jump into the water. rOTOBjblfl, -aA, -08, -He, short form roTOB, -a, -o, -u K HCMy? Ha HTo? & -\-inf. 1. ready. yqeHHK totob k skb^mc- Hy. The pupil is ready for his examination. 2. ready. Oh Bcer^a totob noMd^t TOBapnmy. He is always ready to help a friend. FoTOBbiH na nofl- BHF. Ready to perform a feat. 3. ready. 06eA totob. Dinner is ready. <> roTOBoe njiaTbe. A ready-made dress. rPA^yC m. 1. degree. TepMOMeTp noKasHBaex HHTb rpaAycoB HH>Ke Hyjifi (bh- me nyJiH). The thermometer shows five degrees below zero (flbove zero). 2. degree. Yroji b 45 rpaAycoB. An angle of 45 degrees. rPA5KAAHflH m., pi. rpmAane, rpajKAan 1. citizen. FpaWAaHiiH GoBCTCKoro CoK)3a. A citizen of the Soviet Union. 2. used in addressing people Sir. FpaJKAaHHH, CKa>KnTe, nojKaJiyn- CTa, FAe HaxoAHTCH TeaTp? Sir, will you kindly tell me where the theatre is? rPA5KAAHCKlHfl, -an, -oe, -ne civil, civic rpaJKA^HCKHH ji,0Jir. One's civic duty. ^ FpaHCAaHCKaH soHHa. A civil war. rPAMM m. gramme CeMbcoT rpaMMOB c^xapa. Seven hundred grammes of sugar. rPAMMATMKA /. grammar FpaMMaTHKa pyccKoro ASHKa. A Russian grammar. rPAMOTHIbin, -aA, -oe, -ne, short form rpaMOTen, rpaM0TH|a, -o, -h; adv. rpaMOTHO literate FpaMOTHHH HCJioBeK. A literate person. IlHcaTb rpaMOTHO. To write literately. rPAHflIi;A /. frontier; boundary FocyAapcTBeHHaA rpaHHi?a. A state frontier. <> HCaxb 3a rpaHBHeii. To live abroad. Yexaxb 3a rpannqy rPE 29 rPH I To go abroad, npnexaxb B3-3a rpa- HBUbi. To come from abroad. rPElMtelb, -MjiK), -Miimb, -MHT imp. to thunder FpeMHT rpoM. It thunders. rPElTb, -K), -erab, -k)t imp. qxo? / p. corpelxb, -K), -emb, -k)t 1. to give out warmth. Ocenbio cojiHne CBeTHT, ho mejio rpeex. In autumn the sun is bright but not very warm. 2. to be warm. ITajibTo xopomo rpeex. The overcoat is very warm. 3. to warm. Tpexb pyKH na^ or- HCM. To warm one's hands over the fire. 4. p. iiarpelTb, -lo, -emb, -iot to warm. Harpeib bo Ay Ao 40 rpa- AycoB. To warm the water to 40 degrees. rPHB m., gen. -a mushroom Ha6paTb mboto rpaGoB. To gather a lot of mushrooms. BeJibiH rpnG. An edible boletus. rPHim m, influenza Bojiexb rpHonoM. To be ill with the 'flu. y Hero xaJKejiaa $6pMa rpHHoa. He has a bad attack of the 'flu. OcjiojKHeHHH nocjie rpHH- na. Complications after the 'flu. rP03A /., pi. rpoBM thunderstorm HaqaJiacb rpoaa. A thunderstorm broke out. JlexoM ^acxo SuBaiox rp63bi. Thunderstorms often occur in summer. rPOM m. 1. thunder. 3arpeMeJi rpoM. It started thundering. 2. fig. storm. TpoM anjioAiicMen- xoB. A storm of applause. ^POMAJ^H|bln, -an, -oe, -we, short form rpoMaAen, rpoMaAHla, -o, -w huge, enormous PpoMaAHbiH AOM. A huge house. Fpo- MaAHUH ycnex. An enormous suc- cess. rPOMKlHfl, -aH, -oe. -ne, short form rpOMOK, rpoMKa, rpoMKlo, -h; adv. rpOMKo; comp. rpoMHe loud FpoMKHH 3ByK. A loud sound. FpoMKHH rojioc. A loud voice. FpoM- KHH CMex. A loud laughter. Pasro- BapHBaxb rpOMKO. To speak loudly. XP^''B|blfl, -an, -oe, -we, short form rpy6, rpy6a, rpy6|o, -w; adv. rpy6o 1. coarse. Fpy6afl mepcxb. Coarse wool. 2. rude. FpySwfi qojiOBeK. A rude person. FpySoe oxHomeHHe. A rude attitude. FpyCo oxBexHXb. To reply rudely. Oh o^eHb rpy6 c TOBapHmaMii. He is very rude to his friends. 3. gross. FpySaa omiiSKa. A gross mistake. FPy/^b /., prepos. na rpyAH chest; breast •C> KopMHTb peSeiiKa rpyAbio. To nurse (suckle) a child. FPySOBHK m., gen. -a lorry K AOMy noA^exaJi rpysoBMK. A lor- ry drove up to the house. FpynnA /. group B nameH xypiicxcKOH rpynne ceMb HeJiOBeK. There are seven people in our tourist group. Fpynna Aeey- meK. A group of girls. FPyiCTHTb, -my, -cxiimb, -cxhx imp.- o K 6 M? o H e M? no k o m y? no H e M y? to miss, to be sad FpycxHXb o xoeapnme. To miss a friend. Fpycxiixb o ceMbe. To miss one's family. FPyCTHIblfl, -an, -oe, -we, short form rpycxen, rpycxna, rpycxH|o, -w; adv. rpycxHO sad FpycxHwii qeJiOhCK. A melancholy man. FpycxHoe jihho. A sad face. FpycxHan necHH. A sad song. Mne rpycxHO. / feel sad. FP^^rilA /. 1. pear. Kynwxb HecKOJibKO rpym. To buy some pears. 2. pear-tree. B HameM caAy pacxyx rpymii. There are pear-trees in our orchard. rP)l3H|blfl, -an, -oe, -we, short form rpH3eH, rpHBHa, rpH3H|o, -w; adv. rpfl3H0 1. muddy. FpHsnaa yjinna. A mud- dy street. 2. lit. & fig. dirty. FpH3HaH py- 6araKa. A dirty shirt. FpasHafl pa66xa. Dirty work. Fpa3HWH nocxynoK. A dirty deed. Oh na- nncaji rpriano. He wrote care- lessly. FPHSb /., prepos. b rpH3H & 6 rpn- 3H, no pi. rvB 30 ABH 1. mud. Ha yjinixe rpH3B. It's muddy in the street. 2. dirt. rpH3b Ha BopoTHHKe. Dirt on a collar. ryBA /., pi. ry6hi, ry6, rySaM, etc. KpacHTb ry6fci. To make up one's lips. ryJl^lTh, -K), -erab, -lOT imp. /p. no- ryjifllTb, -K), -enib, -k)t to walk FyjiflTb c peSeHKOM. To go for a walk with a child. FyjiflTb b Jiecy. To walk in the forest. ryCT|On, -aa, -6e, -ue, short form rycT, rycia, rycxjo, -h; adv. rycio; comp. ryme 1. thick, dense. FycTwe bojiocbi. Thick hair. FyCTOil Jiec. A thick forest. J]|epeBbH pacxyx rycxo. The trees grow thick. 2. thick. FycxoH Me^. Thick hon- ey. Fycxaa CMexana. Thick sour cream. 3. dense. Fycxoii xyMan. A dense f^S' FycxoH AWM. Thick smoke. ryC|b m., gen. pi. -en goose HiapeHHH rycb. A roast goose. Snecb MHoro rycefl. There are many geese here. A, fl J^A particle 1. yes. 3x0 xbi? — J^tx, axo a. "/s that you?" "Fes, it's me." 2. translated by the Im.peratiue. ]J,a 3ApaBcxByex Mnp na seMjie! Long live peace on Earth/ J^A|BATb, -K), -enib, -lox imp. Koro? H T o? K 0 M y? ^ e M y? / /?. Aaxb, AaM, Aanib, ^acx, ahahm, A^Awxe, AaAyT, past Aaji, -a, -o, -h to give ^axb KHwry xoBapnmy. To give a book to a friend. <> Jl&Tb corjiacHe Ha ^to-jihSo. To give one's consent to something. J^aXb B03MOHKe He saxoxeJi o6eAaxb. He would not even have dinner. ;^AJIEE adv. further II xaK AaJiee (h x. a). And so on (etc.). ^AJIEKlHfl, -aa, -oe, -ne, short form AaJieK, AaJieK|a, -6, -h; adv. AaJieK6; comp. AaJibme distant Jl^aJieKaa cxpana. A distant country. Exaxif AaJieKO. To go far. Buxb AaJieKO ox AOMa. To be far from home. J^AJIbHlHfl, -fin, -ee, -ne 1. distant, remote. /l,ajibHHe pan- OHLi. B emote regions. 2. long. ^ajibHee nyxemecxBHe. A long journey. 3. distant. J\ajihBRe poACXBeHHHKH. Distant relatives. J^AJIbmE adv. further, on Hnxaiixe, nojKajiyiicxa, AaJibme, Will you read on, please? IIoHAeM AaJibme. Let's go on. J^APflTb, Aapro, Aapnmb, Aapax imp. K o r 6? H X o? K o M y? »j e m y?/ p. noAapiixb, noAapK), noAapnmb, noAapax to give (a present) HoAapiixb xoBapnmy KHiiry. To give a friend a book (as a present). J^ATA /. date BnaivieHaxejibHaa AaTa. A memorable date. JlATh see flABATb ;^BEP|b /., gen. pi. -m door GxeKJiflHHaa ABepb. A glass door. OxKpuxb ABepb. To open the door. BaKpbixb ABepb. To close the door. BoHXH B ABepb. To come (go) through a doorway. ;^Bfl^A|TbCH, -locb, -erabca, -iotch or ABHHtembca, ABDJKyxca imp./ p. ABiiHlyxbca, -ycb, -embca, -yxcfl to move ndesA ABUHtexca co cKopocxbio 50 KHJiOMexpoB B qac. The train is moving at a speed of 50 kilometres ffBH 31 AEJI an hour. J^BnTaThcB Bnepe/i;. To move ahead. He ABHranxecbJ Don't move! J^BrnK^miE neut. 1. movemeDt. J]^BmKeHHe njianeT BOKpyr CoJiHEta. The movement of planets round the Sun. 2. traffic. JXEummne Tpancnopxa. Traffic. PacnHcanne ziBHjKeHHH noe3;i;6B. A railway time-table. 3. movement. Hai\HOHajibHO-ocBo- SoflHTejiBHoe ABHJKeHHe. The na- tional liberation movement. Pa66- nee jiBiimeniie. The working-class movement. ^BHHteHHe cxopoHHii- KOB MHpa. The peace movement. ABflHyXbCH see ABflFATbCH ^BOE num. two ^Boe Mymnuu. Two men. JJ^Jide cy- TOK. Two days. J^BOP m., gen. -a 1. courtyard. MamMHa BT,exaJia bo fl;B6p. The motor-car drove into the yard. 2. outside. Ha ABope xojioaho. // is cold outside. /^BOP|E^ m., gen. -i^a palace KopoJieBCKHH ABopei;. King's palace. <> J^Bopea KyjibTypw. A palace of culture. J^BOpe^ cnopxa. A sports palace. J^£BOHIKA /., gen. pi. -ck (little) girl MajieHbKan AGBOHKa. A small girl. aEBYiniKA /., gen. pi. -ck girl KpacMBan AesyiUKa. A beautiful girl. JlflJ5,ym\KA m., gen. pi. -ck grand- father MoH ABAyniKa JKHBex b AcpeBne. My grandfather lives in the country. Jl,E7KSVH\blVL, -afl, -oe, -we 1. duty. fle>KypHHB[ Bpan. Duty doctor. J^emypuafi anxeKa. Duty chemist's. ^eHtypntiH Marasiin. A duty shop. 2. n. a person on duty. Kxo ce- roAHH AeJKypHMH? Who is on duty today? JJ^eTKyi^uuu no o6- mieJKHXHK). The man on duty at the hostel. flEflCTBHE neut. 1. action. fl,eHcxBHe khcjioxm na XKaHb. The action of an acid on material. 2. action. 3xh flencxBHH npHBCJiH K xoMy, Hxo... These actions led to... 3. action. ^encxBne npoHCxoAHX b ropoAe H. b XIX Bene. The action takes place in the town of N. in the 19th century. 4. act. B Dbece 4 AeucxBaa. There are 4 acts in the play. AEflCTBHTEJIbHO 1. adv. really. Oh AeHcxBHxejibno 3X0 BHaex. He really knows that. 2. par en. word indeed, ^a, ach- cxBnxeJibHo, axo HyjKHo. Yes, that's necessary indeed. AEflCTBflTEJIBHOCTb /., no pi. reality OGXjeKXHBHafl AeHCXBMXeJIbHOCXb. Objective reality. jI,eHCXBHxejibHOCXb Hamiix AHCH. The reality of our time. <> B AeHCTBHTeJibHOCTH. In reality. ^.EflCTBlOBATb, -yro, -yemb, -yiox imp. 1. to act. Tenepb naAO aghcxbo- Baxb. Now we must act. 2. to affect. 3xo na mchh ne ach- cxByex, It doesn't affect me. J^EKABI |b m., gen. -h December B AGKaSpe HaHnnaexcH 3HMa. Win- ter begins in December. CeroAHH xpexbe AGKaSpn. Today is the third of December. Oh npncAex BocbMoro ACKaSpa. He will arrive on the eighth of December. JIEKAH m. dean JI,eKaH ^HJioJioFMHecKoro $aKyjib- xexa yHHBepcHxexa. The Dean of the Philological Department of the University. /^EKJIAPA^HH /. declaration /^eKJiapaHHH cxopohhhkob Mirpa. A declaration of the peace-support- ers. ^EJIAlTb, -K), -erab, -lox imp. h x o? / p. CAeJia|xb, -K), -emb, -lox 1. to do, Hxo BH AGJiaexe ceroAHH BenepoM? What are you doing this evening? Mne H6Hero Ae- jiaxb. I've nothing to do. H hh- ^ero ho Ae-'iaiO- ^ ^"^ doing nothing. 2. K 0 r 6? H X o? K e M? k a k h m? to make. ^eJiaxb Aexajin. To make parts. 3x0 CASJiaJio ero cnacx- JIHBHM. That made him happy. AE.11 32 AEP 3. to do. Marawna fleJiaex 80 km B qac. The motor-car does 80 km an hour. <0* J^ejiaxb flOKJiajt. To make a re- port. J^ejiaxb oiuhGkh. To make mistakes. J^ejiaxb na Myxn cjiona. Cf. To make a mountain out of a molehill. J^EJIEFAT m. delegate ^eJierax KOH(J)epeHi;HH. A delegate to a conference. J^EJIE^A^HH /. delegation ^ npaBi'iTejibCTBeHHafl /^ejierauHH, A government delegation. CnopTiTBuafl fleJierauHfl. A sports delegation. ^EJIflTb, AGJiK), AeJiiimb, jxeJim imp. Koro? HT 0? / p. paalAeJiHTb, -jifiJiK), -fleJiHinb, -AeJiHT to divide PasflejiiiTb crpaHHuy na ^,Be nacxH. To divide a page into two parts. Paa^eJifixb 10 na 2. To divide 10 by 2. J^fiJIO neut., pi. flejia, ^eji, ^eJiaM, etc, business y Mena k BaM fleJio. I've got busi- ness to discuss with you. <0' BaHCHoe AeJio. An important business. KaK jie.ia? How are you getting along? On noineji no Ae- jiaM. He went out on business. 3xo He Kaiue ^ejio. It's not your busi- ness. B qcM AGJio? What's the mat- ter? C^ejiaxb qx6-HH6ynb Men^^y AejioM. To do something at odd moments. ^EMOKPATflqECKlHfl, -an, -oe, -ne democratic ^ewoKpaxriqecKHH cxpoii. A demo- cratic system. /^eMOKpaxH^ecKaH pecnySjiHKa. A democratic repub- lic. J^EMOKPATHH /.democracy IlojiHaH AeMOKpaxHH. Complete de- mocracy. ;^EMOHCTPA^Ha /. 1. demonstration. JI^eMoecxpanHH cocxoiixcfl na oJioniaAH. The dem- onstration will take place in the square. 2. showing, presentation, ^gmoh- cxpauHH HOBoro ^'AJihMR. The showing of a new film. J^EHb m., gen. ahh day B nanajie ahh. In the morning. B cepeAwne ^hh. At midday. Bo bxo- poH noJioBHHe AHH. In the after- noon. B xBMeHHe AHH. During the day.^ Hepea 2 ahh. In 2 days. 2 ahh HaaaA. 2 days ago. Ha CJieAyiomnH AeHb. Next day. ^ Bbixojiiiou ACHb. A day off. 4eHb iiesaBHCHMOcTii. Independence Day. J\QH\i poHCAeniiH. Birthday. Oh npneAex na auhx. He will come one of these days. XoAHXb KVAa- -jih6o qepea Aenb. To go somewhere every other day. ^EHbFH pL, no sing., gen. A^ner money JloJiy^axb AeHbrH. To receive mon- ey. JliEnyTAT m. deputy ^enyxax napjiaMenxa. A member of parliament. Hajiara AenyxaxoB. Tlie Chaifiber of Deputies. J^EPEBHfl /., gen. pi. AepeBGHb 1. village. ^epeBHH cxo/ijia na 6e- pery peKti. The village was on the bank of the river. 2. country(side). H^iixb b AepeBne. To live in the country. J^EPEBO neut., pi. AepeebH. A^peBbeB 1. tree. BticoKoe A^peBO. A tall tree. 2. only sing. wood. HmHK H3 a©- peea. A wooden box. AEPEBHUHlbin, -aH, oe, -ue wooden J]^epeBHHHHH AOM. A wooden house. J^EP>KATb, Aepwy, Aep>KHfflb, Aep- >Kax imp. Koro? q x o? to hold /IjepjKaxb nopT(|)eJib. To hold a bag. Jl^epwaxb pe6eHKa na pyKax. To hold a child in one's arms. J^ep- >Kaxb pe5eHKa aa pyKy. To hold a child by the hand. <0> J^epjKaxb ce6n b pynax. To control oneself . p. cAep>Kaxb, CAep>Ky, CAepjKHmb, CAep?Kax. CAepwaxb cjiobo. To keep one's word. J[^EP5KATbCfl, Aepwycb, Aep>KHrabCH, Aep>KaxcH imp. a a h x 6? 1. to hold on. JljepjKaxbCH a^ py- Ky. To clutch at somebody's hand. /^epmaxbCH aa nepnjia. To hold on to the handrail. 2. to behave. /l|ep>KaxbCH xpa6po. To behave in a courageous man- ner. JXET 33 AO J^ETAJIb /. part /^exajib MamHHH. A part of a ma- chine. ^ETH pi., gen. flexeH, dat. abthm, instr. ji^eThUH, prepos. o asthx; sing. pe6eH0K children KHHrH AJi« flexen. Books for chil- dren, y Hero ABoe Aexen. i/e has two children. Omti h flexH. Fathers and sons. ;I^£TCK|HB[, -aa, -oe, -ne child's, children's ^excKoe JiHii;6. A child's face. ^excKHH xeaxp, A children's the- atre. «0 J^eTCKHit caa. A kindergarten. JtETCTBO neut., no pi. childhood B Aexcxse oh >khji b ^epeBHe. He lived in the country in his child- hood. ^EHIEBIHfl, -aH, -oe, -Lie, short form AemeB, Aemesa, A6nieB|o, -li; adv. ^emeBo; comp. ^emeBJie cheap ^emeBHe BeniiH. Cheap things. Ky- ni'ixb oBoniiH AenieBO, To buy vege- tables cheap. aEHTEJIbHOCTb /. activity OCmecxBeHHaa fleaxeJibHocxB. So- cial activity. AHAMETP m. diameter /]|HaMexp Kpyra. The diameter of a circle. 3HBAH m. divan GnflexB Ha AHBane. To sit on a di- van. MarKHH AHBaH. A soft divan. JleHb Ha AHBaH. To lie down on a divan. ^flKlHH, -an, -oe, -ne 1. wild. Jl^UKTlQ JKHBOXHHe. Wild animals. JXiiKiiQ pacxeHHH. Wild plants. 2. fig. wild. JJ^HKHH KpnK. A wild cry. 3iHKTAT5^PA /. dictatorship jyHUMM m. diploma HoJiy^HTb AHHJIOM HHHteHGpa. To receive an engineer's diploma. JpinJIOMATfl^ECKlHfl, -an, oe, -ne diplomatic ycxaHOBHXb AHHJioMaxiiHecKHe oxho- raeHHH. To establish diplomatic re- lations. ^HHJiOMaxpiiecKHe oxHorae- HHfl ueTKjiy cxpanaMH. Diplomatic relations between countries. JUHPEKTOP m., pi. -a director /^HpeKXop BaBOAa. The director of 3—4002 a plant. J3;HpeKxop okojih. The director of a school, head-master. J\l[?limEP m. conductor (of an or- chestra) OTCIl.HnJIflHA /., no pi. discipline Co6JiK)Aaxb AHcn.HnJiHHy. To observe discipline. J]|Hcn;HnjiHHa na ypoKe. The discipline at the lesson. 3JIHHA /., no pi. length Mepa AJiHHBi. A measure of length. HSMepHXb A-ntHHy KOMHaXH. To measure the length of a room. Vjih- Ha AJiHHOK) B 3 KHJiOMexpa. A street 3 kilometres long. IIpbiJKKii b aJIH- ny. Long jumping. J^JlflHHjblfl, -an, -oe, -we, short form AJiHHeH, A-JiHHHa, A-'iHHHO, jimmnhi 1. long. ^JiMiHHoe naJibxo. A long overcoat. 2. long. JlJinuRum nyxb. A long way. 3. only short form AJTiTHeH, ji,JiiiBii\a, -6, -bi too long. Ilajibxo aJihhho. The overcoat is too long. JlJlfl prep. -\- gen. 1. for. y^e6HHKH A-JiH cxyAenxoB. Textbooks for students. Kyniixb HrpymKH jx,:iii A^xefi. To buy toys for children. 2. to. ^JiH Hero axo xHHteJibm yAap. It's a heavy blow to him. J^HEBHHK m., gen. -a diary BecxH AHCBHHK. To keep a diary, ^HEBHIOH, -an, -oe, -we 1. daytime. J^HCBHtie saHHXHH. Day- time lessons. • 2. day, ^hcbhoh cbcx. Daylight. ^HEM adv. in the daytime ^hcm HtapKO. It's hot in the day- time. J^HO neut., no pi. bottom JJ^RO pcKH. The bottom of a river. MopcKoe AHO. Sea bottom. Hatii ko Any. To sink to the bottom. JIO prep. -{-gen. 1. to. Ox MocKBbi AO KneBa. From Moscow to Kiev. Jl^oexaxb ao nenxpa. To go to the centre, ^oh- XH AO ABepH. To reach the door. 2. till. Ox 2 AO 5. From 2 till 5. C yxpa AO Be^epa. From morn- ing till evening. 3. to. Bopb6a AO noGeAM. A fight to the victorious end. ^OHHxaTB KHHry AO KOHua. To read the hook to the end. aoB 34 Aor <> HCnsHb flo BOUHfaJ. Life before the war. J^OBABHTb see ^OBABJlHXb ^^OBABJlHlTb, -10, -emb, -iot imp. qxo? Hero?//?. Ao6a|BHTb, -bjik), -BHinb, -BHT 1. to add. ^oGaBHTb cojih b cyn. To add salt to the soup. 2, to add. ^l|o6aBHTb iiecKOJibKo cjiob. To add a few words. Jl,OBHBA|TbCH, -locb, -eiubCH, -iotch, imp. »i e r 6? / /?. AoSiixbCH, j\o6h\ibch, -embcH, -i6tch to strive ^oSiiBaTbcn ycnexa. To strive for success. J^OBHTbCH see ^OBHBATbCH ^OBP|blH, -an, -oe, -we, short form Ao6p, Ao6pa, fl66po, Ao6pLi kind ^65pbin HeJioBeK. A kind person. <> /^oGpbiii J^eIIb! Good afternoon! 466poe yxpo! Good morning! Jliomi AoSpoii BOJiii. People of good will. By^bxe jtoSpw. Be so kind. C;;e- jiaTb mt6-jih6o no ji,66pon bojig. To do something out of good will. ^OBblBAlTb, -K), -enib, -iot imp. mo?/p. AoSbiTb, ;;o6y;i|y, -eiub, -yT to extract 4o6LiBaTb yroJib. To mine coal. ^OBb'ITb see AOBblBATb ^OBEPHE neut., no pi. confidence, trust OnpaB;i;aTb ^OBepne, To justify somebody's confidence. 3acJiyjKHTb aoBepiie. To prove to be worthy of one's trust. ^OBEPHTb see /^OBEPHXb ^OBEPHlTb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. h to? K 0 M y? / p. AOBeplHTb, -K), -HHlb, -HT 1. no p. to trust. ^oBcpaxb /i;py- ry. To trust a friend. 2. to entrust. ^oBepHTb apyry TaHHy. To take a friend into one's confidence. aOBECTfl see J^OBOAflTb J^OBOJ^flTb, AOBOJKy, AOBOAHuib, ^o- BO^HT imp. K o r 6? q t o? /j; o Hero? fp. AOBecTiT, jxoBejxIy, -emb, -yT, past AOBeji, AOBeJija, -6, -h to lead to (as far as), up to ^OBecTH KOT6-Bu6yji.h AO KaKoro- HH6yAi> MecTa. To lead somebody as far as some place. J^obocth MajibHHKa flo cTaHn;HH. To take the boy to the station. <0» AoBecTH AeJio a© KOHua. To complete an undertaking. J^oeecTH Kor6-JiM6o AO c.iea. To make one cry. ^OBOJIbHO 1. adv. rather. Yme AOBOJibno ndaA- Ho. It's rather late already. 2. predic. impers. (it is) enough. Yme nosAHo: AOBoJibHo BaM 3a- HHMaxbCH. It's already late: you've studied long enough. ^OBOJIbHIblH, -an, -oe, -bie, short form AOBOJien, AOBoJibHla, -o, -u KeM? q CM? contented, pleased ^OBOJibHbiii BiiA. A contented look. H jxoBOJiou TBoeii pa66TOH. / am pleased with your work. T^OrA^ATbCH see ^OPA ablBATbCH SOPA/jblBAlTbCH. -locb, -embCH, -K)TCH imp. o HCM?//?. AoraAaJTb- CH,^-iocb, -embCH, -iotch to guess Oh AoraAaJicH, o hcm omi roBo- pi'iJiH, xoTfi OHii roBopiiJiii Tiixo. He guessed what they were talking about, though they were talking in low voices. ,HOrHATb see ^OFOHflTb J^OrOBAPHBAlTbCfl, -K)Cb, -embCH, -IOTCH imp. 0 H e M? c KeM? / p. AOrOBOpllITbCH, -lOCb, -limbCH, -HTCH to agree, to fix J],oroBopiiTbCH 0 BCTpene c Tosapn- meM. To fix a meeting with a friend. GTpaHbi AoroBopiiJiiicb o KyjibTypiioM o6MeHO na c.ieAyio- miiii roA. The countries agreed about the next year's cultural exchange. J^OrOBOP m. treaty, agreement ^oroBop 0 Apy>K6e ii BsaiiMHOH no- Momii. A treaty of friendship and mutual aid. MnpHbiii AoroBop. A peace treaty. ToproBuii AoroBop. A trade agreement. 3aKJiK)HiiTb MiipHbiH AoroBop. To conclude a peace treaty. IloAnHcaTb AoroBop o MPipe. To sign a peace treaty. AOFOBOPflTbCH see ^OFOBAPH- BATbCH J^OrOHUlTb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. ko- to? HTO? /p. AornaTb, AoroHK), AoroHHmb, aofohht, past AoruaJi, -rnajia, -raaJilo, -h to overtake^ J^oroHHTb y6eraK)mero neJiOBeKa. To overtake a fugitive. \\ fig. Oh AOJiro 6oJieJi, ho oh AoroHHT cboio rpynny. He was ill for a long time but he will catch up with the group. AOE 35 Aoivjr ^0E3H{A|TL, -K), -emb, -iot imp. ;; o Hero? J p. AoexaTb, AoeAly, -emb, -5^T to reach ^oexaxb 30 MocKBU. To reach Mos- cow. H AoexaJi ot Mockbm ao Jle- HHHrpaAa sa 8 nacoB. It took me 8 hours to get to Leningrad from Moscow. 06hhho oh AoeawaJi ao n,eHTpa Ha aBToCyce, a hotom meji nemKOM. He usually went to the centre by bus, and then walked. AOEXATb see A0E3HCATb ;^05KJi;JIHB|blfl, -an, -oe, bie rainy J\omji,JiuBaifi noroAa. Rainy weath- er. ^OJKAJIHBMH A^Hb. A rainy day. J\omjimiBoe JieTO. A rainy summer. ^OHC^jb m., gen. -fi rain Hagt jsflyKjih. It rains. IIpoJiHBHoH A0>KAb. Pouring rain. J^omj^b Jiber KaK H3 BeApa. It is raining cats and dogs. MeJiKHH oceHHHii aojka^. An autumn drizzle. IIoa ao^kagm- i^ the rain. J^OflTfl see /^OXOAHTb ;i;0KA3ATEJlbCTB0 neut. proof, evi- dence CyAbH TpeSoBaJi AOKaaaTejibcxB. The judge demanded proof(s). 30KA3ATb see Jl,0KA3blBATb Jl,0KA3bIBAlTb, -K), -enib, -k)t imp. HTO? KOMy?//?. AOKasaib, AOKa- mf, AOKa>Kenib, AOKa^Kyx to prove A KaK Bbi AOKajKexe, hto bm npa- Bbi? And how are you going to prove that you are right? ^OKaaaxb axo xpyAHO. It's difficult to prove that. JS,OKJlAjS, m. report HavHHbiH AOKJiaA- ^ scientific re- port. HHxepecHHH aokjisIa. An in- teresting report. CAGJiaxb AOKJiaA- To make a report. FoxoBHXb AO- KJiaA. To prepare a report. Toxo- BHXbCH K AOKJiaAy- To prepare for a report. J^OKTOP m., pi. -a 1. doctor. OnbixHbiH AOKXop. An experienced doctor. HaAO nosBaxb AOKXopa. A doctor must be called. rioHXH K AOKXopy. To go to a doctor. Bmxb y AOKXopa. To be at the doctor's. 2. doctor. ^OKXop nayK. A doctor (of science). AOKyMEHT m. 1. usu. pi. document. IIoJiyHHTb AOKyMeHxm. To get the docu- ments. 2. document. 3xo oneHb BaJKHHH AOKyMOHx. It is a very impor- tant document. HcxopHHCCKHH ao- KyMenx. An historical document. JlOJir m. 1. no pi. duty. 3xo moh aojif. It's my duty. BbinoJiHHXb cboh aojif. To do one's duty. 2. pi. jioJiTH debt. BsHXb A^HbrH B AOJir. To borrow money. Ot- Aaxb AOJir. To pay one's debt. HMexb AOJiFH. To be in debt. y Hero MHoro AOJiroB. He has a lot of debts. <> R 5biJi B AOJiry oepeA hhm. / was indebted to him. J^OJirO adv. for a long time ^oJiro JKAaxb. To wait for a long time. AOJIJKEH, AOJiJKHia, -6, -u 1. must. Mbi AOJi?KHBi MHoro pa66- xaxb. We must work a lot. BoJib- HaH A0Ji>KHa JiejKaxb b nocxeJin. The sick woman has to keep to her bed. H aoJUKCH nomri b Ma- rasiiH. / must go shopping. Mh saBxpa AOJi>KHLi SyAGM Bcxpe- XHXbCH. We shall hare to meet tomorrow. Oh AOJiJKen 6bixb 3Aecb B 2 Haca. He is to be here at 2 o'clock. 2. to owe. Tw MHe aoji^kgh 10 py6- Jieii. You owe me 10 roubles. JlfiM m., pi. -a house IIocxpoHXb AOM. To build a house. <> JJ^OM KyjibTypw. A house of cul- ture. JJ^oM OTAbixa. A rest-home. JI^OMA adv. FAG? at home PaSoxaxb AOMa. To work at home. R 6yAy AOMa b 6 nacoB Beqepa. I'll be home at 6 o'clock in the eve- ning. AOMAfflHIHfl, -na, -ee, -He 1. home. ^OMamuHH pa66xa. Home- work. ^oMamnee aaAauHe. A home-task. Jl^OMamuHH xejie^OH. A private telephone. 2. domestic. J^OMamuHe jKHBOxHbie. Domestic animals. J^OMOEt adv. KyAa? home Haxh aomoh. To walk home. Exaxb AOMOH. To go home. EocJie pa6dxu fl o6biHHO HAy AOMOH. After work I usually go home. J^OP 36 Apy aopOrA /. 1. road. ninpoKaH ^opora. A wide road. 2. way. IIoKaaaTb Aopory. To show the way. 3. journey. B ^opdre 6mjio seceJio. It was a merry journey. YcTaTb c floporn. To be tired after one's journey. <> HCeJiesHEfl Aopora. A railway. Hath CBoefi Aoporon. To go one's way. Ho Aopore. On the way. Ho ffopore flOMOH oh Kynaji raaexy. On ^ the way home he bought a newspa- per. J^OPOriOfl, -an, -6e,^ -me, short form Aopor, Aopora, floporjo, -h; adv. Aoporo; comp. AopoHte 1. expensive, dear. ^oporoH ko- CTiOM. An expensive suit, /^opo- ran Me6ejib. Expensive furniture. 2. dear. J^oporon flpyr. Dear friend. 3. cherished, dear. JJ^oipoTiie Bocno- MHHaHHH. Cherished recollections. JJ,0 CBHAAHHH see CBHAAHHE J^OCKA /., ace. AOCKy; pi. aockh, ao- coK, AOCKaM, etc. 1. board, ^y 66 Baa AOCKa. An oak board. 2. blackboard, nncaxb na AOCKe. To write on the blackboard. GTepexb c AOCKH. To clean the blackboard. <0> KjiaccHafl AOCKa. Blackboard. lIIaxMaTHafl AOCKa. Chessboard. JlocKA noqexa. Roll of honour. ^OCTAjBATb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. HTO? / /?. Aocralxb, -ny, -nerab, -nyx 1. Ao Her6? to reach. ^ocxaBaxb AO noxojiKa. To reach the ceiling. 2. to get, to take, ^ocxasaxb khh- ry c n6jiKH. To get a book from the shelf. Jl^ocxaBaxb nJiaxbe h3 niKa^a. To take a dress out of the wardrobe. 3. to get. ^ocxasaxb 6hji6xm b kh- HO. To get tickets for the cinema. ^OCTATOHHO 1. adv. enough. PaSoxaxb Aocxa- TO'THO AOJiro. To work long enough. 2. predic. impers. (it is) enough, that will do. Mee HHxaxb AaJib- nie? — Hex, Aocxaxoino. ''Shall I go on reading?-' ''No, that'll do." ;^OCTATb see AOCTABATb AOCTHPAlTb, -H), -enib, -iot imp. q e r 6? / />. AOCTHrnjyxb, -y, -enib, -yx & AocxM^b, AOCXHrnly, -emb, -yx, past Aocxar, -Jia, -Jio, -jih 1. to reach. AjibHHHHCXbi aocxhfjih BepmHHbi ropbi. The mountain climbers reached the top of the mountain. 2. to achieve, ^ocxnraxb 6ojibniHX ycnexoB. To achieve great success. JI[ocTumo npeKpacHux peayjibxa- xoB. To achieve splendid results. AOCTflrHYTb see ^OCTHPATb ^OCTHiixEHHE neut. achievement ^ocxHJKeHHH mhpob6h HayKH. The achievements of world science. JJ,OXOJlfiTh, AOXo>Ky, AOxoAHmb, ao- x6ahx imp. AO Koro? ao ne- t6?./ p. AOHlxM, -Ay, -Aemb, -AyT, /?as^Aonieji, AoniJi|a, -6, -h to reach, to go as far as ^OHxri AO yHHBepcHxexa. To reach the University. Ox yHHBepcHxexa ao o6in;e}KHXHH h Aomeji neniK6M. / walked all the way from the Uni- versity to the hostel. ^O^b /., gen., dat., prepos. AO^epn, ace. AOHb, instr. AO^epbio; pi. p,6- HepH, Ao^epeH, AO'iepaM, AOHepen, AOHepbMH (AO^epaMH), o AOiepax daughter MJiaAinaH AOHb. The youngest daugh- ter. CpeAHHfl AO^b. The middle daughter. Gxapman AOHb. The eld- est daughter. ^PEBHIHtt, -an, -ee, -ne ancient jQ^peBHHe Hap6Abi. Ancient peoples. ^peBHHH HcxopHfl. Ancient history. ^peBHHC naMHXHHKH apxHTeKxypu. Ancient monuments of architecture. J^P05K|ATb, -y, -limb, -ax imp. 1. to quiver. JiHCXbH ApoJKax na ;^epeBe. The leaves are quivering on the tree. 2. to tremble, to shiver, ^poj^axb ox xoJioAa. To shiver with cold. J^pojKaxb ox cxpaxa. To tremble with J ear. /^py^ m., pi. Apy3b3, Apyaea friend GxapwH APyr. An old friend. J\o- poroH Apyr. A dear friend. JIio- 611MUH Apyr. A very dear friend. Bepeue Apysbs. Faithful friends. ^ CxapbiM Apyr Jiy^rae hobux AByx (proverb). An old friend is flpy 37 EAH better than two new ones, /^py3bfl nosHaiOTCH b 6efle (proverb). Cf. A friend in need is a friend indeed. ;^py^|Ofl, -an, -de, -Me 1. different. Tu cxaji ;^py^I^M. yow'i;e become different. 2. other. yBHAHMCH b ^pyroH pas. We'll meet some other time. 3. used as n. other. Oahh nomjiii B KHHO, 3pyrHe — b xeaxp. Some went to the cinema, others to the theatre. <> Ha flpyroH ^OHb. The next day. Jl^vfWBX /., no pi. friendship BojiLmaH 7i;pyH{6a. A great friend- ship. ^p3'}K6a HapoAOB (or: MejKfly Hap6j];aMH). Friendship between peoples. 3Py5KflTB, ApyJKy, flpyJKHmi,, flpy- H{aT zm/?. c K e M? c h e m? to be friends flpyjKHTB c T0BapHn;aMH no hhcth- Tyxy. To be friends with one's fellow-students. ^Py^KHIblfl, -an, -oe, -He; adv. AP5^5KHO 1. friendly, united. /J^pyjKHafl ceMLH. -4 united family. JKhtb ji;pyH{HO. To live in friendship. 2. concerted. ^pymnaH pa66Ta. Team work. PaSdiaTb aPY^kho. To work as a team. J^^MAITb, -K), -emt, -lox imp. hto? o K6M?oHeM?&-|- inf./p. no^y- MajTB, -K), -eraB, -k)t to think 0 HeM TBI ;;yMaemB? What are you thinking about? Hto tbi ayMaeniB o6 BTOM? What do you think of thai? ^yMaio, HTO OH roBopHT npaB^y. / think he is speaking the truth. H AyMaio saHHTBCfl cnoproM. / am thinking of taking up sport. 3;yPAK m., gen. -a fool /^yiTB, -K), -emB, -iot imp. 1. to blow. G MopH Ayer Berep. A wind is blowing from the sea. 2. impers.: S^ecB ^y^T. There is a draught here. fly in m. shower IIpHHflTB j\ym. To take a shower. fly in A /., ace. Aj'my; pi. jiymu soul <> Xopomo Ha Ayrae. At ease. flejiaxb c flymoH. To put one's heart into something. IIoroBopHTb no AymaM. To have a heart-to-heart talk. no^Jiaro^apiiTb ot nymH. To thank from the bottom of one's heart, fly ma 65mecTBa. The life of the party. fl'yiUHIblfl, -an, -oe, -we; adv. jxyrnno 1. sultry. flymuBiH se^ep. A sultry evening. 2. adv., predic. impers. (to be) suf- focating. Mne AyniHO. / am suf- focating. flbIM m., no pi. smoke FycTOH AWM. Dense smoke. Her flhJMa 6e3 ornH (proverb). There's no smoke without a fire. flblXAHHE neut., no pi. breathing FjiydoKoe ^fcixaHHe. Deep breathing. flbllUATb, Awniy, jj^umiiuih, Abimax imp. 1. to breathe. TjiyCoKO AwinaxB. To breathe deep. flBimaxB noJi- HOH rpy^tK). To breathe deep. THmeJio ABimaTB. To breathe with difficulty. 2.: BaM Ha^o AbimaxB cBeJKUM bos- AyxoM. You must get fresh air. flUflH m. uncle E, e EFO poss. pron., indecl. his 9x0 ero nopx(|)eJib. This is his brief-case. 3xa KHiTxa ero. This book is his. EflA f., no pi. food BKycHaa e^a. Tasty food. EflBA 1. adv. nearly. Oh e^Ba ycneJi na ypoK. He was nearly late for his lesson. Ona e^Ba ne ycnyjia. She nearly fell asleep. 2. conj. hardly. EflBa oh BbimeJi Ha yjiHuy, KaK nanajicH aojkab. Hardly had he gone cut into the street when it began to rain. EflflHCTBEHHIblfl, -an, -oe, -Bie only EAHHCXBeHHUH CHH. An only son. EAHHCXBeHHBiH KocxioM. The only suit. EflflHCTBO neut. unity Eahhcxbo BsrJiHAOB. Unity of views. Eahhcxbo xedpHH h npaKXHKH. The unity of theory and practice. EAM 38 5KAJI E/^flH|bl(i, -an, -oe, -ue united, single EAHHaH BOJIH. A single will. Eah- HbiH HJiaH. A single plan. EE poKeAHeBHo daily EweAHeBHaH raaeia. A daily paper. EjKeAHeBHo AGJiaxb VTpeHHioK) 3a- pfl^Ky. To do p.t. exercises daily. E3mHTb, ->Ky, -;i;Hinb, -jj^ht imp. 1. to go. Ka>K;tuH aenb h e3>Ky B HHCTHiyT Ha xpaMBae. Every day I go to the Institute by tram. B npomjiOM roAy h esAHJi na KaBKas. Last year I went to the Caucasus. 2. to ride. H yMeio eaAHXb na bg- JiocHHeA^. / can ride a bicycle. EJI|KA /., gen. pi. -ok fir-tree B Jiecy MHoro ejioK. There are many fir-trees in the forest. <> HoBoroAHflH ejiKa. New Year tree. ECJIH conj. J. if. EcJiH fl He Sy^y Sojien, to oGflaaxejibHo npHAy b xeaTp. // / am not ill, I'll certainly come to the theatre. EcJiH xothtg, h paccKa>Ky Baivi. // you want, I'll tell you. EcjiH 6u h sHaji o6 3T0M paHbme, h 6bi He npHuieji. If I had known this earlier I should not have come. 2. whereas. Ecjih na ceBepe CTpanu o^eHb xoJiOAHo, to Ha lore >KapK0. Whereas it is very cold in the north of the country, it is very hot in the south. ECTf:CTBEHH|Mfl, -an, -oe, -ue, short form ecTecTBGH, ecTecTBeHH|a, -o, -bi; adv. ecTecTBeHHO 1. only complete form natural. EcTecTBGHHbie HayKH. Natural sciences. EcTecxBeHHUH (|)aKyjib- TCT. Natural science faculty. 2. natural. EcTecTBeHHoe JKeJiaHHe. A natural desire. ECTb^, CM, emb, ecT, e^viM, cahtc, caht; imper. emb, embxe, past eji, ejia imp. I p. cbecTb, cteM, cbemb, cbeCT, cbeAHM, CLBAHxe, cLeAHT to eat EcTL cyn. To eat soup. Xonerab ecTb? — /l,a, H oneub xony ecTb. ""Are you hungry?" ''Yes, I am very hungry." ECTb2 see BblTb EXATb, eAly, -euib, -yx; imper. noea- >KaH, HOCAeM, HoeaHtaHTe imp. k y- A a? H a q e M? to go ExaTb Ha napoxoAe. To go by ship. ExaTb Ha TpaMBae. To go by tram. ExaTb na noeaAe. To go by train. ExaTb Ha aBx66yce. To go by bus. IloeAeM Ha Mexpo! Let's go by the underground! ABToSyc SiJCTpo ejier. The bus is going fast. IlHOHepbi CAyT B Jiarepb. The Young Pioneers are going to camp. EmE adv. 1. more. JXame Mue emji xJie6a. Give me some more bread, fl xo- qy Kyniixb kocxfom h eme oahh raJicxyK. / want to buy a suit and one more tie. 2. still. Oh eme oqenb mojioa. He is still very young. 3. as much as. Oh yexaji en^e roA HaaaA. He left as much as one year ago. 4. still, y Hac erne mhofo speMeHH. We still have plenty of time. 5. still. Oh cTaA eu^e Ao6pee h Jiyqme. He became still kinder and better. H{AJl,H|blfl, -aH, -oe, -ue, short form waAen, HtaAHa, >KaAH|o, -m; adv. jKaAHO stingy JKaAHwii ^leJioBeK. A stingy person. HCAJl£|Tb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. / p. no>KaJie|Tb, -lo, -emb, -k)t 1. Koro? HTo? to pity. JKaJiexb peSeHKa. To pity a child. 2. o KOM? o HCM? or followed by conj. mo to be sorry. >Ka- jiexb 0 noxepHHHOM BpeMeHH. To be sorry for the time lost, fl ma.- jieio, Hxo He noexaJi na aKCKyp- CHK). / am sorry I did not go on the excursion. 3. H e r 6? to grudge. H{aJierb Aener. To grudge the money. HCAJIKO (HCAJIb) adv., predic. im- pers. KOMy? Koro? h x o? or H e r 6? HCAJI 39 H«EH 1. K 0 r d? ^ T 0? (to be) sorry. Mhg JKaJiKO tgSh. / am sorry for you. Mne jKaJiKO cecipy. / am sorry for my sister. HaM JKaJiKO nam CTapwii ji;OM. We feel sorry for our old home. Mne jKaJiKO noxe- pHHHoro BpeMGHH, I'm sorry for the time lost. 2. followed by conf . hto. JKaJiKO, HTO Tw He npHineji. It's a pity that you didn't come. 3. Hero? to grudge. Emj jKajiKo Aener. He grudges the money. JKAJIjOBATbCa, -yiocb, -yerabCH, -yiOTCfl jm/). H a Koro? na qxo? K 0 M y? Ip. no>Kaji|oBaTbcH, -yiocB, -yembCH, -yioiCH to complain JKajiOBaTbCfl na Cbma. To complain of one's son. H{AJIb see 5KAJIK0 5KAPEHlblfl, -an, -oe, -we fried, roast JKapenan KapioniKa. Fried pota- toes. }KapeHoe mhco. Roast meat. JKAPIHTB, -K), -limb, -ht imp. hto?/ p. nofliJKaplHTb, -K), -nmb, -ht to fry, to roast noA>KapHTb KapidmKy. To fry po- tatoes. JKapHTb Mflco. To roast meat. 5KAPK|HH, -aa, -oe, -ho; adv. >KapKo; com p. /Kapqe 1. hot. JKapKHH AeHb. A hot day. HfapKaH noroAa. Hot weather. HiapKoe Jiexo. A hot summer. 2. adv., predic. impers. (is) hot. Mne JKapKO. / am hot. Cero^HH oneHb jKapKO. It's very hot to- day. GxaJio eme JKapqe. It be- came still hotter. HCATb, JKMiy, -emb, -yx imp. h x o?/ p. no>Kaxb, no}KM|3% -emb, -yx to press, to squeeze IIo>Kaxb K0My-HH6y/i;i> pyny. To shake hands with somebody. HCmATb, -y, -emb, -yx, past jK^aJi, H^AaJia, m^,aJI\o, -h imp. k o r d? H X o? or Herd? 1. Kord? Hxo? to wait. /Kflaxb flpyra. To wait for a friend. >KAaxb cecxpy. To wait for one's sister. JK^axb xpaMBaH. To wait for a tram. 2. nerd? to expect. H^^axb nncb- Ma. To expect a letter. JK^axb ndMom;H. To expect help. >KE (5K) particle 1. emphatic particle: Hxd me xu MOJiHHmb? Why on earth are you silent? Hxd JKe mhb ^eJiaxb? What shall I do? Kxd me anaji, hxo no- rd^a H3MeHHXCH? Who could know that the weather would change? 2. exactly, very, just, etc. Y MeuH ecxb xaKaa me KHHra, KaK y xedfi. I've got an exactly the same book as you. Ko MHe npHXOAim xdx >Ke Bpan, Koxopwii npnxo- ;i;iiji K xe6e. / was attended by the same doctor as you. B xy we MHHyxy pasflajicH sBondK. At that very moment the bell rang. 5KEJIAHHE neut. wish y MeuH 6oJibmde TKeJianne yqiixb- CH. / am. eager to learn. 5KEJIA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -lox imp. ko- M y? »i e M y? nerd? or followed by inf./p. no>Kejia|xb, -lo, -emb, -lox to wish JKejiaio BaM cnacxbH, 3j],opdBbH h doJibmnx ycnexoB. / wish you liap- pifiess, good health and great suc- cess. Htejiaio BaM Bcerd Hanjiyq- mero, / wish you all the best. >Ke- Jiaio BaM xopomd ox^oxnyxb. / wish you a good rest, fl He JKCJiaio HHHerd cJiymaxb. / don't want to hear anything. 5KEJIE3H|blfl, -an, -oe, -bie 1. iron. }KeJie3HaH Kpwma. A met- al roof. >KeJie3HaH py^a. Iron ore. 2. fig. iron. /KeJiesHoe 3;^opdBbe. Strong health. >Kejie3HaH Bdjia. An iron will. <> >Ke.ie3Hafl aopora. Railway. JKEJIE30 n., no pl.^ iron B 3T0H pyAe MHoro JKCJiesa. There is much iron in this ore. G^eJiaTb Hxd-HH5yAi> H3 JKeJie3a. To make something out of iron. HEJITlbin, -an, -oe, -He yellow >KejixaH KpacKa. Yellow paint. >Keji- Xbiii HBex. Yellow colour. JKeJixoe nJiaxbe. A yellow dress. HCEHA /., pi. TKeubi wife Mori H^ena — Bpan. My wife is a doctor. HCEHATIblH, -bie; short form JKenax, -H (of men or of a married couple) married JKenaxMH hcjiobck. A married man. H He JKenax. I'm not married. ;keh 40 Hcyp HCEHflTbCH, jKeHiocB, weHHmLCH, me- HHTCH imp. & p. Ha K 6 M? to marry MoH Apyr JKeHHTCfl, My friend Is getting married. Oh HteHjiJiCH na KpacHBOH flGByniKe. He married a beautiful girl. p. also HOJKeHHTBCfl, sing, not used, pi. nojKeHHMCH, noHteHHxecb, uome- HHTCH to get married Ohh HOHteHPiJiHCb y>Ke ^aBHo. They married quite a long time ago. HCEHCKIHfl, -an, -oe, -ne woman's, women's JKeHCKan 66yBL. Women's footwear. MejKAyHapoAHfciH jKencKHH j^euh. International Women's Day. HCEHmHHA /. woman KpacHBaH HteHmnna. A beautiful woman. HCEPTBA /. 1. sacrifice. Blitb totoehm na jiio- 6ue JKepTBu. To be ready to make any sacrifices. npuHOCHTfc jKepiBLi. To make sacrifices. 2. victim. Butb (cxaTL) HiepxBOH. To be (become) a victim. JKECTKlHfl, -an, -oe, -ne wiry, hard }KecTKHe BoJiocBi. Wiry hair. >KecT- KHH ^HBan. A hard divan. <> 5KecTKiiH Baroii. Hard-seated railway carriage. HCECTOKIHH, -an, -oe, -ne 1. cruel. TKecTOKHH neJioBeK. A cruel person. 2. bitter, severe. H^ecxoKan 6opb6a. A bitter struggle. H^cctokhh 3a- KOH. A cruel law. H{EHb, JKry, jKJKemb, jKryx, past mer, >KrJi|a, -o, -h imp. Koro? H T 0? / jo. cjKe^b, cojKry, cojKJKemb, cowrvT, past cmer, coHtrJija, -6, -n 1. to burn. CJKe^b nncbMO. To burn a letter. TKe^h 6eH3HH, Kepocnn, yroJib, ApoBa. To burn petrol, paraffin, coal, firewood. 2. fig. to burn. Gojinne h^jkct. The sun is scorching. Mopoa mmeT JiHqo H pyKH. The frost bites the face and the hands. M11B\0VL, -an, -oe, -tie, short form H«HB, HfHBa, HtliB|0, -W, adv . WHBO 1. alive. 2. living. TKHBaH npHpoAa. Living nature. 3. fig. lively. JKhboh peSenoK. A lively child. JKhboh yM. Live- ly wit. 4. living. H\hb6h hbuk. A living language. <> ^HBbie n;BeTW. Natural flowers. HHBOT m., gen. -a stomach y MeHH 6oJiriT mwROT. I have a stomach-ache . H{HBOTH|OE neut., gen. -oro animal ^HKHe jKHBOTHue. Wild animals. JIjOMamHHe H^HBOTHbie. Domestic animals. HCflAKlHfl, -aa, -oe, -ne 1. liquid. JKiiAKoe tgjio. A liquid substance. 2. thin. }KiiAKHH cyn. Thin soup. JKn^KaH CMexana. Thin sour cream. HClSAKOCTB /. liquid Han(f^HHTb cocy;^ h^ijakoctbio. To fill a vessel with a liquid. H^nSHEHHIblfl, -an, -oe, -me life }Kpi3HeHHbiH OHHT. Life experience. 5KH3Hb /. life /Knaub qeJioBena. Man's life. }KH3Hb pacTeHHH. The life of plants. KaK BOBHHKJia >KH3Hb Ha ScMJIG? HoW did life appear on Earth? Thjkc- JiaH JKHBHb. A hard life. 06mecT- BeHHan mnsuh. Public life. <> ^eJiOBeK, nojiHbiu tkushu. A man full of vitality. Bonpoe h«h3hh h CMepxii. A matter of life and death. BbiTb MejKfly H{H3Hbio n cMepxbio. To be between life and death. ^flPHlblH, -an, -oe, -ue fat, rich ^ JKiipHoe Mflco. Fat meat. JKnpHHH cyn. Rich soup. HCliTEJIb m. inhabitant CeJibCKHH JKHxejib. A countryman. FopoACKOH jKHxeJib. A townsman. Ckojibko JKHxejieH b ropoAe? How manyXinhabitants are there in the town? HCHTb, >KHBly, -emb, -yx, past jkhji, jKHJia, >KHJi|o, -H imp. to live TKuTh AOJiro. To live long. JKnxb APyJKHo. To live peacefully. /Khxb xopomo. To live well, fl JKHBy b MocKBe. / live in Moscow. HiHXB cBoriM yMOM. To live by one's wits. JKnxb noA oahoh KpiimeH. To live under the same roof. HCyPHAJI m. magazine I 3A 41 3AB 3, 3 3 A prep. I. -j- instr. 1. behind, beyond. IIIyM 3a CTenofi. A noise behind the wall. 3a pe- KOH Jiec. There is a forest beyond the river. 2. at. CHflexb aa ctojiom. To sit at the table. 3. after. HflTii Apyr 3a ;i;pyroM. To go one after another. H 3a BaMH. / am after you. 4. at, 3a o6eAOM. At dinner. 3a saBxpaKOM. At breakfast. 5. for. IIocjiaTfc aa epaHOM. To send for the doctor. Vlj^Ta 3a xjie6oM. To go to buy some bread. 6. after. GMOTpexb sa peSenKOM. To look after a child. 7. out of, beyond. JKhxl 3a ropo- AOM. To live in the country (out of town). II. -\-acc. 1. behind, out of. IIocxaBHXB Kap- xHHy 3a mKa(|). To put a pic- ture behind the wardrobe. Bpo- CHXb hx6-jih6o 3a OKHo. To throw something out of the window. 2. at. Cecxb 3a cxoji. To sit down at the table. 3. by. B3Hxb Kor6-HH6yAb 3a pyKy. To take somebody by the hand. 4. before. 3a necKOJibKO jiue^ jio npnesAa xoBapHni;a. Some days before the friend's arrival. 5. in. BbinoJiHHXb pa66xy sa nefle- JiK). To do the work in a week. 6. for. BopoxbCH 3a Mnp, sa cbo66- ay. To fight for peace, for free- dom. 7. for. 3anJiaxiixb aa kocxiom. To pay for a suit. Kynnxb 3a 5 py6- Jien. To buy for 5 roubles. 8. to. noe3fl;Ka 3a ropoA. ^ t^^P io the country. 3ABACT0B1KA /., gen. pi. -ok strike 06'bflBHXb 3a6acx6BKy. To declare a strike. 3AB0JIEITL1, -K), -emb, -lox p. hcm? to fall ill 3a6ojiexb rpnnnoM. To fall ill with the 'flu. 3a6ojiexb anrHHOH. To fall ill with tonsillitis. 3ABOJIETb2, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. saSoJiiix, 3a6oJiHx p. to begin to ache y MeHH 3a6ojieJia rojiOBa. My head began to ache. 3AB0TA /. care 3a66xa o flpyre. Care for a friend. 3AB0|THTbCH, -qycb, -xHmbca, -xax- CH imp. o K 6 M? o ^eM? /j9. no- 3a66|THXbCH, -HyCb, -XHmbCH, -XHX- cfl to take care Maxb 3a66xHxcH o peSenKe. The mother takes care of her child. 3AB0TJlHBlblE[, -an, -oe, -me thought- ful, careful SadoxJiHBUH flpyr. A thoughtful friend. 3a66xJiHBoe oxnomeHne. A careful attitude. 3ABbIBA|Tb, -K), -emb, -rox imp./ p. aaSbixb, 3a63^A|y. -emb, -yx 1. KOro? HXO? o KOMPoqeM? or followed by conj. -^t o or by an inf. to forget. 3a6HBaxb Apyra. To forget one's friend. 3a6biBaxb o X0BapHni;e. To forget about one's friend. 3a6bixb npaBHJio. To forget a rule. H 3a6HJi, qxo ceroAHH coSpauHe. / forget there is a meeting today. He 3a6yAbxe KyuHXb SuJiexH. Don't forget to buy tickets. 2. H X 0 ? to leave. 3a6wxb sohthk b Mexpo. To leave one' s umbrella in the underground. SABb'ITb see SABblBATb 3ABEPH5^Tb see 3ABEPTbIBATb 3ABEPTbIBAiTb, lo, -emb, -lox imp. Koro? Hxo? / JO. 3aBepH|yxb, -y, -emb, -yx to wrap 3aBepHyxb MacJio b 6yMary. To wrap the butter in paper. SaBepniixe, no- JKaJiyiicxa. Wrap it up, please. 3ABECTH see 3AB0AiITb 3ABfl3|0BATb, -yio, -yemb, -yioT imp. K 0 M y? H e M y? / p. noaaBii- AloBaxb, -yio, -yemb, -yiox to envy Oh saBiiAyex Mne. He envies me. Oh saBpiAyex moitm ycnexaM. He envies me my success. 3ABfl|CETb, -my, -cnmb, -chx imp. ox Koro? ox Hero? to depend 3x0 saBHCHX ox Bac. It depends on you. 3ABflCHM0CTb /., no pi. depen- dence 3AB0j^ m. works, plant ABXOMoSflJIbHMH SaBOA- ^'^ ^"^^ 3AB 42 3AA works. nocxynpiTb iia aaBo^. To begin working at a plant. PaSoxaTb Ha 3aB6fl,e. To work at a plant. M^- Tii Ha saBOA To go to the plant. yHTii c saBOAa, To leave a plant. 3AB0J^lITb, saBOHcy, aaeoAHmb, aaBo- AHT imp. H T 0? / p. saBecTii, aaBe- Al3% -emb, -yx, past aaBeji, 3aBeJi|a, -6, -li to wind up 3aBecTii HacLi. To wind up a watch ( clock) .^ 3AB0lEBATb, -k)K), -loemb, -k)K)t p. H TO? 1. to conquer. BaBoeBaxb MHorne cipaHbi, To conquer many coun- tries. 2. fig. to win. BaBoeBaib ^oBepne. To win confidence. BaBoeBaxb yBameHHe ii JiioSoBb. To win respect and love. 3ABTPA adv. tomorrow 3aBTpa Sy^ex xopoman noro^^a. To- morrow the weather will be fine. O ]\o saeTpa! Till tomorrow! 3ABTPAK m. breakfast ITpiiroToBHTb saBxpaK. To prepare breakfast. 3a saBxpanoM. At break- fast. 3ABTPAKA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -lox imp. / p. no3aBxpaKa|xb, -lo, -emb, -lox to have breakfast Mm saBxpaKaeM b BoceMb nacoB yx- pa. We have breakfast at eight o'clock in the morning. 3ABTPAmH|Hn, -hh, -ee, -ne tomor- row's BaBxpamHHH 9KCKypcHH. Tomor- row's excursion. 3ABfl3ATb see 3ABH3bIBATb 3AB>l3bIBA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -lox imp. H X o?//>. 3aBH3axb, 3aBH}Ky, saBfi- HK- 6y. To start a friendship. 3ArAJ^|KA /., gen. pi. -ok riddle Baraga xb 3araAKy. To ask a riddle. 3ara;i;KH npiipoAM. The riddles of nature. 3xox neJiOBeK ^jih Mena 3a- ra^Ka. This man is a riddle to me. 3ArOBOP m. conspiracy, plot OpraHHSOBaxb saroBop. To hatch a plot. PacKpuTb saroBop. To discov- er a pldt. 3ArOPA|Tb, -K). -emb, -lox imp. I p. 3aroplexb, -k), -Hrab, -At to sun- bathe 3aropaxb na nJiajKe. To sun- bathe on a beach. Xopomo aaro- pexb. To get well sun-tanned. 3ArOPAlTbCfl, -K)cb, -erabcfl, -ioxch imp. /p. aaroplexbCH, -locb, -rimbcH, -HXCH 1. to catch fire. 3aropeJiCH fl;oM. A house was on fire. 2. fig. to burn. 3aropexbCH HteJia- HHeM. To burn with desire. Ero rjia3a 3aropeJincb pajiocxbio. His eyes began to sparkle with joy. 3ArOPETb see 3ArOPATb 3ArOPETbCH see SArOPATbCfl 3AJi;AlBATb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. hto? K o M y? / />. 3a;taxb, 3aAaM, 3aAamb, 3a,a^cx, 3aaaAHM, saAa^Hxe, aa^a- jiyT,past 3aAaji, 3a;i;aJia, 3a;];aJi|o, -ii 1. to give. 3aAaBaxb ypoK. To give some material to learn. 3afl;axb Ha AOM. To give a home-task. 2. to ask. Ba^axb Bonpoc. To ask a question. 3AAAHHE neut. task ^OMamnee 3a;^aHHe. A home-task. 3AJIATb see 3AAABATb 3AAAqA /. 1. task. O^epeAHbie sajiAmi. The immediate tasks. Sa^ana rocy- ;i;apcxBeHHOH BajKHOcxH. A task of state importance. 2. sum, problem. PemHXb 3aAa^y. To do a sum. To solve a problem. Banana c AByMfi HeH3BecxHbiMH. A problem with two unknowns. 3AJ^:^MATbCH see 3A3yMbIBATb- Cfl 3AAyMHHBlblfl, -aH, -oe, -me, short form 3aAyMHHB, -a, -o, -u; adv. sajiyumiBo pensive, thoughtful 3aityMHHBMH BH/^. A pensive look. 3aAyMHHBaH ;^eByraKa. A thoughtful girl. Oh 3aAyMHHB0 nocMOxpeJi na Hee. He looked at her thoughtfully. 3AJ^^MbIBAlTbCH, -locb, -erabCfl, -IOXCH imp. o^CM? na^^eM?/ p. saayMalxbCH, -locb, -embcH, -ioxch to think, to ponder 3aAyMaxbCH Ha^ cJiomnbiM Bonpo- COM. To ponder over a complex problem. 3aAyMaxbCH o cbocm Ap}'- re. To think about one's friend. 3AE 43 SAM 3AE35KAlTb, -lo, -erab, -iot imp. K KOMy? Kyfld? 3a kgm? aa HeM?//?. aaexaxb, saeAly, -emb, -yx to call (on, at) Saexaxb k xoBapnmy. To call on one's friend. 3aexaxb na no^xy. To call at the post-office. 3aexaxb b Ma- raai'iH sa KHHraMH. To call at the shop to get books. 3AEXATb see 3AE3HCATb SAHCEHb see SAHCHFATb 3A»«EMbCa see 3AH{HrATbCH 3AH(HrA|Tb, -lO, -enib,^ -k)X imp. H X 0? / /?. sajKe^b, 3a>Kry, sammeuih, aajKryx, past 3a>Ker, 3a>Krjila, -6, -u to light 3a>Keqb cnMHKy. To light a match. 3a>KeHb cBex. To switch on the light. 3AM{HrAiTbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -excH, -ioxch imp. / p. sajKe^bCfl, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. sammejca, 3a>KryxcH, past 3a>KerCfl, 3a>KrJilacb, -ocb, -ijcb to light CnMHKH He 3a>KHraioxcH. The matches won't light. Ha He5e 3a- HtrJiHCb 3Be3Abi, Stars appeared in the sky. SAflfll see 3AX0AflTb 3AKA3ATb see 3AKA3bIBATb 3AKA3bIBAiTb, -lo, -einb, -lox imp. H X 0? / p. 3aKa3axb, 3aKa}Ky, 3aKa- >Kemb, 3aKa>Kyx to book, to order Sanasaxb 6HJiexbi b xeaxp. To book tickets for the theatre. 3aKa3biBaxb o6e;5. To order dinner. 3AKAHHHBA|Tb, -lo, -erab, -rox imp. Hxo? / /). saKOH^lHXb, -y, -Hmb, -ax to finish SaKonqnxb pa66xy. To finish work. 3AKAHHHBA|TbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -excH, -ioxch imp. I p. 3aK6HH|HxbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -hxch, -axcH to end CoGpanne 3aK6HqHJiocb OHenb n63A- HO. The meeting ended very late. 3AKAT m. sunset HpKHH 3aKax. A bright sunset. 3a- Kax coJiHua. Sunset. 3AKJIH)HA|Tb, -K), -erab, -lox imp. H X o?/p. 3aKJiK)HlHXb, -y, -nrab, -ax to conclude 3aKJiK)HHXb MHp. To make peace. 3aKJiK)qHXb ^oroBop. To conclude a treaty. 3AKJIK)HHTb see 3AKJIH)HATb 3AK0H m. law SaKOH npHpoAM. A law of nature. 3aK6Hbr pasBHXHH 65ra;ecxBa. The laws of development of society. IIpH- HflXb 3aK6H. To adopt a law. 3AK0HHHTb see 3AKAHHHBATb 3AK0HHHTbCH see SAKAHHH- BATbCH 3AKPHH|ATb, -y, -iirab, -ax p. to shout rpoMKO 3aKpHHaxb. To shout loudly. 3AKPbIBAlTb, -K), -erab, -lox imp. Hxo? J p. 3aKpbixb, 3aKp6|io, -emb, -lOX 1. to close. 3aKpwBaxb okho. To close a window. 3aKpHXb ^Bepb Ha KJiK)H. To lock the door. 3a- KpiJBaxb xexpa^b, Kunry, aJib66M. To close the copy-book, the book, the album. 3aKpbixb rJiasa. To close one's eyes. 2. fig. to close. SaKpbixb co6paHHe. To close the meeting. 3AKPb'ITb see 3AKPbIBATb 3AKyPflTb, sanypK), 3aKypHrab, 3a- Kypnx p. ^ X 0? to light 3aKypHXb nannpocy. To light a cigarette. 3AJI m. hall 3prixejibHbm 3aJi. An auditorium. GnopxHBHbiH 3aJi. A sports hall. AKxoBbiH 3aJi. An assembly hall. HnxaJibHWH 3aJi. A reading hall. 3a Ji saceAaHHH. Convention hall. SAMEHHTb see 3AMEHHTb 3AMEHH|Tb, -K), -erab, -lox imp. H X 0? q e M? / JO. 3aMeraixb, 3aMeHK), 3aMeHHrab, 3aMeHHX to replace SaMCHiixb cxapyio Aexajib hoboh. To replace an old part by a new^ one. 3aMeHHXb ypoKH xhmhh ypoKaMii pyccKoro H3biKa. To substitute Russian lessons for chemistry lessons. 3AMEP3AlTb, -k), -erab, -lox imp. I p. 3aMep3H|yxb, -y, -erab, -yx, past 3aMep3, 3aMep3Jila, -o, -h to freeze H 3aMep3aio ox xoJiOAa. / am freez- ing from the cold. PeKa 3aMep3Jia. The river has frozen. 3AMEP3HyTb see 3AMEP3ATb & MEPSHYTb 3AMETHTb see 3AMEHATb 3AME^IAHHE neut. remark CnpaBeAJiHBoe saMe^aHHe. A fust remark. CfleJiaxb saMe^aHHe KOMy- 3AM 44 3An -jih6o hjih no noBOAy Her6-JiH6o. To make a remark to somebody or on something. 3AMEHATEJIbHlblH, -an, -oe, tie wonderful 3aMeiaTeJibHEJH noax namero spe- MeHH. A wonderful poet of our time. SaMe^axeJibHEiu ropo^;. A wonder- ful city. 3AMEHA|TI>, -lo, -enib, -k)t imp. ko- to? H T o?/p. 3aMe|TiiTb, -Hy, -THnib, -TAX 1. to notice. Ha yjiHi^e h aaMexHJi xoBapiima. In the street, I noticed a friend. H saMexHJi, hxo oh ycxaji. / noticed that he was tired. 2. to remark. «3xo HenpaBAa», — aaMexHJi oh. ''That's not true," he remarked. 3AM|0K m., gen. -Ka lock 3anepexb na aaivioK. To lock. 3AM0JI4|ATb, -y, -itmb, -ax p. to become silent yneHHK aaMOJiHaJi. The pupil be- came silent. SAMYHC adv. Bhhxh 3aMy>K. To marry (of women only). Ona Bwmjia aa Hero aaMyjK. She married him. 3AMy5KEM adu. BuTh aaMymeM. To be married (of women only). Bbi aaMyjKeivi? — Hex, H He 3aMy>KeM. ,,Are you married?" ''No, I am not." Ona SbiJia aa- MyweM. She was married. 3AHHMA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -k)x imp. Hxo?//?. aaHHxb, 3aHM|y, -emb, -yx 1. to occupy. Gxaj^HOH sannMaex 100 reKxapoB. The stadium oc- cupies 100 hectares. 2. to take. GnopxcMeH saHHJi nep- Boe Mecxo. The sportsman took the first place. 3. to take. BaKHMaiixe Mecxa. Take your seats. 4. to take. PemeHHe sa^a^H sann- Jio 4 Haca. The solution of the problem took 4 hours. 5. to occupy. BoHCKa aannjin ropo;^. The troops occupied the town. 3AHHMA|TbCH, -locb, -embcH, -loxca imp. r A e? ^ e m? 1. to study. BaHHMaxbCfl b 6h6jiho- xeKe. To study at a library. Mndro saHHMaxbCfl. To study a lot. 2. to go in for. SauHMaxbCH cndp- xoM. To go in for sport. 3aHHM4xbCH MyauKOH, jiHxepa- xypoH. To go in for music, literature. 3AHHTHE neut. 1. occupation. EoJieaHoe aanaxHe. A useful occupation. 2. only pi. lessons. Bbixb na aaHH- XHflX. To be at the lessons. 3AHflT|blB[, -an, -oe, -ue, short form saHHx, aaHHxa, aannxlo, -h 1. taken. 3xo Mecxo aannxo? Is this seat taken? 2. busy. H cer6;^HH aauHX. / am busy today. 3AHIlTb see 3AHHMATb 3A0HH|blH, -an, -oe, -me; adv. aaoH- HO by correspondence BaoHHoe oSyneuHe. Teaching by corr^pondence. BaoHHMii HHCxnxyx, A correspondence institute. Vqiixb- CH aaoHHO. To study by correspond- ence. 3AnA/( m. 1. west. G BocxoKa na aana^. From east to west. 2. west. Ha aana^e cxpaHbi. In the west of the country. 3AnAJ^H|blfl, -aa, -oe, -ho west(ern) Bana^HbiH Bexep. A west wind. 3a- naAHoe nojiymapne. The western hemisphere. BAHAX m. smell npmixHbiH aanax. A pleasant smell. Banax i;Bex6B. The smell of flow- ers. 3AnHCATb see BAnflCblBATb 3AnnC|KA /., gen. pi. -ok 1, note. Hanncaxb sanncKy. To write a note. 2. only pi. transactions. yneHwe aanticKH ynnBepcHxexa. The transactions of the University. 3AnflCbIBA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. Hx 0? / p. aanncaxb, aannmy, aanii- memb, aannmyx 1. to write down. BaniicmBaxb JieK- n;HK). To take down notes of a lecture. 2. to record. BanwcHBaxb roJioc na njiCHKy. To record somebody's voice. 3AnJIAKATb see nJlAKATb BAHJIATfiTb see njIATflTb 3An 45 3AH 3AnOMHHA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -iot imp. Koro? qTo? / jD. sanoMHlHTb, -lo, -Hmb, -HT to remember SanoMHHTb HOMep flOMa. To remem- ber the number of a house. SanoM- HHxe 3T0 CJIOBO, Remember this word. SAllOMHHTb see 3AnOMHHATb 3AnPETHTb see 3AnPEIU;ATb 3AnPEmAlTb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. q T 0? K o M y? -|- inf. I p. aanpelxHTb, -my, -Tiimb, -THT to forbid, to pro- hibit BpaH sanpeTHJi eM}^ KypHTb. The doctor forbade him to smoke. 3AnPEmEHHE neut. prohibition 3APABATbIBA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -iot imp. H T 0? I p. 3apa66Ta|Tb, -lo, -emb, -IOT to earn 3apa6dTaTb mhofo Aener. To earn a lot of money. 3APAB0TATbi see 3APAB ATblBATb 3APAB0TATb2 to begin working Mamnna 3apa6dTa.Tia. The machine began working. 3APnJIATA /. ( = sapaSoTHaa njiara) salary, wages BucoKafl sapnjiaTa. A high salary (high wages). HnsKan sapnjiara. A low salary (low wages). IIoJiyHHTb sapHjiary. To get one's salary (wages). 3ACJiy3KHBAITb, -lo, -emb, -k>t imp. HTO?//?. aacjiyjKHTb, aacjiy- >Ky, sacjiyn^nmb, 3acjiyH«aT 1. to deserve. BacjiyjKtTTb narpa^y. To deserve a reward. 2. to win. YHHTejib sacjiyjKHji jiio- SoBb y^eHHKOB. The teacher won the love of his pupils. 3ACJiy5KllTb see 3ACJiyaCHBATb 3ACME|flTbCH, -locb, -embcn, -iotch p. to begin to laugh rpoMKO 3acMeHTbCH. To begin to laugh loudly. 3ACH^Tb see 3ACbmATb 3ACTABHTb see 3ACTABJI}lTb 3ACTABJI>!|Tb, -lo, -emb, -k)t imp. K 0 r 6? q t o? -f- inf. / p. sacTalBMTb, -BjiK), -BHmb, -BHT to make 3acTaBHTb paSoxaTb. To make (some- body) work. 3ACbinAITb, -K), -emb, -iot imp./ p. 3acH|yTb, -y, -emb, -yT Oh sacbinaeT 6MCTpo. He falls asleep quickly. KoFAa th BHepa sacnyji? When did you fall asleep yesterday? 3ATEM adv. 1. then. GnaHaJia a noujjj b 6h6- JiHOTCKy, a 3aTeM b khho. / shall first go to the library and then to the cinema. 2. for (or translated by inf.). Oh no3BOHMji 3aTeM, HTOObi ysHaxb, KaK H ce6a nyBCTByio. He called up to learn how I felt. 3AT0 con J. but 3to HeBKycHO, aaxo nojie3Ho. It's not tasty, but it's good (for you). 3AXBATHTb see 3AXBATbIBATb 3AXBATblBAlTb, -lo, -emb, -iot imp. H t 0? / /?. saxBaTPiTb, 3axBa- Hy, saxBariimb, saxBarar to seize 3axBaTHTb nyjKue 3eMJiH. To seize somebody else's land. 3AX03flTb, saxoHty, aaxo^Hmb, sa- xojxaT imp. k KOMy? KyAa? 3 a K e M? 3 a H e M? /p. 3aHTiJ, aaiiAly, -emb, -yr, past aameji, 3amji|a, -6, -n 1. to call. SaiiTii b focth k ^py- ry. To call on a friend. Saiixii b MaraaHH 3a KHiiraMH. To call at a shop to buy books. 2. to set. CoJiHue 3ax6AHT. The sun is setting. 3AX0TETb see XOTETb 3AHEM adv. what for, why 3aHeM BM npnexajiH b Mockbv? What did you come to Moscow for? H He 3Haio, 3aHeM oh npnxoAHJi. / don't know why he called. 3AmflTA /., no pl.^ 1. defence. SamiiTa ropoAa, npaB. The defence of a city, rights. 2. defence. SamnTa AHCcepTaumi. The defence of a thesis. 3AIIi;HTflTb see 3AIH.HmATb 3AmHin;AITb, -K>, -emb, -iot imp. Kor6?HTo?OT Koro? ot He- ro? / p. 3am;HlTHTb, -my, -Tiimb, -THT 1. to defend. 3amHmaTb ropoA ot Bpara. To defend the city from the enemy. Samnmarb CBOii npa- Ba. To defend one's rights. 3a- mnmaTb CBOK) TOHKy spenHa. To defend one's point of view. 2. to defend. 3amHmaTb AHCcepTa- HHK). To defend one's thesis. 3AHBflTb see 3AHBJI}lTb 3AaBJIEHHE neut. 1. declaration. 3aaBJieHHe npaBii- TBJIbCTBa 0 nOJIOJKCHHH B CTpaHC. 3Afl 46 3EJI A government declaration on the situation in the country. 2. application. HaniicaTt saHBJie- HHe Ha iiMH AHpeKTopa. To write an application to the director. 3AHBJlH|Tb, -K), -enih, -iot imp. H T 0? K o M y? o H e M? / p. 3a- flBiiTb, 3aHB-iK), aaHBHrab, aaflBHT to announce IIpaBiiTejibCTBo BaHBiijio o6 ycxa- HOBJieHHH ^HnJlOMaTPWeCKHX OTHO- meHHH c 3T0H CTpanoH. The goi^ern- ment announced the establishment of diplomatic relations with this country. 3BATb, bobI}', -enib, -yx, past bbrji, -a, -0, -H imp. I p. noBBaxL, noao- B|y, -emb, -yx, past nosBaJi, no- 3Bajia, noBBajiIo, -h 1. Koro? H X 0? to call. Maxb noBBajia peSenKa oGe^axb. The mother called the child to dinner. HoBOBiixe cecxpy k tquq^ouw. Call your sister to the telephone. 2. no p. to be called. Kan Bac bo- Byx? — MeHJi BOByx Bopric (Bo- piicoM). ''What is your name?" "■My name is Boris." 3BE'SJ\\ /., pi. BBeaAbi 1. star. HpKaR aBe3;;a. A bright star. Ha He6e oAHa BBCBAa. There is one star in the sky. 3a>Krjiiicb BBeB^bi. Stars began to show. 2. fig. star. BseBAa BKpana (khho- BBeBAa). A film star. 3BEH|ETb, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -vix, -flx imp. to ring Bbghiix bbohok. The bell is ring- ing, rdjioc ee BBeneJi KaK kojio- KOJibHHK. Her voice rang like a bell. 3BEP|b m., gen. pi. -eii beast Xhiahmh BBcpb. A beast of prey. JJ^uKne BBepii. Wild beasts. 3B0H|flTb, -K), -Hiub, -ax imp. k o- My? / /?. nOBBOHJllXb, -K), -HUIb, -HX 1. no p. to ring. 3bohhx xejie^OH. The telephone is ringing. 2. K 0 M y? to ring up. fl hobbo- HHn BMy no xejie^ony. / rang him up. 3B0HK|nn, -an, -oe, -ne ringing 3b6hkhh roJioc, A ringing voice. BBOHKafl necHH. A ringing song. 3BOH|0K m., gen. -Ka 1. bell. H najKaJi na KHOUKy bboh- Ka. / pressed the button of the bell. 2. bell. Pa3;tajicfl xpexnii bbohok. The third bell rang. 3ByK m, 1. sound. CxpaHHUH BsyK. A strange sound. 3ByK rdjioca. The sound of a voice. 2. sound. CorjiacHMH (r.iacHbiH) BByK. A consonant (vowel) sound. 3;^AHHE neut. building Bojibmoe aAanne. A large building. Cxapoe BAanne. An old building. 3AaHHe xeaxpa. The theatre building. 3^ECb adv. 1. r^e? here. Mm dy^eM >khxi> 3/i,ecb. We shall live here. 3fl,ecb Bce CBOii. There are no strang- ers here. 2. fig. 3Aecb Hex Hnnero njioxoro. There is nothing bad in this. 3^OP0BAlTbCH, -locb, -embcn, -ioxch imp. c KGM? /p. noBAopoBalxbCfl, -locb, -embCfl, -loxcH to greet Oh He noBAopoBa.iCH c HaMii. He didn't greet us. 3JliOPOB|bTH, -an, -oe, -bie, short form BAopoB, -a, -0, -u. 1. healthy. 3Aop6BLm peoenoK. A healthy child. Oh coBceM BAopoB. He is quite healthy. 2. only complete form healthy. SAopoBbiH bha. a healthy look. 3Aop6BbiH oxAHX. Healthy rest. <> ByAb(Te) 3Aop6B(fai)! Good-bye f 3Ji;0P0BbE n. health Xoponiee BAopoBbe. Good health. KpenKoe BAopoBbe. Strong health. y Hero cjia6oe BAopoBbe. His health is weak. KaK Bame BAopoBbe? How are you? Bepe^b BAopoBbe. To take care of one's health. <> 3a same aAoposbe! To your health! Ha SAopOBbe! To your pleas- ure! 3;i;PABCTByfl(TE) [BApacxByiiTe] How do you do. Good morning. Good afternoon. Good evening. Hello! 3EJlEH|blfl[, -an, -oe, -He 1. green. 3eJieHafl xpasa. Green grass. 3eJieHUH i;Bex. Green col- 3EM 47 3HA 2. green. SeJienwe 6boiu;h. Green vegetables. 3eJieHHe hSjiokh. Green apples. 3EMJIH /., ace. 3eMJiK); pi. seuJiu, seMeJib, seMJiHM, etc. 1. no pi. Earth. GeMJia BpamaexcH BOKpyr CBOeH och. The Earth revolves on its axis. 2. land. IIJiOAopojiHaH seMJiH. Fer- tile land. SeMJiH — c66cTBeH- HOCTb Hapo^a. The land belongs to the people. 3. ground. VnacTt na seMJiio. To fall to the ground. 4. land. «3eMJifll» — sanpHqaji Mar- poc. ''Land!" the sailor shouted. 3EPKAJI0 neut., pi. aepnajia, aepKaji, sepnajiaM, etc. looking-glass CMOTpeTB(cH) B sepKaJio. To look (at oneself) in a looking-glass. 3EPH0 neut., pi. aepna, sepen, sep- HaM, etc. grain IlnieHMHHoe aepno. A grain of wheat . 3HMA /., ace. 3imy, pLsuMU. winter CypoBan, xojioAHaH 3HMa. A hard, cold winter. BcK) ariMy ctohjih mo- posH. The frosts lasted the whole winter. 3flMH|Hfl[, -HH, -ee, -ne winter Shmhhh ASHb, A winter day. 3nM- Hee najibTO. A winter coat. 3hm- HHH cnopT. Winter sports. 3HM0H adv. in winter 3hm6h b MocKBe xoJioflHo. It is very cold in Moscow in winter. 3Jl\0V[, -as, -6e, -tie, short form 30JI, BJia, 3JI0, 3JIW 1. wicked, malicious, vicious. 3jioh HeJiOBeK. A wicked man. 3Ji6e JiHii;6. A wicked face. 2. hard. 3jioh Mopoa. A hard frost. 3. angry. KaK h 30J1I How angry 1 ami 3MEII /., pi. 3MeH, 3MeH snake HflOBHTaH 3MeH. A venomous snake. 3HAK0|MHTbCfl, -MJiiocb, -MHuibCH, -MHTCfl imp. c KeM?c HeM?/ p. n03HaK6|MHTbCH, -MJIIOCb, -MHIDb- CH, -MATCH 1. to make acquaintance. 3HaK6- MHTbCH C HOBMMH JIIOAbMH. To meet new people. 2. to get to know. 3HaK6MHTLCH c r6po;;oM. To get to know a city. 3HAK0M|blfl, -an, -oe, -we, short form BHaKOM, -a, -0, -m 1. familiar. 3HaK6MaH KHPira. A familiar book, fl BHanoM c hhm. He is an acquaintance of mine. 2. used as n. acquaintance. Oh moh BHaKOMLiH. He is an acquaintance of mine. Ona moh BHanoMan. She is an acquaintance of mine. Oahh moh BHaKOMHH CKasaji MHe, HTO... An acquaintance of mine told me that... 3HAMEHHT|bm, -an, -oe, -He, short form BHaMeHHT, -a, -o, -li famous, celebrated 3HaMeHiiTHH KOMnosHTop. A fa- mous composer. SHaMeHMTBiii xy- goJKHHK. A celebrated artist. 3HAMH neut., gen., dat., prepos. BHa- MeHH, ace. BHaMH, instr. 3HaMeHeM; pi. BHaMena, BHaMCH banner SnaMH CBoGoAbi. The banner of freedom. 3HAHHE neut. knowledge 3HaHHe — ciiJia. Knowledge is pow- er. FjiySoKHe SHauHH. Profound knowledge. Hpo^Hbie BHaHHH. Solid knowledge. OBJia^eBaxb SHannHMH. To gain knowledge. 3HA|Tb, -10, -emb, -iot imp. k 0 r 6? H T O? 0 K 6 M? 0 H e M? 1. to know. H BHaio btofo nejioBe- Ka. / know that man. Xopomo BHaxb cTpany. To have a good knowledge of a country. 2. to know. 3HaTb pyccKnii hbwk. To know Russian. 3. to know. 3HaTb 06 OT-BeBAC To know about one's departure. H BHaio, HTO OH 66jieH. / know that he is ill. H BHaio, r^e oh >kh- BCT. / know where he lives. H BHaio, Ky^a oh nomeji. / know where he went. H ne BHaio, Kor- jxk OH BepneTCH, / don't know when he will come back, fl ne BHaio, HOieMy ero Hex. / don't know why he is not here. 3HAHfiHHE neut. 1. meaning. 3to cjiobo HMeex mho- ro 3HaHeHHH. This word has many meanings. 2. importance. Cnopx HMeex or- poMHoe SHaneHHe flJIH BAOpoBbH. Sport is of great importance for health. 3HA 48 HAT 3HAHlHTb, 1st & 2nd pers. rarely used, 3rd pers. -ht, -ax imp. h t o? to mean Hto 3HaqHT 9T0 CJIOBO? What does this word mean? 3x0 HH^ero He 3HaHHT. It means nothing. 3HAH|0K m., gen. -Ka badge yHHBepcHTeTCKHH 3HaH0K. A uni- versity badge. Sna^oK Typiicxa CCCP. The badge of tourist of the USSR. 06MeHHBaxbCH BHaHKawH. To exchange badges. 30JI0T0 neut., no pi. gold Hhcxob sojioxo. Pure gold. J[o6u- Baxb SOJIOXO. To mine gold. 3anjia- xiixb aoJioxoM. To pay in gold. <0> He Bce to sojioxo, hto Sjibc- THT (proverb). All that glitters isn't 0old. 30JI0T|0fl, -an, -6e, -ue gold 1. gold. BoJioxaH MOHexa, A gold coin. SoJioxbie nacu. A gold watch. 2. fig.: 3oJiox6fi ^eJioBeK. A won- derful man. O Sojioxafl cepBAHna. The golden mean. 30HTHK m. umbrella PacKpiixb BOHXHK. To open an um- brella. 3PEHHE neut. eyesight Xoporaee apeHne. Good eyesight. <>• To^Ka speHHfl. A point of view. C TO^iKii apennfl Kor6-JiH5o. From somebody's point of view. 3PflTEJIb m. spectator TeaxpaJibHWH spiixejib. A theatre- goer. B aaJie mhofo apHxejieii. There are many spectators in the hall. 3PH adv. for nothing 3pH xpaxHXb BpeMH. To waste time. 3pH roBopiiXb. To speak to no purpose. 3pH ne CecnoKOHxecbl Don't worry unnecessarily/ 3yB m., pi. 3j'6bi, 3y66B tooth y Meiia SoJiHx 3y6Li. Fve got a toothache. <> FoBopHTb (cKaaaTb) ckbosb aySbi. To speak through clenched teeth. n, H H conf. and Maxb H oxen,. Mother and Father. Mu roBopiiM no-pyccKH h no-anr- JiHHCKH. We speak Russian and English. EomeJi ji,omjxh, h mh ne noexajiH 3a ropo^. It began to rain and we didn't go to the country. HPOJIIKA /., gen. pi. -ok needle JX&u MHe nrojiKy c htixkoh. Give me a needle and some thread. FpaMMO- ^OHHaa nroJiKa. A gramophone needle. HroJiKH na ejiKe. Fir needles, HFPA /., pi. nrpbi game; playing 1. HnxepecHan nrpa. An interest- ing game. HacxojibHafl nrpa. A table game. 2. Mrpa na CKpHnKe. Playing the violin. 3. Hrpa b $yx66ji. Playing foot- ball. nrpAlTB, -10, -emb, -kdx imp./ p. cut- pajxb, -K), -emb, -lox 1. to play. ^exH nrpaiox b napKO. Tl^e children are playing in the park. R nrpaio c 6paxoM. I play with my brother. 2. b 0 H X 6? to play. Hrpaxb b 6acKex66ji, b (|)yx66Ji, b BOJien- 66 Jr, B maxMaxH. To play bas- ket-ball, football, volley-ball, chess. 3. Ha HeM? to play. Hrpaxb na OHaHHHO, Ha CKpiIHKe, Ha TH- xape. To play the piano, the violin, the guitar. 4. H X 0? to play. Hrpaxb Bajibc. To play a waltz, k o r 6? Hr- paxb Bopiica FoAyHOBa. To play Boris Godunov. <> 3to iirpaex Gojibinyio pojib. It's of great importance . 3x0 lie nrpaex pojiii. It's of no importance. HFPyjUlKA f.,gen. pi. -en toy J],excKHe nrpymKH. Children's toys. HAEH /. 1. idea. EepeAOBwe hack namero BpeMeHH. Advanced ideas of our time. 2. idea. Hach npoH3BeAeHHH. The idea of a literary work. HJ^iTfl, -y, -emb, -yx, past meji, mji|a, -0, -H imp. 1. Ky^a? oxKy^a? to go. H^xh B pecxopaH. To go to a restau- rant. Haxh Ha HOHxy. To go to the post-office. Hath h3 xeaxpa AOMOH. To go home from the theatre. Hath k 6paxy. To go to one's brother. Haxh Sticxpo. H3 49 H3M To go quickly. \\ji,TU neniKoM. To walk. 2. to go. Hath ryjiHTB. To go for a walk, fl HAY b khho. / am going to the cinema. 3. to go. IIoeaA H^ex GwcTpo. The train is going fast. 4. to go. ^opora hagt jigcom. The road goes through a forest. 5.: ^acLi H^yT xopomo. The watch (clock) keeps good time. 6.: H^eT aojkab. It is raining. VLj^ot CHer. It is snowing. Hjjjqt rpa^. It is hailing. 7.:KaK H^yT j^ejia? How are things? >KH3Hb HABT. Life goes on. Bpe- Mfl HAGT. Time is passing. Pa- 66Ta H^eT. Work is in progress. 8. to be on. CeroAHfl b Teaxpe h^St HOBaff nbeca. There is a new play on at the theatre, today. 9. to become. 3to njiaxbe BaM HAex. This dress becomes you. IO.iIIaxh k n;eJiH. To try to achieve one's goal. <> Hath Ha bcc. To go to any length. He hact h3 yMa («it6-:ih6o). Not to be able to get (something) out of one's head. rojiOBa iiagt KpvroM. My head is in a whirl. H3 (H30) prep. -^ gen. 1. out of. BbmxH H3 KOMHaxH. To go (come) out of the room. Bbiexaxb H3 ropoAa. To drive out of the town. 2. from. lOnoma na A$phkh. A youth from Africa. 3. of. HeKOXopwe hb Hac. Some of us. Oahh H3 cxyAGHXOB. One of the students. 4. (made) of. Kocxiom h3 mepcxn. A woollen costume. H3BECTHE neut. 1. news. IIpnHXHoe n3BecxHe. Pleasant news. 2. news. IIocjieAHHe HSBecxna. The latest news. H3B£CTH|blH, -an, -oe, -bie, short form H3BecxeH, H3BecxH|a, -o, -bi; adv. H3BecxH0 well-known H3BecxHBiH yneHWH. A well-known scientist. 3x0 Bceivi nsBecxno. Every- body knows that. H3BHHflTB see H3BHHIlTb H3BHHHTbCH see H3BHHHTbCH 4—4002 H3BHHIl|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. ko- to? / />. H3BHH|lixb, -K), -limb, -HX to excuse H3BHHMxe MeHH, HOJKajiyficxa. Ex- cuse me, please. H3BHH}JlTbCH, -locb, -embcn, -loxca imp. I p. H3BHH|HXbCH, -lOCb, -Hmb- CH, -axcfl to apologise Oh H3BHHHjicfl nepeAO mhoh aa AOJiroe MOJinaHHe. He apologised to me for his long silence. H3J1|AJIEKA adv. from far away npnexaxb nsAajieKa. To come from far away. H3-3A prep, -j- gen. 1. from behind. H3-3a .neca rioKa- aajiacb Jiyna. The m^on came out from behind the forest. 2. from. Bcxaxb H3-3a cxojia. To get up from the table. 3- because of. H3-3a ao?ka» mli ne noexaJiH na nporyjiKy. Because of the rain we didn't go for a drive. H3MEHEHHE neut. change H3MeHeHHH B >KH3HH. Changes in life. HaMGHeHHe b pacnncaHnH. A change in the time-table. B cxpaiie npoH3omjiH Sojibmiie ii3MeHeHiiH. Great changes have taken place in the country. H3MEHflTb see H3MEHHTb H3MEHIiTbCfl see H3MEHHTbCH & MEHHTbCH H3MEH>l|Tb, -10, -emb, -lox imp. / p. H3MeHHXb, H3MeHl6, II3MeHHmb, iiaMeHHX 1. H T 0? to alter. HaMeHwxb njian. To alter a plan. 2. K o M y? H e M y? to betray, to be unfaithful. HaivieHMTb cxpane. To betray one's country. HaMennxb TKene. To be unfaithful to one's wife. H3MEHHlTbCH, -locb, -embca, -lox- CH imp./ p. HaMennxbCfl, H3MeHi6cb, H3MeHHmbCH, HaMeHHXCH to change HaMeuHJiCfl bha ropoAa. The ap- pearance of the city has changed. Bbi oneHb H3MeHiiJiHCb. You've changed a lot. (cf. MEHHXbCH) H3MEPHTb see H3MEPHTb H3MEPHlTb, -lo, -emb, -lox imp. H X 0? /p. H3Mep|HXb, -K), -Hmb, -HT to measure HaMepnxb JiJiauy KoMHaxH. To measure the length of a room. H30 50 HHT HsMepHTb TeMnepaxj^py. To take one's temperature. H30BPA5KAlTb, -w, -emb, -k)t imp. HTO?//?. H306pa|3HTb, -Hty, -3Hmb, -3HT to represent ^t6 bh H3c6pa3'/uiH Ha axoH Kap- THHe? What did you represent in that picture? H30BPA3flTI> see H30BPAHCATb H30BPECTfl see HSOBPETATb H30BPETAITb, -ro, -erab, -k)t imp. ^ T 0? /p. H3o6pecTH, H3o6peT|y, -enib, -yT, past H3o6peJi, H3o6peji|a, -6, -H to invent HsoSpecTii HOByio Mamimy. To in- vent a new machine. H3-nOA prep. -\- gen. 1. from under. KoniKa BumJia h3- nojs, CTOJia. The cat came from under the table. 2. from a place near some other place, npnexaxb H3-noA JlenaH- rpaaa. To come from near Lenin- grad. H3yHA|Tb, -K), -erab, -lox imp.^jo? K o r 6? / p. H3yqiixb, H3y»iy, nay- HHrab, H33^iax to study Hsyqaxb pyccKHii H3wk. To study Russian. Ilsy^axb npo6JieMy. To study a problem. H3yHnTb see H3yqATb flJIH con J. or BamixHH naqnyxcH saBxpa ijjih nocjie3aBTpa. The lessons start to- morrow or the day after. Oh ^oMa iiJiH Hex? Is he at home or not? J\r iiJiH Hex? Yes or no? flMEHHO particle precisely, just MMeHHO Bbi MHe Hy>KHM. You are just the one I need. ^ Box HMeHHO. Exactly. HMElTb, -K>, -erab, -lox imp. Koro? H X o? to have HMexb MHoro BpeMenn ^jih aaHH- XHH. To have a lot of time for one's studies. HMexb B03M6JKHOcxb nocexHXb BMCxaBKy, To be able to visit the exhibition. HMexb 3Ha^e- HHe. To be of importance. HMnEPHAJIIlCTHqECKlHfl, -an, -oe, -He imperialist flMfl neut., gen., dat., prepos. hmchh, ace. HMH, instr. HMeHGM; pi. HMe- Ha, hmbh, HMenaM, etc. name Moe HMH — BjiaAHMHp, My name is Vladimir. KaK Barae iimh? WhaVs your name? <> BMCTynaxb ot hmchh kopo-jih- 5o. To speak on somebody's behalf. Bii6jinoTeKa HMeHH JlenHna. The Lenin library. HHAHE 1. adv. in a different way. 3xoHa- AO cji;ejiaxb HHane. This should be done in a different way. 2. conj. (or) else. Hau 6bicxpee, HHaqe xh ono3Aaemb. Go faster, or else you'll be late. HHJKEHEP m. engineer FopHWH HHJKeHep. A mining engi- neer. MoH oxeu — HHJKeHep. My father is an engineer. Pa66xaxb hh- HtenejOM. To work as an engineer. IIHO^J^A adv. sometimes HnorAa oh npnxoAHJi aomoh n63A- HO. Sometimes he came home late. HHOCTPAH|EI^ m., ^e/z. -ua foreigner B rocxHHHue HtHBex MHoro nno- cxpaHn;eB. Many foreigners live in the hotel. HHOCTPAHHlblK, -an, -oe, -Lie foreign HHOcxpaHHLie H3Ukh. Foreign lan- guages. MHHHcxepcxBo HHOcxpan- HMX AGJi. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs. HHCTHTS^T m. institute GxpOHxeJibHWH HHCXHxyx. A build- ing institute. YHHXbCH b HHCXHxy- xe. To study at an institute. Tlo- cxyHHXb B HHCXHxyx. To enter an institute. HayHHO-HCCJieAOBaxeJib- CKHH HHCXHxyx. A research insti- tute. HHCTPyMEHT m. instrument XHpyprHiecKHe HHCxpj'Menxbi. Sur- gical Instruments. My3biKaJibHbiH HHCxpyMeHX. A musical instrument. HHTEJIJIHr£HU[Ha /., no pi. in- telligentsia MnxeJiJiHreHitHfl cxpaHbi. The coun- try's intelligentsia. HHTEPfX m. 1. interest. BoJibmoH HHxepec, A great interest. GJiyraaxb c hh- xepecoM. To listen with interest. 2. usu. pi. interests. KjiaccoBue HHxepecH. Class interests. 3a- mnnjaxb cbou HHxepecH. To defend one's own interests. HHT 51 Hcn HHTEPECHlblfl, -aa, -oe, -ue, short form HHTepeceH, HHTepecHja, -o, -h; adv. HHTepecHo 1. interesting. HHTepecHtiH ^hjibm. An interesting film. HHiepeCHafl KHHra. An interesting hook. Mh HHTepecHo npoBejiPi BpeMH. We've had an interesting time. 3to oqenb HHxepecHO. IV s very interesting. 2. adv., predic. impers. often trans- lated by to wonder. MuTepecHo, npHe^eT jih oh? / wonder wheth- er he will come. HHTEPECjOBATb, -yio, -yemb, -yioT imp. K o r 6? ^ t o? to interest Ero HHTepecyeT HtHBonncL. He is interested in painting. Mena HHTe- pecyeT TexHHKa. / am interested in technology. HHTEPEClOBATBCH, -yiocb, -yemb- ca, -yioTca imp. KeM? qeM? to be interested HHTepecoBaTbca JiHTepaTypoH h hc- KyccTBOM. To be interested in litera- ture and art. HCKATb, nmy, nn^enib, iimyT imp. / p. HanlTH, -Ay, -Aenib, -^yT 1. Koro? ^To? to look for. Hc- KETb cBoero Apyra. To be look- ing for one's friend. HcKaTb HJiaTOK. To look for one's hand- kerchief. Kto HmeT, TOT Bcerfl;a HaH;i;eT, Seek and you shall find. 2. fig. ^ T 0? or Hero? to look for, to seek. HcKaTb paSoxy. To look for a Job. HcKaxb npaBAH. To seek the truth. McKaTb CHacTba. To seek happiness. HCKJIfOHAlTb, -K), -enib, -iot imp. KOrc? HTO?//?. HCKJIK)q|HTb, -y, -Hmb, -aT to expel HCKJIIOHUTb CTy^eHTa H3 HHCTHTy- Ta. To expel a student from the in- stitute. HCKJIIOHEHHE neut. exception 3to HCKJiiOHeHHe H3 npaBHJia. This is an exception to the rule. HeT npaBHJi 6e3 HCKJno^eHHa. There are no rules without exceptions. <> 3a HCKJiioqeHHeM Mena, Bce 6biJiH HE CTaAHone. Everybody was at the stadium, except me. HCKJIIOHfiTb see HCKJIIOHATb KCKPEHHlHB, -mi, -ee, -ne, short form HCKpenen, HCKpeHH|a, -o, -h; adv. HCKpenne sincere, frank HcKpeHHHH HeJiOBCK. A sincere per- son. HcKpeHHHH oTBer. A frank answer. CKaJKHTe HCKpenne. Tell me frankly. HCKyCCTBEHHlbin, -aa. -oe, -Lie artificial HcKyccTBeHHoe bojiokho. Artifi- cial fibre. HcKyccTBeHHUH raeJiK. Artificial silk. HCKKCTBO neut. 1. art. HaoSpaaiiTeJibHbie hckvc- CTsa. Imitative arts. HcKyccTBO HapoAHwx MacTepoB. The art of folk masters. 2. art. HcKyccTBo nrpw na rHTape. The art of playing the guitar. HcKyccTBo mHTba. The art of sewing. HCnOJIHHTb see HCHOJIHilTb HCnOJIHUlTb, -K), -enib, -k)t imp. H T O ? / /?. HCnOJIHlHTb, -K), -HHIb, -HT 1. to perform, to play. HcnoJinaTb MyaHKaJibHyio nbecy. To play a musical piece. HcnoJiHaTb poJib. To play a part. 2. to fulfil. Bh He MOFJiH 6li hc- HOJIHHTb MOIO Up6cb6y? Could you comply with my request? HCnOJIb3|OBATb, -yio, -yemb, -yiOT imp. & /?. K 0 r 6? ^ t o? to make use of HcHOJibsoBaTb cneuHaJiHCTOB. To make use of specialists . McnoJibao- BaTb BpeMH. To make use of one's time. HCnPABHTb see HCDPABJIilTb HCnPABJlHlTb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. nTO? / p. HCnpa|BHTb, -BJIK), -BHHIb, -BHT to correct HcnpaBHTb omH6Ky. To correct a mistake. HCnyrAlTbCH, -rocb, -embca, -iotch jo. K 0 r 6? H e r 6? to be frightened MajibHHK HcnyraJica. The boy got frightened. Oh HCnyraJica, hto He XBaTHT BpeMCHH. He was afraid that he would not have enough time. Oh HcnyraJica rpoMa. He was afraid of the thunder. HCnblTAHIlE neut. testing HcnHTaane MamHHH. l^he testing of a machine. HcnwraHHa aTOMHO- ro opyjKHa. The testing of an atom- ic weapon. HCT m KAK HCT0Pfl4ECK|Hfl, -aH, -oe, -He 1. history. llcTopuqecKHH ^aKyjib- Tex. The history department. 2. historical. HcTopHHecKiie naMHx- HHKH. Historical monuments. 3. historic. HcTopri^ecKafl aaxa. An historic date. HCTOPHH /. 1. no pi. history. HcxopiiH pasBH- BaexCH no cbohm saKonaM. History develops according to its own laws. HcxopiiH j^peBHero Mwpa. The history of antiquity. McxopHH H3HKa. The history of a lan- guage. 2. story. Oh yMeex paccKaausaxb HHxepecHwe ncxopHn. He can tell interesting stories. HCTPATHTb see TPATHTb HdE3A|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp./ p. HC^esHlyxb, -y, -emb, -yx, past HCHea, -Jia, -jio, -jih 1. to disappear. GaMOJiex ncMes b oSJianax. The plane disappeared in the clouds. 2. to cease. BoJib nc^eajia. The pain has gone. HCH£3H|yTb see HCHESATb HTAK conj. so HxaK, pemenne npimaxo. So the decision has been taken. HX poss. prnn. their, theirs Hx npcAJiojKeHHe 6lijio npaBHJib- hmm. Their proposal was right. dra KOMHaxa HX. This room is theirs. IIlDJIb m., no pi. July B Hiojie y cxy/i,eHX0B KaHiiKyjiH. The students have their holidays in July. Cer6;;Hfl 25 hiojih. Today is the 25th of July. On npne;Aex 28-ro HioJifl. He will come on July 28. IIlDHb m., no pi. June B HEone cxy;i,eHXbi CAawxaKaaMenbi. Students take their exams in June. K, K K (KO) prep.+dat. 1. to, up to. EoAOHXif K AOMy. To approach the house. On no;];omeJi K xoBapnnzy. He went up to his friend. HAHxe k aocKe. Come (go) to the blackboard. 2. to. Oh npnexaJi k flpyry. He came to see his friend. HpHeawaH K HaMi Come and see us! 3. by. Hajio npniixH k ceMii HacaM Benepa. You must come by sev- en o'clock in the evening. 4. to. BnepeA, k no6eAe! Forward, to victory! KABHHET m. 1. study. PaGo^HH KaGnnex. A study. 2.:Ka6HHex Bpana. A doctor's con- sulting-room, a surgery. KAj^Pbl no sing, cadres TexHitqecKHC KaApw. Technical cadres. KAH«mblfl, -an, -oe, -we 1. every. KajK^biii jieuh. Everyday. Kamjxyio ueAeJiio mh xo^hm b xeaxp. We go to the theatre every week. J]|oBOAHXb KajK^oe ;i,ejio Ao KOHU,a. To see every fob through. 2. J0ed as n. everyone. 3xo KaJK- jiuik 3Haex. Everyone knows that. KAHCETCH paren. word it seems Oh, Ka>KexcH, npaB. He seems to be right. KawexcH, oh 6hji aobo- Jien. He seemed to be pleased. KASyVTbCH, Ka>Kycb, KaJKenibCH, Ka- myTCH. imp. / p. noKaaaxbcn, noKa- >Kycb, noKawenibCH, noKajKyxcfl 1 . K e M? u e M? K a K H M? to seem . TopoA MHe noKaaaJiCH o^eub KpacPiBHM. The town seemed very beautiful to me. 2. impers. to seem. Mne KawexcH, fl ycneio BLinojiHHXb pa66xy. It seems to me that I shall manage to do the work. Mne noKaaaJiocb, Hxo OH ycxaJi. He looked very tired to me. KA3H|flTb, -10, -Hmb, -nx imp. & p. K o r 6? to execute KasHHXb npecxynHHKa. To execute a criminal. KAK 1. adv. how. KaK WHBexe? How are you getting on? KaK H^yx ACJia? How are things going? R 3Haio, KaK npoexaxb b uenxp. / know how to get to the centre. KaK BH CKaaaJiH? What did you say? 2. conf . like. Ee rJiaaa 6lijih KaK Mope. Her eyes were like the sea. ■^ KaK 3T0 HH cxpaHHO... However KAK 53 KAP strange it may seem... 51 qyBCT- Bvio ce5fl 3Aecb, KaK ^OMa. / feel at home here. KAK-HHBS^AL adv. somehow Haflo KaK-HH6yflB noMOHb eMy. We must help him somehow. KAK|Ofl, -an, -6e, -ne 1. what, KanaH cer6ji;HH noro^a? What is the weather like today? KaKyio MysHKy bh JiroSHxe? What sort of music do you like? KaKoe ceroAHH hhcjio? What is the date today? KaKoii ceroAHfl fl;eHb HeaeJiH? What day of the week is today? KaK we UBexbi bli xoTHTe KynHTb? What flowers do you want to buy? 2. what (a). KaKofixopomnH ^eHbl What a fine day! KaKan Kpaco- xa! What beauty! KAKlOfl (-an, -6e, -ike) -HHB^Ab any ^anxe mhc KaKyio-HH6yAb KHiiry. Give me any book. KAKlOfl (-an, -de. -He)-TO some Bac cnparaHBaex KaKoft-xo Mywqii- Ha. A man is asking for you. KAK-TO adv. somehow, somewhat To, Hxo XH cKaaaji, naK-xo hchcho. What you said is somehow not clear. KAJIEH/^AP|B m,, gen. -A calendar HacxoJibHHH KaJieHAapb. A desk calendar. OxpHBHoii KajieHAapb. A tear-off calendar. KAMEHHlblfl, -an, -oe, -He stone 1. KaMeHHMH AOM. A stone house. 2. fig. KaMeHHoe cep^i^e. A heart of stone. <0> KaMCHHWH yrojib. Coal. KAMIEHB m., gen. -hh stone BojibmoH KaMeHb. A large stone. BpocHXb KaMeHb, To throw a stone. flparoiieHHbie KaMHH. Precious stones. <> HaniJia Koca na KaMeHb (prov- erb). Cf, Diamond cut diamond. KAHAJI m. canal OpocHTeJibHMH Kanaji. An irrigation canal. Exaxb no KanaJiy. To sail along a canal. KAH^^HAAT m. 1. candidate. KaHAHaax b ^enyxaxH BepxoBHoro CoBexa. A candidate to the Supreme Soviet. 2. candidate. Kan^HAax nayK. Mas- ter of science. KAHflKYJIbl no sing, holidays 3HMHHe KaHHKyjiw. Winter holidays. JlexHHe KaHHKyJiM. Summer hol- idays. Bo BpeMH KaHHKyji. Dur- ing the holidays. B KaHHKyJiH oh ox^bixaex. He has a rest during his holidays. KAnHTAJlfl3M m. capitalism KAnHTAJIHCTflHECKIHfl, -an, -oe, -He capitalist KanHxaJiHcxHHecKHii cxpoii. The capitalist system. KAHHTAH m. captain KannxaH AaJibHero njiaBaHHH. A sea-going captain. Kannxan $yx- 66JibHOH KOMaHflbi. The captain of a football team. KAII|JIH /., gen. pi. -ejib 1. drop. Kanjifl jkiiakocxh. A drop of a liquid. KanJiH ji KHCJiafl Kanycxa. Sauerkraut. li[BeTHafl Kanycxa. Cauliflower. KAPAHAAin m., gen.-§i pencil IJ,BexHbie KapaHflamH. Coloured pen- cils. PncoBaxbKapaHAamoM. To draw with a pencil. KAPMAH m. pocket Bbmyxb nJiaxoK H3 KapMana. To take one's handkerchief out of one's pocket. noJioHiHXb ^eHbrn b KapMaH. To put money in one's pocket. <> Oh aa cjiobom b KapMan ne no- jieacT. He has a ready tongue. KAPTA /. 1. map. IIoJiHxii^ecKaH Kapxa mh- pa. A political map of the world. 2. card. Hrpaxb b KapxH. To play cards. KAPTflHA /. 1. picture. npeKpacHan KapxHHa. A beautiful picture. XyAOJKHHK nnmex Kapxiiny. The artist is painting a picture. 2. fig. scene. KapxHna npHpoAW. A scene of nature. KAPTOOEJIB m., no pi. {colloq. Kap- xomKa) potatoes KAC 54 KJIA KACA|TbCH, -locb, -emBCH, -iotch imp. Koro? Her6?//>. KOCHlyxb- CH, -ycb, -embCH, -yTca 1. to touch. KocHyTbcH seMJiH py- KOH. To touch the ground with the hand. 2. fig. to touch upon, to concern. /l,0KJiaA^HK KocnyjicH Bonpoca o noJiOJKGHHH B CTpBHe. The speak- er touched upon the situation in the country. 3to mghh ne Kaca- excH. That doesnt concern me. KACCA /. cash-desk IIJiaTHTb ;;eHbrH b Kaccy. To pay the money at the cash-desk. <> CSeperaxejibHaH Ksicca. Savings hank. KACTPlOJIfl /. saucepan KATAlTbCH, -K)Cb, -embCH, -iotch imp. Ha q e M?: KaxaTbCH ua ji6;i;- Ke. To go boating. KaxaxbCH na JiuH^ax. To go skiing. KaxaxbCfl na KOHbKax. To go skating. <> JIi65iimb Kaxaxbcfl — jiio5h h caHoqKii BOSHTb (proverb). Cf. No sweet without some sweat. KA^ECTBO neut. quality KaqecTBO pa66xbi. The quality of work. EpoAyKUHH BucoKoro Ka^ecx- Ba. High-quality output. KAniA /. porridge ManuaH Kama. Semolina pudding. FpeHHeBan Kama. Buckwheat por- ridge. KADIIEJIIj m., gen. -jih cough y MCHH ciijibHMii KameJib. / have a bad cough. KAinJIHITb, -K), -enib, -iot to cough BojibHoH ciiJibHo Kamjinex. The sick man coughs badly. KBA/^PATH IblH, -afl, -oe, -ue square KBaflpaxnafl KOMnaxa. A square room. KBAPTAJI m. 1. block, district. Hobmu ropo^CKon KBapxaJi. A new city district. 2. quarter. B xpexbeM KBapxaJie 3xoro rd^a Spurafla paCoxaJia 0XJi«HH0. In the third quarter of this year the brigade worked very well. KBAPTKPA /. flat TpexKOMuaxHafl KBapxiipa. A three- room flat. KHJIOPPAMM m. kilogramme Ilflxb KHJiorpaMMOB caxapa. Five kilogrammes of sugar. KaJiorpaMM Mflca. A kilogramme of meat. KHJIOMETP m. kilometre CKOJIbKO KHJIOMexpOB flO TOpOfla? How many kilometres is it to the town? KHHO neut., indecl. 1. cinema. Ycnexn khho. The suc- cess of the cinema. 2. colloq. film. GMOxpexb khho. To see a film. Tw CMoxpeJi 3X0 KHHO? Have you seen this film? 3. colloq. cinema. H^xh b khho. To go to the cinema. KHHOTEATP m. picture palace, cin- ema B MocKBe MHoro KHHoxeaxpoB? Are there many cinemas in Moscow? KHHOOflJIbM m. see OHJIbM KHOCK m. kiosk, news-stand Fa^XHUH KHOCK. A news-stand. Kyniixb jKypnaji b khocko. To buy a magazine at a news-stand. KHniETb, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -iix, -hx imp. to boil Bo^a khhhx. The water is boiling. Mojioko khhiix. The milk is boiling. KHPnflH w., gen. -a brick KflCJIIblS, -an, -oe, -He, short form KHceji, KHCJia, khcji|o, -h; adv. KiicJio sour Kncjioe hCjioko. A sour apple. <> Kncjiafl Kanycxa. Sauerkraut. KJIACCi m. class PadoHHii KJiacc. The working class. KJIACC2 m. 1. grade. VHiixbCH b nepBOM KJiac- ce. To be in (to be a pupil in) the first grade. 2. classroom. B uameM KJiacce OHenb Hiicxo. Our classroom is very clean. 3. class. Ham KJiacc oqenb flpy)K- HbiH. We are all friends in our class. KJlACCOBIblfi, -an, -oe, -ue class KJiaccoBan 6opb6^. The class strug- gle. KjiaccoBMe npOXHBOp^HHH. Class contradictions. KJIACTb, KJiaAly, -emb, -yx, past KJiaji, KJiaJi|a, -o, -h imp. Kor6? ^ X 0? Ha H X 6?/ p. noJioJKiixb, no- jiowy, HOJiojKHrab, HOJioJKax to place, to put Kjiacxb KHHry na cx6ji. To put the KJIE 55 KOJI book on the table. IIoJiojKHTb caxap B nan. To put sugar in the tea. <» nOJIOHCHTb HanaJIO BOBOMy 36- jiy. To lay the foundation for some- thing new. KJIETIKA /., gen. pi. -ok 1. cage. KynHTb KJieiKy ajih hthi^. To buy a bird cage. 2. squared, check. TeTpaj;b b kjict- Ky. A squared copy-book. Maxe- piiaJi B KJiexKy. Check material. 3. cell. <> FpyAHaH KJieTKa. The thorax. KJIflMAT m. climate MopcKOH KJiHMaT. A maritime cli- mate. MHrKHii KJiiiMaT. A mild climate. KJiyB m. club PaSoHHH KJiy6. A workers' club. B KJiySe cer6fl;HH TaHD;bi. There is a dance at the club today. KJIK)^ m., gen. -a 1. key. Oh noxepHJi kjiioh ot KBap- THpM. He has lost the key to his flat. SanepeTb ji;Bepb na kjiioh. To lock the door. 2. fig. clue KHflrA /. book ^Hxaxb KHtiry. To read a book. KHflHClKA /., gen. pi. -eK dim. of KHHra book. J]|excKafl KHHJKKa. A children's book. <> SanncHafl KHHHfKa. Note-book. KHflmniblfl, -an, -oe, Lie book KHiijKHafl nojiKa. A bookshelf. Khiijkhhh mKa(|). A bookcase. Khhjk- Hbiii MaraaiiH. A bookshop. KOB|EP m,, gen. -pa carpet MarKHH KOBep, A soft carpet. KOr^A adv. 1. when. Kor^a xh npHAerab jio- Moii? When will you come home? 2. when. H sHaio, kofa^ oh npn- e^ex. / know when he comes. Kor- jxa KOHHHfflb pa66xy, npHxoAii KO MHe. Come and see me when you have finished your work. KOrAA-HHBS'J^b adv. some day KoTjia.-Hii6yji,h xh BcnoMHHmb 06 .^XHX cJioBax. Some day you will remember these words. KOrj^A-TO adv. some time ago H 6hji xaM Kor^a-xo. / was there some time ago. KoacA /. 1. skin. KojKa JiHua. The skin of the face. I^Bex k6>kh. Complexion. 2. leather. HeMo^aH h3 k6?kh. A leather suitcase. KOHCAHIblfl, -an, -oe, -He leather Komauum neuojxau. A leather suit- case. Komanoe Kpecjio. A leather arm-chair. KojKaHHe xy(|)JiH. Leath- er shoes. KOJIBACA /. (luncheon) sausage Kon^enaH KOJiSaca. Smoked sausage. Bapenan K0Ji6aca. Boiled sau- sage. Byxep6p6A c KOJi6ac6H. A sausage sandwich. KOJIEBATbCH, KOJie6ji|iocb, -embca, -lOxcH imp. 1. 1st & 2nd pers. not used, to tremble. JliicxbH ^epeBbeB K0Jie6- jiioxcH ox Bexpa. The leaves of the trees are trembling in the wind. 2. 1st & 2nd pers. not used, to fluctuate. U^euu na ptiHKe KOJieS- JIIOXCH. The prices on the market fluctuate. 3. to hesitate. Kojie6axbCH b onen- Ke HejioBeKa. To hesitate in as- sessing a person. KOJIEH|0 neut., pi. -n knees noca^HTb peGeHKa na kojichh. To put a child on one's lap. MajibHHK CH^eJi Ha KOJieHHX y Maxepn, The boy was on his mother's lap. Cxoaxb Ha KOJieHHX, To be kneeling KOJIECO neut., pi. KOJieca wheel KoJieco MamiiHH. A wheel of a machine. KOJIflHECTBO neut. quantity KojiMHecxBo BO AM B SacceHHc. The quantity of water in a swimming- pool. KOJIJIEKTflB m. collective body ^pyjKHWH KOJiJieKXHB. A united collective. Kojijickxhb ^a6pHKH. The collective of a factory. KOJIJIEKTflBHIblfl, -an, -oe, -He collective KoJiJieKXHBHHH AoroBop. A collec- tive agreement. KojiJieKXiiBHoe xo- SHHCXBO. A collective farm. KOJIOHHAJIbHiblH, -an, -oe, -He colonial KoJiOHHajiLHHii pejKHM. A colonial regime. KoJionnaJibHaH noJiHXHKa. A colonial policy. KOJI 56 KOH KOJIOHHH /. colony HapoAM KOJIOHHH. The peoples of the colonies. KOJIOHHA /. 1. column. 3aji c Cgjimmh kojioh- HBMH. A hall with white columns. 2. column. KoJioHHa cnopTCMeHon. A column uf sportsmen. KOJIX03 m. collective farm IlepeAOBOH kojixos. A foremost collective farm. Pa66TaTb b koji- xoae. To work on a collective farm. K0JIX03HHK m. collective farmer KojixosHHKH ySnpaioT ypo>KaH. The collective farmers are gather- ing in the harvest. KOJIX03HlHfl, -an, -oe, -ue of a collective farm KoJixosHan c66cTBeHHOCTb. Collec- tive-farm property. KOJIbl^O neut., pi. K6JIb^a, KOJiei^, KOJibqaM, etc. 1. ring. BojiOToe KOJibu;©. A gold ring. 2. circle. Exaxb no KOJibny. To go on a train servicing the Circle Line (in the Moscow underground railway). KOMAHAA /. team OyiSoJibHaH KOMaH^a. A football team. KOMAHJ^flP m. commander KoMaHfl;i4p noJiKa. A regiment com- mander. KoMaHAiip napiHsaHCKoro OTpHfla. The commander of a guer- rilla detachment. KOMAH/^IOBATb, -yio, -yemb, -yiOT imp.^ K e M? q e M? to command KoMaHjtoBaxb apMneii. To command an army. KOMBAflH m. combine VrojibHbiii K0M6aHH. A coal mining combine. KOMBHHAT m. mill, plant Oh paSoxaex na 6yMa>KH0M kom6h- Haie. He works at a paper mill. <> KoMGnnaT SwTOBoro o5cJiyacH- BaHHH. A personal service establish- ment. KOMflCCHH /. commission IIpHeMHaH KOMPiccHH, A selection commission. HaGHpaxejibHaH ko- MHCCHH. An election commission. KOMHTET m. committee I^eHxpaJibHHH KoMHxex KoMMynnc- xHHecKOH napxHH CoBexcKoro Coio- 3a. The Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. HcnojiHUxeJibHHH KOMnxex. An executive committee. K0MMyHfl3M m., no pi. commu- nism CxpoHXb KOMMyHPiSM. To buHd com- munism. KOMMyHflCT m. Communist CoK)3 KOMMyHHCXOB. The Union of Communists . IlapxHH KOMMyHwcxoB. A Communist Party. KOMMyHHCTflqECKIHfl, -an, -oe, -ne 1. communist. KoMMyHHCxiWecKaH napxHH CoBexcKoro Coroaa. The Communist Party of the Soviet Union. 2. communist. Bpnraaa KOMMyHHC- xiiHecKoro xpy^a. A brigade of Communist Labour. KOMHATA /. room Ho Ban KOMHaxa. A new room. Gsex- JiaH KOMHaxa. A bright room. B KOMHaxe xenjio. It is warm in the room . K0Mn03flT0P m. composer HaBecxHHH KOMnoaiixop. A well- known composer. KOMCOMOJI m. the Young Com- munist League KOMCOMOIJIEI^ m., gen. -JIb^a Young Communist Leaguer Akxiibhwh KOMCOMOJieu;. An active Young Communist Leaguer. Ha cxpoHKax paSoxaex mhofo komco- M6Jibn;eB. Many Young Communist Leaguers work at the construction KOMCOMOJIbCKlHn, -an, -oe, -ne Young Communist League KoMCOMOJibCKHH 6HJiex. A Ycung Communist League (membership) card. KoMCOMOJibCKoe co6paHHe. A Y.C.L. meeting. KOHBEPT m. envelope KyHHXb KOHBepx. To buy an enve- lope. 3aKJieHXb KOHBepx. To seal an envelope. KOH|E^ m., gen. -ni end KoHen; KHnrn. The end of the book. <> B KOHi;e KOHi^OB. At last, at the end. IIojiowHTb KOHeii, qeiwy- JII160. To put an end to something. CBO^HTb KOHUU C KOHI^aMH. To make both ends meet. KOH 57 KOC KOHEHHO [niH] 1. paren. word certainly. Tbi, ko- HeHHO, snaemb 06 3T0M . You cer- tainly know that. 2. particle of course. Tu noHflemt B KHHO? — KoHCHHo! ''Will you go to the cinema?" ''Of course!" KOHCEPBIM pi., no sing., gen. -ob food preserves OBomHLie KOHCepBti. Canned vege- tables. MflCHHe KOHCepBH. Canned meat. Fhi6uue KOHcepBH. Canned fish. KOHCTHTyU;HH /. constitution KOHTPOJIbHIMH, -aH, -oe, -ue con- trol, test IlHcaTb KOHxpoJibHyio pa66Ty. To write a test-paper. KOHOETA /. sweet nioKOJiaAHaa Kon^exa. A chocolate. IlHTbCOT rpaMMOB KOH^eT. Five hundred grammes of sweets. KOHIliEPT m. 1. concert. Konuepi necHH h njific- KH. A concert of songs and dances. KoHn;epT xyjiomecT- BCHHOH CaMOfleHXeJIBHOCTH. An amateur performers' concert. 2. concerto. KoHi^epx ji^Jifi CKpiinKii c opKecxpoM. A concerto for violin and orchestra. KOHHAlTb, -10, -emt, -lox imp. qxo? &-\-inf. I p. KonqliixL, -y, -Hint, -ax 1. to finish. Konquxb 6ecefly. To finish a conversation. neBHii;a KOHHHJia nexb. The singer fin- ished singing. 2. to finish, to graduate. Konnnxb niKOJiy. To finish school. Koh- HHXb yHHBepcHxex. To graduate from the University. KOHH'AlTtCa, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -excfl, -ioxch imp. / p. KOHqJHXbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -hxch, -axcfl to end KoHDjepx KOHqaexcfl b 10 ^acoB Be- nepa. The concert ends at 10 o'clock in the evening. KOHHHTb see KOHHATb KOH^HTBCH see KOH^ATbCfl KOHb m., gen. kohh; pi. kohh, ko- HeH, KOHHM, etc. horse Exaxb Ha Kone. To ride on horse- back. KOHbKfl pi., sing, kohck m., gen. KOHbKa skates BeroBBie KOHbK[i. Racing skates. KaxaxbCH na KOiibKax. To skate. KOnE|flKA /., gen. pi. -en copeck (the smallest Russian coin, 1/100 of a rouble). OAHa KoneHKa. One copeck. J^Be KoneHKH. Two copecks. ITflXb ko- neeK. Five copecks. KOPABJIIb m., gen. -a ship BoeHHHH KopaSJib. A warship. KOPIEHb m., gen. -hh 1. root. KopeHb pacxeHHH. The root of a plant. 2. root. KopeHb cJioBa. The root of a word. 3. root. HsBJieHb KBa^paxHMH k6- peHb H3 HHCJia. To extract the square root of a number. O CMOTpexb B KopeHb. To get at the root (of something). KOPHJ^OP m. corridor, passage KOPflHHEBIblfl, -an, -oe, -He brown KOPMflTb, KOpMJIiO, KOpMHfflb, KOp- MHx imp. Koro? h e m? /p. na- KOpMHXb, HaKOpMJIK), HaKOpMHUIb, HaKopMHX to feed Maxb KopMHX peGeHKa cynoM. The mother gives soup to her child. KOPOBIKA /., gen. pi. -ok box Kop65Ka cniweK. A box of matches. KopoSKa KOH(|)ex. A box of sweets. KOPOBA /. COW B KOJixoae mhofo KopoB. The col- lective farm has many cows. KOPOJI|b m., gen. -a king KOPOTKIHW, -aH, -oe, -ne, short form KopoxoK, KopoxKa, KopoxKlo, -h; adv. KopoxKo; comp. Kopo^e short 1. short. KopoxRHH nHA>KaK. A short coat. KopoxKaH KypxKa. A short jacket. 2. short. KopoxKHii cpoK. A short time. KopoxKHH paaroBop. A short conversation. KopoxKO ox- BexHXb. To answer briefly. 3. only short form too short. I06Ka eii KopoxKa. The skirt is too short for her. KOCMflHECKlHtt, -an, -oe, -ne cos- mic, space KocMHHecKoe npocxpancxBo. Space. KocMHqecKHH KopaSjib. A space- ship. KocMHHecKHe Jiy^H. Cosmic rays. KOC 58 KPE KOCMOHABT m. cosmonaut KOCMOC m. cosmos, space HayHeHHe KocMOca. Studying space. noJiexH b kocmoc. Space flights. KOCHS^TbCH see KACATbCH KOCTIb /., gen. pi. -en bone IlepejioM KocTH. A fracture. KOCTIOM m. suit, costume GnopTHBHtiH KOCTIOM. A sports cos- tume. KynuTb KOCTIOM. To buy a suit. KOTJIETA /. cutlet, rissole MHCHwe KOTJieTH. Meat cutlets (ris- soles). JKapHTb KOTJieTH. To fry cutlets. KOTOPIblfl, -an, -oe, -He 1. who, which, fl snaio TOBapnma, KOTopHH npnexaji h3 JlenHH- rpafla. / know the comrade who came from Leningrad. 2. what, which. KoTopHH nac? What time is it? Tjie Kmira, ko- Topyio TH o6emaJi? Where is the book which you promised? KOOE m., indecl., no pi. 1. coffee. nJiaHTai;HH K6(|)e. A cof- fee plantation. 2. coffee. IIhtl nepHHH K6$e. To drink black coffee. K6$e c mo- JiOKOM. White coffee. KOmiKA /., gen. pi. -eK cat Hepnan KomKa. A black cat. KPAH m., prepos. o Kpae & b Kpaio, Ha Kpaio; pi. Kpan 1. edge. Ha Kpaio cxojia. On the edge of the table. 2. land. Poj^hoh Kpaa. The native land. TenJine Kpan. Warm lands. 3. territory. CTaBponoJibCKHH Kpan. Stavropol territory. KPAH m. 1. tap. Bo^onpoBoflHHH npan. A water tap. OxKpoH Kpan. Turn the tap on. 2. crane. noffijeMHHH Kpan. A crane. KPACflBlblfl, -aa, -oe, -He, short form KpacHB, -a, -o, -h; adu. Kpa- cHBo beautiful; handsome KpacHBan fleBymKa. A beautiful girl. KpacHBaH mccthoctij. Beauti- ful country. BoKpyr oienb KpacH- BO. Everything around is very beau- tiful. KPAlCHTb, -my, -cnmb, -cht imp. hto? / p. noKpalcHTb, -uiy, -cnmb, -cat to paint KpacHTb noJi. To paint the floor. KPAC|KA /., gen. pi. -ok paint ToJiySaH KpacKa. Blue paint. KPACHElTb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. / p. noKpacHe|Tb, -lo, -emb, -iot to turn red; to blush, to flush H6JI0KH noKpacHeJiH. The apples turned red. KpacHCTb ot CTHAa. To blush with shame. KPACHIblfl, -an, -oe, -ne, short form Kpacen, Kpacna, Kpacnlo, -h red KpacHHH KapaHflam. A red pencil. <> Kpacnafl njiomaflb. Red Square. KPAICTb, -Ay, -Aemb, -^yT, past npaJi, -a, -o, -H imp. mo? y Koro?/ p. yKpa|CTb, -Ay, -Aemb, -a^t, past yKpaji, -a, -o, -H to steal Oh yKpaJi y hhx Aenbrn. He stole mifhey from them. KPATKIHH, -an, -oe, -He, short form KpaTOK, KpaTKa, KpaTKlo, -h; adv. KpaTKO short, brief, concise KpaTKHH AOKJiaA. A brief report. KpaTKHii cjioBapb. A concise dic- tionary. H 6yAy KpaTOK. /'// be brief. KPEMJIlb m., gen. -a the citadel of an old Russian town MocKOBCKHH KpeMJib. The Moscow Kremlin. KPEHKIHR, -an, -oe, -ue, short form KpenoK, KpeuKa, KpenK|o, -h; adv. KpeuKo; comp. Kpen^e 1. hard. KpeuKHH opex. Hard nut. 2. strong. KpeuKHH opraHH3M. A strong organism. 3. strong. KpenKoe bhho. Strong wine. KpeHKHH ^aa. Strong tea. <> KpenKHM COH. A sound sleep. KpenKo enaxb. To sleep soundly. KPEnHlYTb, -y, -emb, -yT, past Kpen, -Jia, -jio, -jih imp. I p. OKpen- H|yTb, -y, -emb, -yT, past 0Kp6n, -jia. -JIO, -JIH to grow stronger Pe6eH0K OKpen. The child grew stronger. Kp^nneT APyJK^a MeJKAy CTpanaMH. The friendship between countries grows stronger. KPEC|JIO neut., gen. pi. -eJi armchair MflFKoe Kpecjio. A soft armchair. CHA^Tb B Kp6cJie. To sit in an arm- chair. I KPE 59 KTO KPECTbUHHH m., pi. KpecTbane, KpecTBHH peasant KPECTbHHCKlHfl, -an, -oe, -iie peas- ant KpecTbflHCKafl ceMtfi. A peasant family. KPHBlOH, -an, -oe, -He crooked KpHsaa JiHHHH. A crooked line. KpHBafl yjiHiia. A crooked street. KPflKHyTb see KPH'^ATb KPHH|ATb, -y, -Hmb, -ax imp. I p. Kpi'iKHlyxb, -y, -emb, -yx to cry, to shout KpHHaxb OT 66jih. To cry with pain. He KpHHiixe na mchh! Don't shout at me! KPOBATb /. bed Jl|epeBflHHaH KpoBaxb. A wooden bed. JlejKaxb Ha KponaxH. To lie on a bed. KPOBb /., no pi., prepos. b KpoBii blood Oh nopeaaJi naJiei^, nonaaajiacb KpoBb, He cut his finger and blood appeared. <>• BopoTbCfl «o nocjieAHefi KanjiH KpoBH. To fight to one's last drop of blood, KPOME prep. -\- gen. 1. except. npHOiJiH Bce, KpoMe o^Horo cxy^eHxa. Everybody came, except one student. 2. besides. KpoMe MenH, npHmjio ein.e necKOJibKO ^ejioBeK. A few people came besides myself. <> Oh xopomo nrpaex b BOJieHSoji, a KpoMe Toro oh Henjioxofi maxMaTHCT. He plays volley-ball well, besides he is not a bad chess- player. Kpyr m., pi. -H 1. circle. IIJiomaAb Kpyra, The area of a circle. 2. circle. Tani^yiontHe oSpaaosajiH mnpoKHH Kpyr. The dancers formed a large circle. <> B Kpyry apyaefi. Among iriends. B xecHOM Kpyry. Among friends. KPyrJIIblfl, -an, -oe, -He, short form Kpyrji, Kpyrjia, Kpyrji|o, -h round KpyrJiHH cxoJi. A round table. Kpyrjioe JIH^6. A round face. <> Kpyrjibifi roff. The whole year round. Kpyrjibie cvtkh meji AOH PasMBHaTb KpynHbie Aenbrn. To change large bank-notes. Kpyn- HbiS paarOBop. A serious conver- sation. KPyT|(3B[, -an, -oe, -He, short form Kpyx, Kpyxa, Kpyx|o, -h; adv. Kpy- xo 1. steep. Kpyxafl ropa. A steep hill. 2. sharp. KpyxoH noBopox noporn. A sharp turn of the road. 3. fig. sharp. KpyxoH xapanxep. A sharp temper. KPblJIO neut., pi. KpHJibH wing KpHJio nxpji^H. The wing of a bird. KpHJid caMOJiexa. The wing of a plane. KPb'IfflA /. roof }KeJie3HaH KpHraa. A metal roof. Kptima flOMa. The roof of a house. KPKimiKA /., gen. pi. -eK lid KpHfflKa HaHHHKa. The teapot (tea- kettle) lid. KCTATH adv. & par en. word by the way, on the way Kor^a noHflenib b Maraaiin, KCxaxH 3aHji;H Ha no^xy. When you go to the shop, call at the post-office on the way. KcxaxH, oh y>Ke npnexaji? By the way, has he already come? KTO pron., gen., ace. Koro [KaBo], dat. KOMy, instr. kbm, prepos. o kom who Kxo npHmeJi? Who has come? Koro Hex B KJiacce? Who is absent from the class? KoMy ji;axb KHiiry? Whom shall I give the book to? Koro xh xaM BHAHHib? Whom do you see there? KeM xH HCAOBOJieH? Whom are you displeased with? O kom xh ^yMaenib? Whom are you thinking about? H 3Haio, kxo bshji moh cjio- Bapb. / know who has taken my dictionary. KTO 60 JUA KTO-HUByAb pron., gen., ace. Koro^ HHSyAb [KaBO-], dat. KOMy-nnSyAt, instr. KeM-HH5y;i;b, prepos. o kom- HH6yAfc somebody, anybody KT6-HH6yfl;i> npnineji? Has anybody come? GKaH^H K0My-HH6yAi» 06 3Tom. Tell somebody about that. KTO-TO pron., gen., ace. Koro-To [Ka- b6-], dat. KOMy-TO, instr. kgm-to, prepos. 0 k6m-to somebody Kt6-to Bomeji b KOMHaxy, ho oh He BHAeJi, KTO. Somebody entered . the room but he could not see who it was. KVJlA adv. where KyAa TLi HAemb? Where are you going? HaAO pemHTb, KyAa mh noeAGM JiexoM. We must decide where we shall go in the summer. KVJlA-tmhyJlh adv. somewhere IIoJio>KH KHHrH KyAa-HH6yAt H noHAeM. Put the books somewhere and let's go. KYAA-TO adv. somewhere H KyAa-To noJiojKHJi cboh KHiirn. / put my books somewhere. Oh Ky- Aa-TO ymeJi. He has gone some- where. KYJIAK m., gen. -a fist ^ VAapHTb KyjiaKoM no cxojiy. To strike the table with one's fist. KyJIbTYPA /. 1. culture. IIcTopHH KyJibTypu. The history of culture, ^enxejib Kyjibxypm. A cultural worker. 2. crop. 3epH0Bwe Kyjibxypu. Ce- real crops. TexHiinecKHe Kyjib- xypti. Technical crops. 3. culture. HeJioBCK SoJibmoii Kyjib- xypu. A man of great culture. 4.: KyJibxypa nponsBOACXBa. Stan- dard of production. KyJIbXyPHlblfl, -aH, -oe, -bie, short form Kyjibxypen, KyJibxypH|a, -0, -w 1. cultured. KyJibxypnbiH MeJiOBCK. A cultured man. Ohh neAOCxa- xoHHO KyjibxypHH. They are not cultured enough. 2. only complete form cultural. KyJibxypnue cbh3H. Cultural re- lations. KVnAlTbCH, -locb, -efflbCH, -ioxch imp. to bathe KynaxbCfl b Mope. To bathe in the sea. KynflTb see nOKyflATb KyPfiTb, Kypio, Kj'pHfflb, Kypnx imp. qxo?//). noKypnxb, noKypio, no- Kypnmb, noKypflx to smoke Kypiixb nannpocu. To smoke ciga- rettes. Bh Kypnxe? Do you smoke? Kypnxe, noHcajiyncxa. Have a cigarette, please. KyPHI^A /.. pi. KypH 1. hen. BeJiaa Kypnua. A white hen. 2. chicken. JKapenaH KypnHa. Roast chicken. Cyn c KypanieH. Chicken soup. KyPC m. 1. course, series. KpaxKHH Kypc HCxdpHH. A short history course. Ilpocjiymaxb Kypc JieKUHH no JiHxepaxype. To listen to a se- ries of lectures on literature. 2. year of study. GxyAenx Bxoporo Kypca. A second-year student. Oh fHHXCH Ha xpexbeM Kypce. He is in his third year. BxopoH Kypc aaHHMaexcH b ayAHxopnii HOMep 5. The second year students are in room No. 5. <> BbiTb B Kypce. To be in the know. KyC|OK m., gen. -Ka piece BoJibfflou KycoK cbipa. A large piece of cheese. KycoK xjieSa. Apiece of bread. KycoK caxapa. A lump of sugar. KyCT m., gen. -a bush npHxaxbCH B Kycxax. To hide in the bushes. KyXIHfl /., gen. pi. -OHb kitchen roxoBHXb o6eA Ha Kyxne. To cook dinner in the kitchen. KymAITb, -K) (1st pers. rarely used), -erab, -lox imp, hxo? / />. noKy- ma|xb, -10, -emb, -lox to eat Kymanxe, nojKajiyiicxa. Help your- self. JI, Ji JiArEPIb m., pi. -H camp IlHOHepcKHH jiarepb. A Young Pio- neers' camp. TypHCTH^ecKHH Jia- repb. A tourist camp. JlA^HO particle colloq. all right Mh ceroAHH noHACM b khho? — JIaAHO. "" Shall we go to the pictures today?" ''All right.'' JIAM 61 JIEC JIAMOA /. lamp; light SjieKTpiiHecKaH JiaMoa. An electric lamp. HacTOJibHafl JiaMna. A desk lamp. JiaMna b 40 BaxT. A 40-watt lamp. JiaMna Ha 127 bojilt. A 127 -volt bulb. JIACKOBlblfl, -aH, -oe, -we, short form JiacKOB, -a, -o, -u; adv. jiac- kobo 1. affectionate, kind. JlacKOBan MaTB. An affectionate mother. JIacKOBHH B3rJifl;i;. A kind look. JIacKOBoe JiHUo. A kind face. JIacKOBO yjiH6aTbCH. To smile affectionately. 2. fig. gentle. JlacKOBtin Bexep. A gentle wind. JlacKOBoe cojih- ne. A caressing sun. <> JIaCKOBOe CJIOBO, «ito BeceHHHH ACHb (proverb). An endearing word is like a spring day. JIEBlblfiL, -an, -oe, -He left JleBaH pyKa, The left hand (arm). JleBan nora. The left foot (leg). MoH fl;oM Ha jieBOH CTopone yjiHn,Li. My house is on the left side of the street. ^ JlErKlHH, -an, -oe, -ne [-xk-], short form jieroK, Jiernla, -6, -ti; adv, JierKo; comp. Jierne 1. light. JlerKan cyMKa. A light bag. 2. easy. JlerKaH paSoxa. Easy work. JlerKaH saAa^a. An easy task. 3xy Baflany h JierKo pe- niHJi. / solved that task easily. 3. slight. JlerKHH Mopos. A slight frost. 4. easy. JlerKHii xapanxep. An easy temper. <> JlerKdH npoMbimjieHHOCTb. Light industry. JlerKaH MysbiKa. Light music, y Hero JierKo na nyme (predic. impers.). He feels light- hearted. JIErKOMb'ICJIEHHIblH, -an, -oe, -bie 1. light-headed. JlerKOMLicjieHHbm HeJioBeK. A light-headed person. 2. light-headed. JlerKOMbicjieHHWH nocxynoK. A light-headed action. JIEJ^ m., gen. jib^a ice XopomHH Jie^; Ha KaxKe. Good ice on the skating-rink. BaJiex na Jihjxy. Ice-ballet. JIEJ|HH|Ofl, -an, -oe, -tie 1. iee. Jle^HHaH j^opomKa. An ice track. 2. fig. icy. JleAHHOH b3tjihjj,. An icy look. Oh CKaaaJi axo Jie^H- HMM xohom. He said that icily. JIEHCjAXb, -y, -Mfflb, -ax imp. r^e? 1. to lie, to be. Jlewaxb na ^HBane. To lie on a divan. KHHrn JiejKax Ha cxojie. The books are on the table. 2. to lie, to be ill, Jlemaxb b no- cxeJiH. To lie in bed. Moik xoBa- pnm y>Ke 2 Mecnita jieHtnx b 6oJib- HHi;e. My friend has already been in hospital for two months. <> y Hero cepj;uie ne jicjkht k axoH paSoxe. He has a distaste for this work. JIE3|Tb, -y, -emb, -yx, past Jies, -Jia, -Jio, -JiH imp. Ky;i;a? 1. to climb. Jleaxb na AepeBo. To climb a tree. Jlesxb na ropy. To climb a mountain. 2. to get. Jleaxb b BOAy. To get into the water. 3.: Jleaxb b KapMan. To put one's hand into one's pocket. <> Jleaxb He b cboc acjio (collog.). Gf. To poke one's nose into other people's affairs. He Jieaxb sa cjio- BOM B KapMRH. To havc a ready tongue. JIEKAPCTBO neut. medicine FopbKoe JiCKapcxBo. A bitter medi- cine. IlpHHHMaxb JienapcxBO. To take medicine. JIcKapcxBO ox Ka- mJifl. Cough medicine. JIEK^HH /. lecture HnxepeCHan JieKHHH. An interesting lecture. JleKHHfl no MaxcMaxHKe. A lecture on mathematics, ^nxaxb (cJiyraaxb) jickuhh. To deliver (to listen to) lectures. Ha JieKBtHH 6biJio MHoro Hapofla. There were many people at the lecture. JIEHHBlblK, -an, -oe, -we, short form jieHHB, -a, -0, -h; adv. jichmbo lazy JleHPiBHH cxyAeHX. A lazy student. JleHHBo pa66xaxb. To work lazily. JIEHTA /. ribbon ToJiySan Jienxa. A pale blue ribbon. JIEC m., prepos. o Jiece & b Jiecy; pi. jieca wood, forest TycxoH Jiec. A dense forest. Mm AOJiro ryjiHJiH no oceHHCMy Jiecy. We walked in the autumn forest for a long time. Ha xeppHXopHH CCCP ecxb H jiHcxBeHHwe h xBOHHwe JlEC 62 JiHq jieca. There are deciduous and coniferous forests on the territory of the USSR. JIECTUHI^A /. staircase niHpoKaH JiecTHHi^a. A broad stair- case. IIoAHHTbCfl no JiecTHHi5e. To go up the stairs. 3x3 JIeCTHH^a Be;i;eT na BTopoH axam. This stair- case leads to the first floor. JIETA|Tb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. to fly IItijiiu JiexaioT. Birds fly. GaMOJie- TH H3 MOCKBM jieiaioT B JleHHHrpflifl KajK/tMH neuh. Planes fly from Mos- cow to Leningrad every day. JIE|T£Tb, -Hy, -Tiifflb, -THT imp. to Hy 1. to fly. 3tot caMOJiex jiexiiT b MocKBy. That plane is flying to Moscow. nxHi];w Jiexax na ror. The birds are flying to the south. 2. fig. to fly. Bwcxpo JiexHX Bpe- MH. Time flies. JIETHlHfl, -HH, -ee, -ne 1. summer. JlexnnH jieuh. A sum- mer day. 2. summer. JTexnee njiaxbe, najib- x6. A summer dress, overcoat. 3. summer. JlexHne KanHKyjiLi. Summer holidays. JIETO neut., no pi. summer >KapKoe cyxoe Jiexo. A dry hot summer. HpoBecxH jiexo ua Mope, Ha ji,a.ne. To spend the summer at the seaside, in the country. JIETOM adv. in summer JlexoM fl oxfl.Mxaio na Mope. In summer I rest at the seaside. JIETHHK m. flyer O noABHre JiexHHKa MapecbeBa 3Haex Becb Mnp. The whole world knows about the flyer Maresyev's feat. JIE^flTb, Jie^y, jiennmb, Jieiax imp. Kor6? Hxo? ox Hero? He M?/ p. BMJienjHXb, -y, nmb, -ax to treat Bpan JieHHx SoJibuoro ox rpnnna. The doctor is treating the patient for the 'flu. JIEHb see JIOHCflTbCH JIH particle whether He xoxHxe jih bh nonxn b xeaxp? Don't you want to go to the theatre? Ecxb JIH y Bac axa KHnra? Have you got that book? Oh cnpocnji, (ne) noHfly JIH fl ceroAHfl b SnGjiHoxcKy. He asked whether I should go to the library today. JIHHfilflKA /., gen. pi. -CK 1. ruler. 2. line. TexpaAt b jiHHCHKy. A ruled copy-book. JlfiHHH /. 1. line. IIpHMafl jihhhh. A straight line. KpHBafl jihhhh. A curved line. IlapaJiJiejibHHe jiiiHHn. Parallel lines. 2. fig. policy. JIhhhh napxHH. The policy of a party. JIHCT^ m., pi. jiHcxbH, JiifcxbCB leaf OceHHHe JEHCXbfl. Autumn leaves. JlHCXbH B ca^y no>KejixeJ[H. The leaves in the garden have turned yellow. JIHCT^ m., pi. JiHcxw, JiHCxoB sheet JIhcx 6yMarH. A sheet of paper. JIhcx wejiesa. A sheet of iron. JIHTE^ATyPA /. 1. literature. CoBexcKan Jinxepaxy- pa. Soviet literature. Apa6cKaH jiHxepaxypa. Arabic literature. HsyH^xb JiHxepaxypy. To study literature. 2. literature. Jlnxepaxypa no axoMy Bonpocy. The literature on this subject. JlHTEPAXyPHlblfl, -an, -oe, -we liter- ary JlHxepaxypHHH hsmk. The literary language'. Jlnxepax^pnoe npoHSBe- ABHHe. A work of literature. Jlnie- paxypuHH KpyHtoK. A literary so- ciety. JIHTb, Jib|io, -emb, -lox; imper. Jienl jieHxel imp. h x o? to pour JiHXb BoAy B cxaKan. To pour water into the glass. <> AoJKAb JibCT KaK n3 BeApa. It is raining cats and dogs. JIHU;0 neut., pi. Jiiina face 1. face. BjieAHoe jihho. A pale face. PyMHHoe jihho.^ A rosy face, no ee Jinny xeKyx cJieau. Tears are streaming down her cheeks . ^ m 2. face. Oh cxohji JinnoM k oKHy. fl He stood with his face turned to the window. <> FoBopHTb B Jieuo hto-jihSg ko- My-JiH6o. To say something to somebody's face. BwcTynaxb or jiaua Kor6-JiH6o. To speak on JIHH 63 jiy»i I h somebody's behalf. Ha hcm jih- iia Hex! He looks awful! JIflHII|bIfl, -aH, -oe, -He personal, private JlHHHaH c66cTBeHH0CTb. Personal property. JIPiHHoe ^eJio. One's pri- vate business. JIflfflfllHfl, -HH, -ee, -He 1. extra, spare. Hex jih y Bac jiHfflHero 6iiJieTa? Have you got a spare ticket? 2. unnecessary. 3th Benin JiiiniHHe, fl He B03bMy HX c co66h. These things are unnecessary; I won't take them with me. JIOB m., gen. Ji6a forehead BticoKHH Jio6. A high forehead. HIT3KHH Jio6. A low forehead. JIOBflTb, JIOBJIK), JIOBHmb, JIOBHT imp. K 0 r 6? H T 0? hcm?//). hoh- MalTb, -10, -enib, -iot 1. to catch, IIoHMaTb mah. To catch the ball. 2. to catch. JIoBHTb pH6y cexbio, y^OHKOH. To catch fish with a net, fishing-rod. JIobhtb nxnn;. To catch birds. 3. fig. to catch, to devour. JIobiitb B3rJifl;i;. To catch somebody's eye. JIoBHTb CJiOBa. To devour every word. <> JIoBHTb Ha cJiOBe. To take some- body at his word. Oh noiiMaji ceSn Ha MucjiH, ^TO ayMaex o neii. He caught himself thinking about her. JI0BK|HB[, -aH, -oe, -ne, short form JiOBOK, JioBKa, jiobkIo, -h; adv. jiob- KO 1. agile. JIoBKHH cnopxcMeH. An agile sportsman. 2. adroit. JIobkhh npHjKOK. An adroit jump. MaJibHHK jiobko BJiea Ha Aepeno. The boy climbed the tree adroitly. JIOAlKA /., gen. pi. -ok boat B Jioj^HQ Shjio xpn ^eJiOBena. There were three people in the boat. Ka- xaxbCH Ha JioAKe. To go boating. JIOHClflTbCH, -ycb, -nnibCH, -axcn imp. Ky^a? / p. Jie^b, Jifllry, ->Kenib, -ryx, past Jier, Jierji|a, -6, -h; imper. jiar! JiHrxe! to lie fl Jier Ha ^HBan. / lay down on the divan, fl pano Jiowycb cnaxb. / go to bed early. JI05K|KA /., gen. pi. -en spoon GxoJioBbie H ^aHHwe ji6>kkh. Ta- blespoons and teaspoons. IIpHHHMaTb jieKapcxBo no ctojioboh JioJKKe xpn paaa b Aeub. To take a tablespoon of medicine three times a day. JIOMA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. h x o? / p. cji0Ma|xb, -K), -enib, -lox 1. to break. CjioMaxb najiny. To break a stick. PeSenoK JioMaex HrpymKH. The child breaks its toys . 2. fig.: Oh floJiro JiOMaJi rojiosy uaA xpy/i,HOH saAaneH. He cudg- elled his brains over the diffi- cult problem for a long time. JIOMAlTbCfl, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -excH, -ioxch imp. / p. cjiOMa|xbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -exCH, -lOXCH to break MeJi JiOMaexcH. The chalk crum- bles. Eepo CJioMaJiocb. The nib has broken. JIOniA/tb /., gen. pi. Jiomaj^eu, instr. JiomaAbMH horse PaSonan JidmaAi>. A draught horse. EsAHXb na JioraaAH. To ride a horse . JiyK m., no pi. onion(s) SeJieHHH JiyK. Spring onions. Mh- co c JiYKOM. Meat with onions. JIYHA /.* moon Ha He6e no^uHJiacb MOJio^an Jiyna. A new moon rose in the sky. Co- BexcKHe yqeuHe c$OTorpa{|)MpoBaJiH o6paxHyio cxopony Jlynu. Soviet scientists photographed the reverse side of the Moon. JIYH m., gen. -a ray, beam JTyHH coJiHua. Sunbeams. JlSHWLE 1. comp. of adj. xopomnu better. Tboh pncynoK jiyqme, ^eM moh. Your drawing is better than mine . 2. comp. of adv. xopomo better, nnmnxe jiyqme! Write more carefully! predic. imper s. BoJibHOMy cxaJio Jiynme. The sick man felt better. 3. particle rather. Mne He xo^excH njijii B xeaxp, hohagm Jiynme B KHHO. / don't want to go to the theatre, let's rather go to the cinema. jiyn 64 MAJI <> CTapbiil Apyr jiyqme hoblix flBVX (proverb). An old friend is better than two new ones. Jlyqme nosAHO, hgm HHKorAa. Better late than never. Jlyime Bcero. Best of all. KaK m6h{ho Jiyqme. As best as one can. JI^HiniHfl, -an, -ee, -ne superl. of xopomnii the best 9to Jiyninee 3AaHHe b ropofle. This is the best building in the city. 3x0 Jiy^fflHii cxyAeHx naineH rpyn- ntr. He is the best student in our group. 9xa KHtira — Jiyqmee npoH3- BCAeHHe axoro nncaxejiH. This book is the best work of this writer. JII>I>KIT pi., sing. JibiHta skis CJiOMaxL JiHJKH. To break one's skis. Ouii JiiooHx X0A»Tb Ha JiH>Kax. They like to go skiing. Ka?KAoe BocKpeceHbe mw KaxaeMca Ha jim- >Kax. Every Sunday we go skiing. .lK)BHM|blH, -aH, -oe, ue 1. beloved, favourite. JIio6riMafl fle- ByniKa. One's beloved girl. JIio- oHMtiH cwH. One's favourite son. 2. beloved, favourite. JIio6hmhii ropoA. One's beloved city. JlioSii- MLiri HHcaxeJib. One's favourite writer. JIio6HMaH KHiira. One's favourite book. JIio6HMoe 6jik)ao. One's favourite dish. JIIOBHTb, jiio6jii6, JnoSunib, jik)6hx imp. K 0 r 6? q X 0? or ~\- inf. / p. nojiK)6HXb, nojiio6jii6, noJuoSnmb, nOJHOOHT 1. to love. JlK)5HXb poAHHy. To love one's country. JIiodnTb Maxb. To love one's mother. IlojiioSiixb AeBymKy. To fall in love with a girl. JlioSrixb jiHxepaxypy, pa66- xy. To love literature, work. 2. to like. H jiioSjipo nrpaxb na poHJie. / like to play the piano. JIK)B|OBATLCH, -yiocb, yembCH, -yioxcH imp. k e m? h e m? / />. no- Jiio6|oBaxbcH, -yiocb, -yeiubCH, -yioxcH to admire JlloGOBaXbGH BOCXOAOM COJIHLta. To admire the sunrise. JlK)6oBaxbCH peSeHKOM. To admire a child. JIIOBOBb /., gen. jiioSbh, instr. Jiio- SoBbK) K KOMy? K HCMy? love ITepBafl JiioSoBb. One's first love. CqacxJiHBafl JiioSoBb. A happy love. Heciacxnafl JiroSoBb, An unhappy love. JIioSoBb K poAHHe, k jiioahm, K AGTHM, K pa56xe, K HayKe. Love of one's country, of people, of children, of work, of science. Oh c JiioCoBbK) CACJiaJi 3xy Ben;b. He made this thing with enthusiasm. JIK)B|Ofl, -aH, -6e, -tie 1. any. IIpHxoAHTe ko mhc b jiio- 66e BpeMH. Come to see me at any time. Oh 6liji roxoB bmooji- HflXb jiK)5yio pa66xy. He was ready to do any work. 2. used as n. anyone. JlioSoii saw CKaJKex, TAe naxoAHxcH Mexpo. Anyone will tell you where the underground station is. JIK)BOnb'ITH|bin, -aa, -oe, -Me 1. curious, JIioGonbixHLiM neJioBeK. A curious person. 2. fig. inquisitive. JIioSonwxHLiH BsrJiHA. An inquisitive eye. JlK)Jl,H pi., gen., ace. jik)a6h, dat. JiiS^flM, instr. jiiOAbMH, prepos. o jiiOAHx; sing. nejioBeK m. people M, M MArA3HH m. shop IIpOAOBOJIbCXBeHHHH MarasHH. A food shop. KoHAHxepcKHH Maraaiin. A confectionery. yHHBepcaJibHHii MaraauH. A department store. Ky- ni'ixb npoAynxLi b MarasHHe. To buy foodstuffs at a shop. MAfl ni. May Tenjibiii Man. A warm May. H po- AHJiCH B Mae. / was born in May. MAJI, -a, -6, -hi short adj. (cf. MAJIEHbKHfl) too small 3xH 5oximKH cxaJiH Majibi Majib^H- Ky. These boots have become too small for the boy. MAJIEHbKlHfl, -an, -oe, -ne, short form Maji, MaJia, MaJio, Majibi; comp. MeHbme (q. v.) 1. small. MajieHbKaH KOMHaxa. A small room. HeJioBCK MajieHLKo- ro pocxa. A short man. 2. little. MaJieHbKHe acth. Little children. Tm eme Maji. You are too young yet. MAJIO adv., comp. MeHbme (q. v.) little Oh MaJio roBopnx, ho mhofo Ae- Jiaex. He says little, but he does a lot. Oh eJi Majio Maca. He ate little MAJI 65 MEJJ, meat. Ha CTenax BHceno Majio KapiHH. There were few pictures on the walls. MAJIBHHK m. boy BocnHTaHHHH MajibHHK. A well- bred boy. MaJibHHK cbmh Jiex. A seven-year-old boy. MAMA /. mummy MAPI K A /., gen. pi. -oK postage stamp HoHToBaH MapKa. A postage stamp. KoJiJiGKitHfl MapoK. A collection of stamps. HaKJieHTb MapKy. To stick a stamp. MAPT m. March B Mapxe HaHHHaeT TaaTL cner. In March the snow begins to thaw. MACJIO neut., no pi. 1. butter. CJiHBo^Hoe MacJio. But- ter. XJieS c MacjioM. Bread and butter. 2. oil. IIoAcoJiHe^Hoe MacJio. Sun- flower-seed oil. MACTEP m., pi. -a 1.: HacoBOH Macxep. A watchmaker. 2.: TypreneB — saMeHaxeJibUHn MacTep nenaajKa. Turgenev is extremely skilful in portraying nature. 3. foreman. Macxep b nexe. The foreman in a shop. 4. master. Macxep cnopxa. A rnas- ter of sport. <> Macxep na Bce pyKH. Jack-of- all-trades. MACTEPCK|AH /., gen. oh 1. repair shop. MacxepcKan no pe- MOHxy nacoB. A watch repair shop. PaSoxaxb b MexannHecKOH MacxepcKOH. To work at a ma- chine shop. 2. studio. MacxepcKafl xyAOJKHHKa. An artist's studio. MATEMATHKA /., no pi. mathemat- ics BticmaH MaxeiviaxHKa. Higher mathe- matics. 3K3aMeH no MaxeMaxHKe. An examination in mathematics. Hayqaxb MaxeMaxHKy. To study mathematics. MATEPHAJI m. 1. material. Maxepnaji j^jia ^Hccep- xan;HH. Material for one's thesis. GoSnpaxb MaxepnajiM o jkh3hh HseecxHoro nncaxeJifl. To col- 5—4002 lect material on the life of a well-known writer. 2. material. Maxepnaji na kocxiom. Material for a suit. lUeJiKOBHiH Maxepnaji, Silk material. MATPOC m. deckhand, sailor, seaman GMeJiHH Maxpoc. A brave seaman. GjiyjKHXb MaxpocoM na KopaSjie. To serve as a deckhand on a ship. MATb /., gen., dat., prepos. Maxepn, instr. Maxepbio; pi. Maxepn, Maxe- pen, etc. mother JlK)6HMaH Maxb. One's beloved moth- er, y Maxepn ^Boe ^exen. The mother has two children. <> Po^HHa-Maxb. Mother country. MAXATb, Mamy, Mamemb, Marayx or colloq. Maxalio, -emb, -lox imp. k o- M y? H e M?/p. MaxHJyxb, -y, -emb, -yx to Wave, to flap Maxaxb njiaxKoM na npomaHbe. To wave good-bye with one's handker- chief. Maxaxb pyKon xoBapnmy. To wave one's hand to a friend. nxHn;a Mamex KpwJibHMH, The bird is flapping its wings. MAXHYTb see MAXATb MAmflHA /. 1. machine, engine. IlapoBaH Ma- mnna. A steam engine. CejibCKO- X03flHcxBeHHafl Maraima. An agricultural machine. ElBenHafl Mamnna. A sewing machine. 2. motor-car. JlerKOBan Mamiina. A passenger-car. FpysoBafl Ma- mnna. A lorry. Exaxb na Mamri- ne. To ride in a car. MEBEJIb /., no pi. furniture MarKan MeSeJib. Upholstered furni- ture. Kymixb noByio MeSeJib. To buy new furniture. MEJi;AJIb /. medal HarpaHtASTb Me^aJibio. To award a medal. OKomnxb mKOJiy c sojio- xoH Me;;aJibio. To get a gold medal on leaving school. GnopxcMen aasoeBaJi Me^ajib. The sportsman won a medal. MEfl;BE/Jb m. bear BeJiHH MCABeAb. A polar bear. MEJ^Waj&UA /., no pi. medicine (science) MEAHqflHCKlHfl, -an, -oe, -ne med- ical Meflnn;HHCKHH HHCxnxyx, A medi- cal institute. MEA 66 MEP MEAJIEHHIblfl, -an, -oe, -we; adv. MGAJieHHO slow MeAJicHHHH Bajibc. A slow waltz. FoBopHTb MGA'fieHHO. To Speak slow- ly. Pa6oTaTi> MGAJieHHO. To work slowly. MEJKAy prep. + instr. between Me>KAy mKa(|)OM h nMCbMeHHWM CTOJioM CTOHJio KpccJio. There was an armchair between the bookcase and the desk. 3to npoH3oniJi6 MCJKAY 1942 H 1945 roAOM. That happened between 1942 and 1945. J^a sApaBCTByex Mnp ii APy?K6a MejKAY HapoAaMHl Long live peace and friendship between peoples! <> MewAy npoiHM. By the way. MeacAy HaMH. Between ourselves. Me>KAy HaMH roBopa. Strictly be- tween you and me. MESKAyHAPOAHlblH, an, -oe, -ue international MeH^AynapoAHLie OTHoraenHH. Inter- national relations. MejKAyHapoAHaH oSciaHOBKa. The international situ- ation. MEJIKlHfl, -an, -oe, -ne; adv. MeJiKo; comp. MeJiL^e 1. small. MeJiKan pw6a. Small fish. 2. small. MeJiKan Moneia. Small change. 3. flat. MeJiKaa lapeJiKa. A flat plate. 4. petty. MeJiKaa 6ypjKya3HH. Petty bourgeoisie. 5. narrow. MeJiime HHxepecti. Nar- row interests. 6. shallow. 3Aecb mcjiko. IVs shallow here. MEJIOH|b /., gen. pi. -m 1. no pi. change. B MarasMne Mne AaJiH CAa^iy MeJio^bio. They gave me the change in small coins in the shop. 2. trifle. Oh aaHnMaeiCH KaKWMH- TO MeJio^aMH. He is busy with some trifles. MeJiOHH >kh3Hh. The trifles of life. 3x0 mcjiohh. These are trifles. MEHEE adv. less KaxaxbCH na Jitiwax ne Meeee hh- xepecHo, qeM KaxaxbCH na KonbKax. Skiing is no less interesting than skating. <> TeM He Menee. Nevertheless. MEHbinE 1. comp. of adj. MajieHbKHii small- er. Tboh KOMHaxa Meebme mo^h. Your room is smaller than mine. 2. comp. of adv. Majio less. Tu 3a- HHMaembCH M^Hbme, neM naAO. You spend less time on your studies than you ought to. MEHbmHHCTBO neut. minority BojibmHHcxBo Ha coSpaHHH roJio- coBajio «3a», MeHbmHHCXBo — «np6- xnB». The majority at the meeting voted for, and the minority voted against. MEHfllTbCH, -K)Cb, -embCH, -ioxch imp. 1. qCM? C K e M? p. 05MeHflIXbCH, -HDCb, -embCH, -IOXCH to exchange. MeHHXbCH MapKaMH c xoBa- pHmeM. To exchange postage stamps with a friend. 05MeHflXb- ^H MneHHHMH. To exchange opin- ions. 2. p. H3MeHHXbCH, H3MeHK)Cb, HSMe- mirabCH, H3MeHflxcH to change. rioroAa mchhcxch. The weather is changing. Hacxpoenne mc- HHexcH, The mood is changing. IIoroAa pesKO nsMennjiacb. The weather has changed sharply. MEP A /. 1. measure. Mepbi a-JIHhli. Measures of length. MepH Beca. Measures of weight. 2. usu. pi. measures. PemnxeJibHHe Mepu. Decisive measures. Jlpn- HHXb MepLi. To take measures. 3xa Mepa ne noMorJia. This measure didn't help. <> 3to HeHHTepecHO, ho no Kpaii- Hcii Mepe nojieano. This is not interesting but at least it is useful. MEP3H|yTb, -y, -emb, -yx, past Mepa, -Jia, -Jio, -JiH imp./p. 3aMep3Hlyxb, -y, -emb, -yx, past 3aMep3, -Jia, -jio, -JIH to freeze y MenH 3aMep3JiH pymi. My hands are frozen. 3hm6h h BcerAa Mepa- Hy. / always feel cold in winter. MEPjHTb, -K», -nmb, -hx imp. q x o?/ p. noMepInxb, -lo, -nmb, -hx {or npHMepnxb) to try on Mepnxb KOCXiOM. To try on a suit. IIoMepHxb xy(J)JiH. To try on shoes. MEP 67 MEin M£PTB|bIII, -an, -oe, -He dead MepxBoe tcjio. A dead body. <> MepxBafl TnmHHa. Dead silence. Cnaxb MepxBbiM chom. To sleep like a log. MECTHIWfl, -an, -oe, -He local MecTHHe o6HHaH. Local customs. MecTHHe minejin noKasajin xypnc- TaM j^opory. The local inhabitants showed the tourists the way. MECT|0 neut., pi. -a, mcct, -aM, etc. 1. seat. 3to mccto cbo66;iho? Is this seat vacant? 3x0 Mecxo saHflxo. This seat is taken. Vcxy- DHXB Mecxo weHiDiHHe. To offer one's seat to a woman. Bcxaxb c Mecxa. To stand up. 2. place, spot. JKHBonHCHoe Mecxo, A picturesque spot. <> 3to ero 6ojibn6e Mecxo. This is his sore spot. MECflli; m. month SHMHHe MecHDiH. Winter months. 5 Mecflii;eB uadaji. 6 months ago. B KaKOM Mecfli];e bbi poAHJiiicb? In which month were you born? METAJIJI m. metal ^epHHe MexajiJiH. Ferrous metals. I^BexHHe MexaJiJiH. Non-ferrous metals. METAJlJIflHECKIHIl, -aH, -oe, -ne metal METAJIJiyprflHECKlHH, -aH,-oe,-He metallurgical MexaJiJiyprH^ecKHH saBOA. A metal- lurgical plant. MexaJiJiyprwHecKan npoMbimjieHHOcxb. The metallurgi- cal industry. WEsTOJl m. method j3,HaJieKXHHecKHH MexoA. The dia- lectical method. HpaBHJibHHH Mexo^. The correct method. IIpHMeHHXb h6- BHe Mexo^H, To use new methods. IIoJibBOBaxbCH Mexo^OM. To employ a method. METP m. metre KBaj^paxHHH MCxp. A square metre. KySHHecKHH Mexp. A cubic metre. 5 MexpoB Maxepnajia. 5 metres of material. METPO neut., indecl. underground rail- way GxIhi^hh Mexpo. An underground station. Exaxb na Mexpo. To go by the underground. KaK npoHxii k 5* Mexpo? What's the way to the underground station? MEX m., prepos. o Mexe & na Mexy; pi. -a fur JIhchh Mex. Fox fur. IlymHCXHH Mex. Soft fur. MEXAHH3AI^HH /., no pi. mechani- sation Mexamisai^Hfl xpy^a. The mechani- sation of labour. MexaHHsai^HH npo- n;eccoB nponsBoflCXBa. The mechani- sation of the production processes MEXAHH3flP|0BATb, -yro, -yemb, -yiox imp. & p. hxo? to mechanise MexaHH3HpoBaxb xpy^. To mecha- nise labour. MexanHanpoBaxb ceJib- CKoe X03HHCXB0. To mechanise ag- riculture. MEXAHHK m. mechanic B i^exe paSoxaJi cxapHH MexannK. An old mechanic worked in the shop. JleXHHK OHCHb JtpyjKHJI CO CBOHM MexaHHKOM. The flyer was on very friendly terms with his mechanic. MEXAHfl^ECKinn, -an, -oe, -ne 1. of mechanics. MexaniiHecKHe 3a- KOHbi. Laws of mechanics. 2. mechanics. MexauMqecKHH ^a- Kyjibxex. The mechanics depart- ment. 3. mechanical. MexannqecKaH ciiJia. Mechanical strength. MEXOBlOfl, -an, -de, -Lie fur MexoBoe naJibxo. A fur coat. Mexo- Ban mauKa. A fur cap. MEMTA /., gen. pi. not used dream Me^xLi 0 6yAyn];eM. Dreams of the future. Menxbi o cnacxbe. Dreams of happiness. MeHxa Been >kh3hh. The dream of one's whole life. OcymecxBHXb cbok) Me^xy. To ac- complish one's dream. Me^XH c6h- Jir'fCb. One's dreams have come true. MEHTA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. o K 6 M? 0 H e M? to dream Me^xaxb o CHacxbe. To dream of happiness. Menxaxb o nyxemecx- BHHX. To dream about travelling. MEIHAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. k o- M y? H e M y? + i^f- I P- noMema|xb, -10, -erab, -lox to prevent, to hinder Pa^Ho Memajio cxy^enxy sauHMaxb- CH. The radio prevented the student from studying. MEIIIIOK m., gen. -Ka sack MemoK MyKH. A sack of flour. MHJI 68 MHO ^ KynHTfa Koxa b MemKe (prov- erb). Cf. To buy a pig in a poke. MHJIMUHOHfiP m. militiaman 06paTi'iTbCH K MHJiHi;HOHepy. To ask a militiaman. MflJI|blQ, -an, -oe, -we, short form MHJI, MHJia, MHJi|o, -u iiice MiiJiafl AesyfflKa. A nice girl. Mii- Jioe JiHqo. A nice face. <> C MHjiLiM pau u B majiame (proverb), Cf. Love in a cottage. MflMO 1. adv. by. IIpoHTH mhmo. To pass by. 2. prep. + gen. past. Uoesji npoexaJi MIIMO CTaHn,HH H HC OCTaHOBIIJICH, The train went past the station without stopping. MHHHCTEPCTBO neut. ministry MHHHCiepcTBo 4>HHaHC0B. The Min- istry of Finance. MnniicTepcTBO HHOCxpaHHtix j^eji. The Ministry of Foreign Affairs. MHHflCTP m. minister BoeHHtiH MnHHCxp. The War Min- ister. Mhhhctp (|)HHaHCOB. The Minister for Finance. Mhhhctp Bucmero o6pa30BaHHH. The Minis- ter of Higher Education. IlpeMbep- MHHHCip. The Prime Minister. Co- Bex MHHHCxpoB. The Council of Ministers. npeAccAaxejib coBexa mh- HHCxpoB. The Chairman of the Coun- cil of Ministers. MHHytA /. minute niecTbjiecHX MHHVX. Sixty minutes. GeH^ac HexHpe MHHyxH Bxopoio. It is four minutes past one. Genqac 6e3 j^ecHXii Mnnyx ;i;Ba. It is ten minutes to two. <> IIpuxoAHTe K HaM B CBo66aHyio MoeyTy. Come and see us any time you can. Cmo MHHyTy. Just a minute. MHPi m. 1. no pi. universe. TeopHH o npo- HCXojKAeHHH MPipa. /4 theory on the origin of the universe. 2. world, ^pyrae Mnpw. Other worlds. 3. no pi. world. Oh o6'i>e3AHJi Becb MHp. He travelled all over the world. riepBHH B MHpe. The first in the world. Becb MHp. The whole world. MHP2 m., no pi. peace BoHHa H MHp. War and peace. AxoM AJIH MHpa. Atom for peace. Mnpy MHpl Peace to the world! 3aKJiK)HHXb MHp. To concludc peace. noAUHcaxb MHP To sign a peace treaty. MflPHblft, an, oe, -ue adj. of MHpa 1. peace. Mnpnue oxHomeHHH. Peace- ful relations. 2. peace, peaceful. Mnpnoe BpeMH. Peace time. Mhphhh xpy^. Peace- ful labour. Mupnoe cxpoH- xejibcxBO. Peaceful construction. 3.: Mhphlih ^oroBop. A peace treaty. MnpHHe neperoBopu. Peace talks. MHPOB|0fl, -an, -6e, -tie adj. of MHPi MHpoBafl BOHHa. World War. Mh- poBoH pwHOK. World market. Mh- poBSH cJiaBa. World fame. IlHca- xejib c MHpoBMM HMCHeM. A world- famous writer. MHPOJIIOBflBILlH, -an, -oe, -we peace- ful' MnpojiiooiiBafl nojiHXHKa. Peaceful policy. MnpojnoGiiBHe napoAM- Peace- loving nations. MtlTHHr m. meeting, rally MwTHHr npoxecxa. A meeting of protest. MtixHHr b noAAepJKKy... A rally in support of... Mhxhhf b aa- miixy Koro/^iero-JiHSo. A meeting in defence of somebody I something. BbicxyHHXb Ha MnxHHre c pe^bio. To make a speech at a meeting. MJIAflmiHn, -an, ee, -ne younger MJiaATUHH 6paT. A younger (the youngest) brother. MJiaamafl cecxpa. A younger sister. MHEHHE neut. opinion CaMOcxoffxeJibHoe Mnenue. An inde- pendent opinion. Flo .MOCMy wne HHK). In my opinion. BbiCKasaxb MHeHHe. To give an opinion Paa- Aejifixb qbe-JiH6o MHenne. To share somebody's opinion. 06MeHflXbCH MHeHHHMH. To exchange opinions. Bbixb BbicoKoro (neBHCOKoro, xo- pomero, nJioxoro) MHennn o hcjio- B^Ke (o KHHre). To think highly {not much, much, bad) of a man (of a book). MHOrnE 1. followed by n. in pi. many. MHorHO cxpaHH. Many countries. 2. used as n. many. MHorne aaHHMa- MHO MOP K)TCH cnopTOM. Many people go in for sport. MHOrO adv., comp. 66jibine (q. v.) 1. a lot. Mnoro pa66TaTb. To work a lot. 2. many, much, a lot. Mnoro Jiio- flefi. Many people. Mnoro neHer. Much money. Mnoro fleJia A lot of things to do. Mnoro napoAa. A lot of people. MHOrOE a lot Mne em;e Mnoroe na^o czt^Jiaxb. I've still got a lot of things to do. MOrflJIA /. grave MOryH|Hfl, -an, -ee, -ne mighty, powerful Moryqan crpana. A mighty country, Moryqan pena. A mighty river. Moryqan apMHH. A mighty army. MoryHHH roJioc. A powerful voice. M05KET BblTb maybe, perhaps MoJKeT 6litb, h npncAy ceroAna. / may come today. MomeT 6LiTb, sto H laK. Perhaps, that is so. M05KH0 K 0 M y? + inf. 1. it is possible, can. 3to m6>kho caeJiaTb 3a xpn ahh. This can be done in three days. 2. may. MoJKno bshtb Kniiry? May I take the book? Moh^ho bohth? May I come in? BojibnoMy mojk- no ryjiHTb TOJibKO fl,Ba qaca. The sick man is allowed to walk only two hours. M03r m., no pi. FojiOBHoH M03r. The brain. Cnnn- HOH M03r, The spinal cord. MOfl, MOH, Moe, MOH pron. my mine Moh flOM. My house. Moh ccMbfi. My family. Moe naJibxo. My coat. Mon ApysbH. My friends. 3x0 Moe. It's mine. MOKPIMA, -an, -oe, He, short form MOKp, MOKpa, MOKpIo, -w; adv. MOKpo wet MoKpan ojiemjia. Wet clothes. Mok- pHe KpwmH. Wet roofs. Bijxepexb MOKpbie pyKH. To dry one's wet hands. / predic. impers. Ha yjiHue MOKpo. It is wet outside. MOJIHHH /. lightning HpKan MOJIHHH. A bright lightning. CsepKHyjia m6jihhh. Lightning flashed. Mojihhh y^apajia b ^om. The house was struck by lightning. MOJIO^EHCHIblfl, -an, -oe, -He youth MoJiOAejKHHH Benep An evening- party for young people. MoJiOAeH«- nan dpHra^a. Youth team. MOJlOJ^mh /., no pi. youth • MOJIO^IED;, pi. -HM used as pred. fine boy/girl Ona y nac MOJiOAenI She is a fine girl.' MOJlOmOH, -an, -oe, -tie, short form MOJiOA, MOJiOfl;a, m6jioa|o, -h 1. young. Mojio^oH qejioBeK. A young man. On oienb mojio^. He is very young. 2. young, new. xMojio^oe ^epcBO. A young tree. Mojioaoh Kapxo^eJib. New potatoes. MOJIO^OCTb /., no pi. youth GHacxjiiiBafl MoJio^ocxb. A happy youth. B MOJiOAOCxn on xopomo neJi. He sang well in his youth. MOJTOKO neut., no pi. milk CBmee mojioko. Fresh milk. Khuh- Henoe mojioko. Boiled milk. Cry- mennoe mojioko. Condensed milk. K6(|)e c MOJiOKOM. Coffee and milk. Kama na mojioko. Milk cereal pudd- ing. GxaKan MOJiOKa. A glass of milk. MOJIOHHIblH [-mn-l, -an, -oe, -ne milk PvloJio^uHH cyn. Milk soup. Mojioh- nan Kama. Milk cereal pudding. MojioHHBie upojiyKThi. Dairy produce. MOJIHA adv. in silence Oh AOJiro MoJina cMoxpeJi na nero. He looked at him for a long time in silence. MOJIH|ATb, -y, -limb, -ax imp. to keep silent Oh MOJiHaji BCK) ^opory. He kept silent all the way. MOMEHT m. moment yfloSnHH MOMenx. A convenient moment. B 3X0X MOMenx. At that moment. MOH ETA /. coin Bojioxan Monexa. A gold coin. Gxa- pijnnaH Monexa. An old coin. <>MejiKafl MOHexa. Small change. MOPjE neut., pi. -n sea Exaxb MopeM. To go by sea. Ox^h- xaxb na Mope. To rest at the sea- side. Hepnoe Mope. The Black Sea. CpejiHseMHoe Mope. The Mediter- ranean Sea. /fig. Mope rojioe. A sea of heads. MOP 70 MBIJI MOP05KEHOE neut., no pi. ice-cream CJiHBOHHoe, moKOJiaAHoe, opexoBoe, ^pyKTOBoe MopoJKeHoe. Cream, chocolate, nut, fruit ice-cream. MOP03 m. frost BCK) 3HMy CTOHJIH CHJIbHiie MOpO- 3U. There were severe frosts the whole winter. CeroAHH 10 rp^AycoB Mopoaa. It is 10 degrees below zero today. MOPCK|Ofl, -an, -6e, -lie 1. sea. MopcKaH Bo^a. Sea water. MopcKOH 6eper. Seashore. Mop- CKOH BosAyx. Sea air. MopcKoii Bexep. Sea breeze. 2. sea, marine, MopcKofi (|)Jiot. The Marine. MopcKoe nyxemecTBiie. A voyage. <> MopcKaH 6ojie3Hb. Sea-sickness. MOPHK m., gen. -a sailor MojiofloH MopflK. A young sailor. MOCT m., prepos. o Mocxe & Ha moc- xy; pi. MOCXH bridge Mocx Hepea peKy. A bridge across a river. }Kejie3HOAop6>KHLiH mocx. A railway bridge. Gxohxl Ha mocxv. To stand on the bridge. MOTOP m. engine Moxop pa66xaex xopomo. The engine works well. MOTOI^flKJl m. motor-cycle Exaxb Ha Moxoi^iiKJie. To ride on a motor-cycle. MOHb, Mory, MOH^emb, Moryx, past Mor, -Jia, -Jio, -JiiT, no imper.; imp. + inf. I p. CMO'ib, CMory, cMOJKemb, CMoryx, past cMor, -Jia, -Jio, -jih 1. to be able, can. Tw cMomerab npHHXH ceroflHfl ko mhc? Can you come and see me today? 2. to be allowed, may. BojibHoii yjKe Mowex xoAHXb. The patient is already allowed to walk. MOmHIHfl, -an, -oe, -He powerful MomHMH MOXop. A powerful engine. Momnafl AeMOHCxpan;Hfl. A power- ful demonstration. MPAHH|bIfl, -aa, -oe, -He gloomy MpaqHHH HeJioBGK. A gloomy man. MpaqHoe JiHn;6. A gloomy face. MpaHHoe Hacxpoenne. A dismal mood. MpaHHHe mhcjih. Sombre thoughts. M^/^PIblfl, -an, -oe, -ne, short form MyAp, MyApa, My^plo, -h; adv. MyAPo wise MyAPHH HOJiOB^K. A wise man. MyAPoe pem^HHO. A wise decision. Oh nocxynHJi MyAPO. He acted wisely. MYHC m., pi. uymhn, My>KeH, MywbHM husband BHHMaxejibHHH My?K. An attentive husband. 3a66xJiHBHH MyjK. A solici- tous husband. JlK)6Hm;HH MyjK. A loving husband. MS^HCECTBEHHIMfl, -an, oe, -He, short form My?KecxBeH, My>KecxBeH- Hja, -0, -bi; adv. MyHtecxBCHHO cou- rageous MyjKecxBeHHHH neJiOBeK. A cou- rageous man. MyHtecxBeHHHH nocx}'- noK. A courageous action. MySKECTBO neut., no pi. courage npoHBHXb My;KecxBo. To show cour- age. IlMexb MyjKecxBO roBopiixb np^BAy. To have the courage to speak the truth. MyaCCKlOfl, -an, -oe, -iie men's My>KCKafl OACJKAa. Men's clothes. MyjKCKan 66yBb. Men's footwear. MYSKHflHA m. man IlqjKHJioii My?KHHHa. An elderly man. JViySEfl m. museum OcMaxpnBaxb Myaen. To see a mu- seum. M^SblKA /., no pi. music GHM(|)OHHHecKaH MyaHKa. Symphon- ic music. JlerKan MysHKa. Light music. MyaHKa k KHHO(|)HJibMy. Music to a film. Go^HHHXb (hh- caxb) MyaHKy. To compose (write) music. MySblKAJIBHlblfl, -an, -oe, -hb, short form MyaHKaJien, My3HKajib- H|a, -0, -H 1. music(al). MyaHKaJibHaa mKOJia. A music school. MyaHKajibHHG HHCxpyMCHXH. Musical instru- ments. MyabiKaJibHHH Beiep. A musical evening. 2. musical. MyaHKaJibHHH peCenoK. A musical child. MS^XA /. fly MH|ATbCH, -ycb, -nmbCH, -axcH imp. to rush, to dash JIomaAb MHiixcH. The horse is rush- i^S- If^S- BpeMfl MHHXCH. Time flies. Mbl pron., gen., ace. Hac, dat. HaM, instr. HaMH, prepos. o Hac we MlilJIO neut., no pi. soap MbIC 71 HAB MbIC Jib /. thought, idea HHTepecHan mhcjii>. An interesting idea. FjiySoKaH mhcjib. A profound thought. OparnHajibHaH meicjib. An original idea. Mne b roJiOBy npn- mJia MHCJiB. An idea occurred to me. y Hero MejibKHyjia mhcjib. An idea flashed across his mind. MblTb, m6|k), -emb, -iot; imper. moh! imp. K 0 r 6? h t o? h e m? / p. bm- MHTb, BWMO|K), -emb, -IOT to wash MbiTb pyKH. To wash one's hands. Mhtb noji. To wash the floor. MHTb peSeHKa TenjiOH bo/i;6h. To wash a child with warm water. MbiTb nocy- ay mexKOH. To wash the dishes with a brush. MI>ITbCH, Moliocb, -embCH, -iotch imp. I p. BHMHTbCH, BHMO|lOCb, -emb- CH, -lOTCfl to wash MbiTbCfl B Banne. To have a hath. MbiTbCH noA ^ymeM. To take a shower. MMTbCH mhjiom. To wash with soap. MilrKlHfl, -an, -oe, -ne [-xk-], short form MaroK, MarKa, mhfkIo, -h; adv. MflrKO; com p. MHrne 1. soft. MftrKaH no^ymKa. A soft pillow. MnrKHe bojiocw. Soft hair. MarKHH xjie6. Soft bread. | predic. imper s. Ha AHBane 6biJio MHFKO cnaTb. The divan was soft to sleep on. 2. fig. mild. MarKHH KJiMMax. A mild climate. MarKHH xapaKxep. A mild temper. <> MflrKdH Me5ejib. Soft (uphol- stered) furniture. MarKHH saroH. A soft-seated railway carriage. MHCHlOfl, -aa, -6e, -bie meat MacHue npofl;yKTH. Meat products. MacHOH cyn. Meat soup. MflCO neut., no pi. meat IlHpojKKH c MHCOM. Meat pies. MRH m., gen. -a ball OyxSdjibHHH Maq. A football. Bo- JieH66JibHbiH Maq. A volleyball. H, H HA prep. I. + prepos. 1. Qn JiOKaxb Ha cxojie to lie {to be) on the table; BHcexb na cxeae to hang on the wall; nncaxb na 6yMare to write on paper; 2. in, at Ha saBOAe at the works; na pa- 66x6 at work; na ypoKe at the lesson; na KaBKaae in the Cau- casus; na CeBepe in the North; Ha coSpaHHH at a meeting; 3. by exaxb Ha aBx66yce, na napoxo^e to go by bus, by ship; 4.: na npomJiOH He^eJie, na axoH He^eJie last week, this week <> KHHra Ha (|)paHHy3CK0M aabine. A book in French. II. -|- ace. 1. on noJiOHtnxb Ha ctoji to put on the table; noBecHXb na cxeny to hang on the wall; 2.to Ha aaBoA to the works; na pa56- xy to work; na ypoK to the les- son; Ha KaBKas to the Caucasus; Ha Cesep to the North; na co- 6paHHe to a meeting; 3. on caAHXbca Ha anxoSyc, na napo- XOA to get on a bus, to board a ship; 4.: Ha xpexHH j^eRh on the third day. Ha ;i;pyr6H ^enb the next day. Ha HoBMH TOjx on the New Year's Day; 5. for Oh yexaji na neAeJiio. He left for a week. 6. not translated. Oh cxapme Mena Ha 5 Jiex. He is 5 years older than I. 3xox kocxiom js^opome Ha 10 pySjieH. This suit is 10 roubles dearer. <> nepeeecTH na 4>P^Hi^y3CKHH HSbTK. To translate into French. HABJIH)AA|Tb, -10, -emb, -lox imp. H T 0? 3 a H e M? to observe, to watch Ha6Jii0AaTb sa ABHjKeHHCM njianex. To observe the movement of planets. Mh Ha6jiK)AaJiH, nan 3axofl;iijio cojiHHie. We watched the sun set- ting. HABEPHO(E) paren. word probably HaBepHoe, oh ceroAHH ne npH^ex. He will probably not come today. Tu noHAemb b Myaen? — H ne 3HaK) TO^HO, HO, HaBCpHO, HOH^y. ''Will you go to the museum?" HAB 72 HA3 Kysa? upward, up- "/ don^t know for sure, but probably I shall." HABEPX adv. stairs Mh noAHHJiHCB HaBepx, Ha dhthh axaw. We went up to the fourth floor. HABEPXS" adv. r fl e? above, upstairs Mh cjiumaJiH, KaK b KOMHaie na- Bepxy rpoMKO neJiH, a dotom na- qaJiH xaHUGBaTB. We heard people in the room upstairs sing loudly and then begin dancing. HABECTfiTb see HABEin[ATb HABEmA|Tb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. K o r 6? q T 0? / p. naBelcTHTB, -my, -CT^mb, -CTHT to visit HaBeCTHTb GoJibHoro TOBapnma. To visit a sick friend. HABCErj^A adv. for ever H ye3>Kaio h3 3Toro r6pofl;a uaBcer- ;^a. / am leaving this city for good. HABCTPE^y adv. & prep. + dat. to meet one, in the opposite direction Bexep j^yji naBCTpeiy. The wind blew in our faces. HaBCTpeqy saM meji HeJiOBGK. A man was ap- proaching us. HAFPA^A /. award BiicoKaa Harpa^a. A high award. IIoJiyqwTb uarpaAy. To receive an award. HAPPAAflTb see HArPAmflATb HAPPAHCJIAlTb, -K), -emb. -k)t imp. K o r 6? q T 0? q e M? a a h t 6?/p. Harpal^wTb, -jKy, -fl;Hmb, -^ht to award HarpaAHTb opAenoM aa noABHr. To award an order for a feat. HAPPETb see FPETb, 4 HAA (HAAO) prep. + instr. 1. over. Ha A ctojiom bhcht JiaMna. A light hangs over the table. IlTHi^bi jieiaiOT HaA MopeM. The birds are flying over the sea. 2. above, over. HaAO mhoh myMtiT AepeBO. A tree is rustling above me. Mh ctohjih na bhcokom 6e- pery, uaA peKoa. We were stand- ing on the high bank, over the river. 3. at. PaCoxaTb naA AOKJiaAOM. To work at a report. HAJ^EBAITb, -K), -emb, -h)t imp. HTO? Ha K 0 r 6? h a ^t6?/ p. HaAelxb, -Hy, -nemb, -Hyx 1. to put on. HaAesaxb najibxo, fflJiany, nepnaxKH, map$. To put on an overcoat, a hat, gloves, a scarf. HaAexb naJibxo na pe- 6eHKa. To put a coat on a child. 2. to put on. HaAexb ohkii. To put on one's spectacles. HAA^HCAA /. hope Bojibmne naAewAM. Great expecta- tions. HAA^Tb see HA^EBATb HA^ElflTbCH, -K)Cb, -embCH, -ioxch imp. 1. Ha 4x6? or -{- inf. to hope. HaAenxbcH na ycnex, na no6eAy. To hope for success, for vic- tory. H. HaAeiocb yBiiAexb xe6H aaBxpa. / hope to see you tomor- row. 2. to hope, fl HaAeiocb na xo, hxo ^aBxpa noroAa 6yAex Jiynme. / hope the weather will be better tomorrow. Sua K 0 r 6? h a h x 6? to rely. HaAeflXbCH na APyra. To rely on one's friend. HaAeaxbCfl na KOJiJieKXHB. To rely, on the collec- tive. HAJIO KOMy? qeMy? + m/. it is necessary, must Te6e uaAO Muoro aaHHMaxbCH. You must study a lot. Mne HaAO 6hjio Bqepa BCxaxb b 7 nacoB. / had to get up at 7 o'clock yesterday. HAJ^OEJ^AlTb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. KOMy? HGMy? & -j- inf. I p. Ha- Aoecxb, HaAoeM, naAoemb, HaAoecx, HaAoeAHM, HaAoeAHTe, naAoeAflx, past HaAoeJi, -a, -o, -h to be bored, to be tired (of) 3x0 MHe HaAoeJio. / am tired of this. HaM HaAoeJia njioxan noroAa- We are tired of the bad weather. Mne naAoejio roBopnxb o6 9tom. / am tired of speaking about that. Mhg HaAoeJio HHHero He AeJiaxb. / am bored with doing nothing. HAAOECTb see HAAOE^AXb HA3AA adv. 1. KyA^? back. Hahxg HasaA- Go back. H HOCMOxp^Ji HaaaA- / looked back. 2. a^o. Mh npnexajin 3 MecHua Ha- SEA- We arrived 3 months ago. HA3 73 HAJI \ 9to 6hjio MHoro jigt TOMy Ha- 3aA. That was many years ago. HA3BAHHE neut. name, title HasBaHHe poMana, KHiirn, khho- ^HJibMa. The name of a novel, book, film. HA3BATb see HA3HBATb HA3HAHA|Tb, -lo, -emb,^ -iot imp. q T o? K 0 M y? q e M y? II K o r 6? q T 0? K e M? q e M? / jD. HaaHaqJHTb, -y, -Hfflfa, -ax 1. to fix. HaanaqaTb CBHAaHHe. To make an appointment. HasHaqnxb co6paHHe na 6 qacoB. To fix the meeting for 6 o'clock. 2. to appoint. HaanaqHTb kofo-jih- 6o fl;HpeKTopoM. To appoint some- body director. 3. to prescribe. HasnaqHTb 6ojib- HOMy JieKapcTBO. To prescribe medicine for a patient. HA3HAHHTb see HA3HAqATb HA3bIBA|Tb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. K 0 r 6? q T 0? / jo. HasBaxb, HasoBJy , -emb, -yx 1. to name. HaaoBHxe pyccKHX nn- caxeJien, KoxopHx bh anaexe. Name the Russian writers you know. HaaoBHxe 6oJibmHe ropo;i,a Bamen cxpaHH. Name the large cities of your country. 2. to name. Ee nasBajiH KaxH (Ka- xew). She was named Katya. HA3bIBA|TbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. rare- ly used, 3rd pers. -excfl, -loxcfl to be called KaK Ha3HBaexcfl Sxa yjiHn;a? What is the name of this street? KaK na- BHBaexcfl 3X0X KHHOxeaxp? What is the name of this cinema? HAH3^CTb adv. by heart Bnaxb nanaycxb. To know by heart. yqnxb HanaycxB. To learn by heart. HAflTfl see HAXOAflTb & HCKATb HAKA3ATb see HAKA3bIBATb HAKA3bIBA|Tb, -k), -emb, -lox imp. K 0 r 6? q X o? a a q x o?//*. naKa- aaxb, HaKajKy, naKaJKemb, iiaKajKyx to punish HaKaaaxb peSenKa aa hjioxoh no- cxynoK. To punish a child for mis- behaviour. HaKaaaxb qeJiOBeKa aa npecxynjienne. To punish a person for committing a crime. HAKAHYHE 1. adv. the day before. HaKaHyne MH 6mjih b khho. We were at the cinema the day before. 2. prep, -f- gen. on the eve. HaKa- nyne HoBOro roAa. On New Year's eve. HaKanyne npaa^HH- Ka, flHH pojKAeHHH. On the eve of the holiday, on the eve of one's birthday. HAKJIOHflTbCH see HAKJIOHilTb- CH HAKJIOHillTbCH, -locb, -embra, -MXCH imp. I p. HaKJIOHMXbCH, ua- KJIOHIOCb, HaKJiOHHmbCH, HaKJIQ- Hflxcfl to bend Maxb HaKJioHHJiacb Ha^ peSeuKOM. The mother bent over her child. HAKOHEp; adv. at last HaKonen; oh npnmeji. At last he has come. HAKOPMflTb see KOPMflTb HAKPbIBA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. q X 0? q e M? / /?. HaKpwxb, HaKpolK), -emb, -lox to cover HaKpHXb cxoJi CKaxepxbio. To cover the table with a table-cloth. HAKPblBAjTbCH, -locb, -embCH, -lOxcH imp. ^eu? / p. naKptixbcH, HaKp6|K)Cb, -embCH, -ioxch to cover oneself HaKpHBaxbCH OAenJiOM. To cover oneself with a blanket. HaKpuBaxbCH nJian^oM. To cover oneself with a raincoat. HAKPb'ITb see HAKPblBATb HAKPb'ITbCH see HAKPblBATbCH HAJIEBO adv. 1. Ky^a? to the left. IIohxh, no- exaxb, noBepnyxb naJieBO. To go, to drive, to turn to the left. 2. r^e? on, at, to the left {cf. CJIEBA). HaJieBO ox namero flOMa naxoAHXCH MaraanH. To the left of our house is a shop. HAJIHBAjTb, -TO, -emb, -lox q x o? (q e r 6?) k o m y? k y a a? imp./ p. HaJiHXb, naJib|i6, -emb, -lox; imper. HaJieH, past najiHJi, naJiHJia, najin- Ji|o, -H to pour out HaJiHBaxb rocxK) qaio. To pour out tea for the guest. HaJiiixb boabi b rpa|)HH. To fill a carafe with water. HAJIflTb see HAJlHBATb HAJlOr m. tax Bhcokhb naJioFH. High taxes. HAO 74 HAP IIOAOXOAHHH HaJior. Income tax. IIJiaTHTB naJior. To pay a tax. HAOBOPOT adv. 1. the other way round. Oh Bcerj3;a Bce ;^eJIaJI naoSopox. He always did everything the other way round. 2. on the contrary. Ona ne 3a- CMeflJiacb, a, naoGopoT, aanjia- KaJia. She did not laugh, on the contrary, she began crying. HAIIAJ^A|Tb, -K), -euib, -iot imp. iia K 0 r 6? Ha 11 T 0?//). nanacxB, na- naAly, -enib, -yx, past nanaji, -a, -o, -H to attack Tiirpu HanaAaiox na qeJiOBena. Ti- gers attack people. HAHACTb see HAHAAATb HAnEHATATb see nEHATATb HAnilCATb see HHCATb HAnOMHHAITb, -lo, -emb, -lox imp. K o M y? u X 0? or o k 6 m? o 4 e M? / p. nanoMHliixb, -lo, -irnib, -hx 1. to remind. Oh HanoMHHJi MHe o HaniHX npeHCHHx Bcxpe^ax. He reminded me of our past meetings. 2. K 0 r 6? to remind. Oh nanoM- HHJi MHe o;];Hor6 MejioBena. He reminded me of a certain person. HAnOMHHTb see HAllOMHHATb HAHPABHTb see HAHPABJlHTb HAHPABHTbCH see HAHPABJIilTb- CH IIAnPABJIEHHE neut. 1. direction. HanpaBJiemie ;];BHjKe- HHH. The direction of a move- ment. rioesAa HAyx b pasHMX HanpaBJieHHHX. The trains are go- ing in different directions. 2. school. JiHxepaxypHoe nanpaBJie- HHe. A literary school. HanpaB- JieHHe B MysLiKe, b jkhbohhch. A school of music, painting. <> no HanpaBJieHiiH) k... In the direction of... IIAnPABJlH|Tb, -10, -emb,^ -lox imp. Koro? Hxo? K KOMy?Kyji;a?/ p. Hanpa|BHXb, -BJIIO, -BHfflb, -BflX to send /lloKxop HanpaBHJi mchh b canaxo- pHH. The doctor sent me to a sana- torium. MeHH HanpaBHJiH k Bpany. / was sent to a doctor. HanpaBHXb na pa66xy. To send to work. HAHPABJlHlTbCH, -locb, -embCH, -lOXCH imp. K KOMV? Kyfl;a?/ p. HanpalBHXbCH, -BJIIOCb, -BHmbCH, -BHXCH to go HanpaBJifixbCfl na lor. To go to the south. HanpaBHXbCH k ApysbHM, snaKOMLiM. To go to see one's friends, acquaintances. Oh nanpaBHJica k ABepH. He made for the door. HAHPABO adv. 1. Ky^a? to the right. ABxoSyc HOBepnyji nan pa bo. The bus turned to the right. 2. r^eP^on, at, to the right {of. CnPABA). HanpaBo — mocx, HaJieBO — ca^. On the right there is a bridge, on the left, a garden. HanpaBO ox BOKsaJia — SoJibmaa rocxHHHita. There is a large ho- tel to the right of the railway station. HAIIPi^tHO adv. wrongly, in vain Tm HanpacHO xaK nocxynaemb. You are wrong in doing that. Oh na- npacHo oS-LHCHflji en oScxanoBKy: OHa HHHero ne xoxeJia noHHMaxb, He tried in vain to explain the sit- uation to her: she would not listen to anything. HAIIPHMEP paren. word for example GJioBa cpeAHero po^a b pyccKOM HSMKe HMeiOX OKOHHaHHH -0 H -e. HanpHMep, okho h Mope. Russian words of the neuter gender have the ending -o or -e. For example: OKHO and Mope. HAnPOTHB 1. adv. opposite. MarasMH Hax6;i;HX- Cfl nanpoxHB. The shop is op- posite. 2. prep, -\-gen. opposite. HanpoxHB o5me>KHXHfl Hax6j];HXCfl SojibmoH MarasHH. Opposite the hostel is a large shop. HAOPHHCEHHE neut., no pi. 1. straining. HanpHH^eHne Bcex chji. A straining of all one's efforts. 2. tension. Tok BMcoKoro nanpn- HteHHH. High tension current, fig. MemAynapoAHoe HanpHwe- HHe. International tension. HAPHCOBATb see PHCOBAXb HAPOA m. 1. people, nation. PyccKHH HapoA. The Russian people. HapoAU MHpa. The peoples of the world. HAP 75 HAy 2. only sing, people. Mnoro napoAa (napoAy). ^ ^ lot of people. MnxepecH napoAa. The interests of the people. HpocTOH napoA- Ordinary people. HAPO^HIblfl, -an, oe, -me 1. folk. HapoAHoe hckvcctbo. Folk art. HapoflHbie necHH. Folk songs. 2. national. HapoAHoe xo3hhctbo. National economy. Hapo^Hoe o5- pasoBaHHe. Public education. 3. people's. HapoAHbiii apincT CCCP. A People's Artist of the USSR. HapoAHMH xyA6}KHHK CCCP. A People's Artist of the USSR (graphic art). HapoAHbifi cyA. People's court. HAPOHHO adv. on purpose Tm cfleJiaJi 3T0 napoHHo hjih cjiy- HaHHO? Did you do it on purpose or by accident? HAPyinAlTb, -10, -emb, -kdt imp. q T o?/p. HapymJHTb, -y, -ninb, -ax 1. to break, to violate. Hapymnxb noKOH. To break the peace. Ha- pyniHXb xHniHHy, To break the silence. Hapymnxb nopH^OK. To break the peace. Hapymnxb rpa- Hiiny. To violate the border. Ha- pymnxb AoroBop. To violate a treaty. 2. to break. Hapymnxb cjiobo. To break one's word. HAPyniHTb see HAPyniATB HAPU^HlblH, -an, -oe, -we 1. well-dressed. HapH^HaH aeBym- Ka. A well-dressed girl. 2. smart. HapH^Hoe njiaxbe. A smart dress. HACEJIEHHE neut., no pi. population HaceJienne cxpaHbi. The population of a country. Hacejienne ropo^a. The population of a city. Mitpnoe Hacejiemie. Civilian population. HACKBOSb adi;. through HpoMOKHyxb HacKBOsb. To get wet through. HACKOJIbKO adv. how much HacKoJibKo 9X0 pemenne Jiyqme npeJKHeroI How much better this decision is than the old one! HACMOPK m., no pi. a cold in the head CnJibHMH HacMopK. A bad cold in the head. JlerKHH HacMopK. A slight cold in the head. Y mchh nacMopK. / have a cold in the head. JleKapcxBo ox naCMopKa. A medi- cine for a cold in the head. HACTOnHHBIblfl, -an, -oe, -bie, short form HacxoHHHB, -a, -o, -h; adv. HacxoHHHBo persistent HacxoHinBLiH neJiOBeK. A persis- tent person. HacxoHHnBUH xapaK- xep. A persistent character. Hacxdn- ^iHBaH np6cb6a. A pressing request. CxyAenx HacxonnnBo sannMajicH. The student studied persistently HACTOJIbKO adv. so Oh HacxoJibKO rJiyn, hxo nnnero He MOJKex noHflxb. He is so stupid that he doesn't understand anything. HACTOJIbHlblH, -an, -oe, -He 1. table, desk. HacxoJibHan JiaMna. A desk lamp. HacxoJibHmn Ka- Jien^apb. A desk calendar. Ha- cxoJibHbie rirpw. Table games. 2. fig.: HacxoJibHaH Kmira. A hand- book. HACTOilimHH, -an, -ee, -ne real HacxoHm;ee soJioxo. Real gold. Ha- cxoHmaH JiioSoBb. True love. <> B nacTOflmee epeMH. At pres- ent. HACTPOEHHE neut. 1. mood, y MeHH ceroAHH njioxoe Hacxpoenne. / am in a bad mood today. 2. -(- inf ., usu. in negative sentences. y MeH^ Hex HacxpoeHHH pac- CKasbiBaxb. / am not in a talking mood. HACXynAlTbi, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -ex, -lox imp./ p. Hacxynnxb, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. Hacxynnx, iiacx}'^- HHx to come HacxyuHJio yxpo. Morning came. HACTyilAlTb2, -K), -emb, -lox imp. Ha Koro? Ha qxo?//?. nacxy- HMXb, nacxynJiK), nacxynnmb, Ha- cxynnx 1. to tread. Hacxynnxb qejioBeKy Ha Hory. To tread on a person's foot. 2. imp. only to be on the offensive. ApMUfl Hacxynaex. The army is on the offensive. HACXynflTb see HACTyHATbi & HACXynATb^, 1. HA^KA /. science 3aHHMaxbCfl nayKon. To be a HAy 76 HEA scientist. EcTecTBeHHtie nayKH. Natural sciences. ryMaHHxapHLie HayKH. Humanities. HAYHflTb see yHflTb, 2 HAYHflTbCfl see yHflTbCH HA'^HHlLlfl, -aH, -oe, -ue scientific HayiHaH pa66Ta. Scientific work. HayHHuii pa66THHK. A research worker. HayHHwe xpyAH. Scientific works. HayqHan CnCJiHOTeKa. A scientific library. HayHHoe CTy^eH- HecKoe 66mecTBo. A students' scientific society. HAXOJl,flTb, HaxoHty, HaxoAumb, na- xoflHT imp. K 0 r 6? h t o?/jo. nan- TH, HaHflly, -einb, -yr, past nameji, Hamji|a, -6, -h to find HaiiTH HyjKHyK) Bemb. To find the thing needed. HaHTW hobmh Mexoji paSoTbi. To find a new method of work. HaxoflHTb pa^ocTb b MysbiKe. To find pleasure in music. <> MecTa ce6e ne Haxo^HTb. To fret. He HaxOAHTb cjiob. Words fail one. HAXO^flTbCH, naxojKycb, naxoAHrab- CH, naxoAHTCH imp. to be (situated) BoJibraoH Teaip naxoAHTCH b n;eHT- pe MocKBbi. The Bolshoi Theatre is in the centre of Moscow. HAUiHOHAJIbHOCTb /. nationality Kto bli no HamionajibHocTH? What is your nationality? B CoBexcKOM Coio.ie MHoro HaixHonajibHocTen. There are many nationalities in the Soviet Union. HAI^HOnAjIbHlblfl, -an, -oe, -we 1. national. HannonajibHaH Kyjibxy- pa. National culture. 2. national. HanHonaJibHWH koc- TioM. National dress. HAHAJIO neut. 1. beginning. JJ^ou naxoflHTcn b na- najie yjiHn;H. The house is at the beginning of the street. 2. beginning. Haqajio yHe6Horo ro- fla. The beginning of the school year. HaqaJio sanHTHH b 10 la- c6b. Lessons start at 10 o'clock. HAHAJIbHHK m. chief flAHATb see HAHHHATb HAHATbCfl see HA^HHATbCH HA^HHAlTb, -K), -emb,^ -k)t imp. H T 0? & + inf' I P' naqaib, naiHly, -emb, -yx, past Hanair, nanajia, na- najilo, -H Hannnaxb ypoK. To begin a lesson. Ha^axb peHb. To begin a speech. Haqaxb pa66xaxb. To begin work- ing. HaHHHaxb yqnxbCH. To begin going to school, to begin studying. | HAMHHA|TbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not 1 used, 3rd pers. -excfl, -ioxch imp./ p. HanaxbCfl, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. na^Hexcfl, Haqnyx- CH, past HanaJicH, Hanajilacb, -ocb, -picb to begin 3aBxpa Ha^HHaexcH hobwh yqe6HbiH roA. The new school (academic) year begins tomorrow. * HAin, -a, -e, -h pron. our, ours HE particle not Oh He yMeex roBopnxb no-pyccKH. He cannot speak Russian. 3xo He cxoJi. This is not a table. 3x0 He o^etfh HHxepecHbiii (|)KJibM. This is not a very interesting film. 3x0 He njioxo, a xopomo. This is not bad, it is good. Ero He 6biJio AOMa. He was not at home. HEBO neut., pi. HeSeca, He5ec. He6e- caM, etc. sky FoJiySoe He6o. A blue sky. Becen- Hee He6o. A spring sky. <0> HonacTb naJibu,eM b iie6o Cf. To find a mare's nest. HEBECTA /. fiancee HE^J^E adv. nowhere Bee Mecxa aanflXH, nerAe cecxb. All the seats are taken, there is nowhere to sit. HE^ABHO adv. recently Mbi npnexajiH b Mockby HCAaBHo. We hove come to Moscow recently HE^AJIEKO adv. r a e? not far ToBapHHi WHBex HeAajiGKo ox mc- Hfl. My friend lives not far from me. HEAEJIH /. week JIhh HCAeJiH. The days of the week. Ha 3X0H HeAeJie. This week. Hepea HeAeJiK). In a week. Tpn paaa b ne- AeJiK). Three times a week. Mm CAeJiacM 3xy paSoxy aa neAeJiio. We shall do this work in a week. <> y Hero ceMb nHTHUH he He^e- Jie. He does not know his own mind. HE^OCTATIOK m., gen. -Ka draw- back, shortcoming, defect HeAOCxaxKH b paooxe. Shortcomings HE5K 77 HEC in work. V Hero MHoro ne^ocTaT- KOB. He has many defects. HE^H|klQ, -an, -oe, -He, short form HeJKeH, HejKHa, nemnlo, -h; adu. HeJKHO 1. tender, affectionate. He>KHoe HyBCTBo. A tender feeling. Uem- HUH BsrJiHA. An affectionate look. 2. tender. HeMcnaH KOJKa. Tender skin. 3. tender. HeJKHtiH i^Bex. A tender colour. HE3ABHCHM0CTb /., no pi. indepen- dence CBOooaa H HeaaBiTCHMOCTb CTpanu. The freedom and independence of a country. HE3ABflCHMlMlJ, -an, -oe, -me, short form neaaBiicHM, -a, -o, -h; adv. HesaBHCHMO independent HeaaBHCHMMH xapaKxep. An inde- pendent character. HesaBHCHMoe ro- cy^apcTBO. An independent state. HEKOrjIjA adv. no time Oh oHeHb MHoro paSoxaex, eMy ne- Kor^a ryjiHTb. He works a lot, he has no time to go for walks. Mne ceroflHH HeKor;;a. Fve no time to- day. HEKOTOPIblH, -an, -oe, -He pron. some 1. B HeKOTopHX paHOHax cxpanH npomJiH AOHt^n. It rained in some parts of the country. 2. only pi. Bee cjiymaJiH c HHxe- pecoM, HeKoxopne CMeHJiHCb. Everybody listened with interest, some people laughed. HEKyj^A adv. nowhere y MeHH Hex agecb anaKOMHx, Mne HeKyAa haxh. I've no friends here, I've nowhere to go to. UEJlhSU -\-inf , KOMy? 1. it is impossible. 3xy sa^aqy pe- miixb HeJib3H. This problem can- not be solved. 2. one must not. HeJibsa myMexb B KOMHaxe SoJibHoro. You must not make a noise in the sickroom. 3Aecb KypHXb UQJihsA. Smoking is prohibited here. Mne neJibSH MHoro 6eraxb. / am not allowed to run for a long time. HEMHOrO adv. (a) little H saHHMaJica ceroflHH neMHoro, / studied for a short time today. HeMHoro noryjinn h npHXOHii flOMOH. Go for a short walk and then come home, y Hac HeMHoro BpeMenn. We have little time left. HEHABfllAETb, ->Ky, -Anmb, .J^flx imp. Koro? q x o? to hate H HenaBHwy axoro qejiOBCKa. / hate that man. HEHABHCTb /., no pi. k KOMy? K H e M y? hatred HEOBXOJ^flM|Hfl, -an, -oe, -ne, short form HeoSxoAHM, Heo6xoAHM|a, -o, -h; adv. neoSxoAWMO necessary HeoSxo^HMHe Bemn. Necessary things. HeoSxoAHMbie KHiirH. The books one needs. Heo6xoAHMo crje- Jiaxb onepan;Hio. An operation is necessary. HEOBblKHOBEHHIblfl, -an, -oe, -He; adv. HeoSHKHOBeHHO unusual HeoSHKHOBeHHoe nyxemecxBHe. An unusual journey. HEOHCflaAHHIblfl, -aa, -oe, ne; adv. HeojKHAaHHO unexpected HeoHtH^aHHoe coSbixne. An unex- pected event. HeoHtWAauHHii npnesji;. An unexpected arrival Oxen Bep- HyjiCH Heo>Kii;;aHHO. The father re- turned unexpectedly. HEPBHIbin, an, -oe, -ne 1. nervous. HepBuaa cncxesvia The nervous system. 2. nervous. HepBHHii ^leJiOBeK. A nervous person. 3. nervous. HepBune SoJieann. Ner- vous diseases. HECKOJIbKlO num., gen. -hx several Ha coSpaHHH BbicxynuJio necKOJibKO qejioBeK. Several people spoke al the meeting. Ha 3KCKypcHH ne 5hjio HecKOJibKHX cxyAenxoB. Several stu- dents were absent from the excur- sion. HECMOTP}! HA prep. +acc. in spite of HecMOxpn na njioxyio noroAy, MH xofl;uJiH ryjiflxb In spite of the bad weather we went out for a walk. ^ HecMOTpfl HH Ha qxo. In spite of everything. HEC|Tfl, -y, -emb, -yx, past nee, nec- |Jia, -Jio, -JiH, imp. Hxo? Ky«a? 1. to carry. Hecxw qeMoaan. To carry a suit-case. HecxH pe6eH- Ka na pynax. To carry a child in one's arms. Hecxii KHiirn b HEC 78 HHH 6H6JiHOTeKy. To carry the books to the library. 2. fig. to bear. HecxH oTBexcTBeH- HOCTb. To bear the responsibili- ty. HecTH HaKaaaHHe. To bear the punishment. HecTH noxepH. To suffer losses. HECHACTHIbin, -an, -oe, -ue un- lucky, unfortunate HecnacTHBiH neJioBCK. An unlucky person. <> Hec^acTHWH cjiy^afi. An acci- dent. HECHACTBE neut. misfortune CjiyHHJiocb HecnacTbe. A misfor- tune has happened. HEX particle 1 . no. Bh HAeie b khho? — Hex. ''Are you going to the cinema?" ''No, I am not.** 2. not, no. Y mghh hot axon khh- FH. / haven't got that book. Ha 3X0H yjiHEi;e Hex MarasHHOB. There are no shops in this street. Ero Hex flOMa. He is not at home. HEy^EJlH emphatic particle really HeyjKeJiH bh ne nnxajin axoro po- Mana? Haven't you read this novel? HEa)Tb /., no pi. oil MecxopojKAeHne ne^xn. An oil de- posit. ^o6HBaxb ne^xb. To extract oil. H EH AH H HO adv. by accident H HenaHEHo pa36HJi cxaKan. / broke the glass by accident. HEHEFO pron., dat. ue^eMy, instr. HeneM, prepos. He o HeM -j- inf. no- thing Mne Henero fl,eJiaxb. I've got no- thing to do. TaK AyniHO, mo HeneM flbimaxb. It's so stuffy: one can hardly breathe. Mne ne o hcm 66Jib- me roBopnxb. I've nothing else to say. HeHeMy paAOsaxbCH. There's nothing to be happy about. HH particle not a Ha neSe hh oSJiaqna. There is not a single cloud in the sky. HH ... HH conj. neither... nor Hh ;^HeM, hh Ho^bio ne npeKpama- Jiacb pa66xa. Work went on day and night without stopping. Hh h, HH MOH 6paX HHKOFAa HC 6bIJIH B MocKBe. Neither my brother nor myself has ever been to Moscow. HHr^E ac^y. nowhere Bwjio yjKe hosaho, HHr^e He 6ujio BH^HO JHOAeii. It was already late^ no people could be seen anywhere. Hnrfle ne Mory Kyniixb axoro yHe6- HHKa. / can't buy this text-book anywhere. HHr^e Hex cbo66ahhx Mecx. There are no vacant seats anywhere. HflHCHIHlt, -RH, ee, -ne 1. lower. lluTKEHH noHKa. The lower berth. 2.: HnjKHee 6eJibe. Underwear. Hfl3K|HB[, -an, -oe, -ne, short form HH30K, HH3Ka, HHBKIo, -H; adv. HH3K0; comp. HHJKe 1. low. Hh3KHH jj^om. a low house. 2. low. Hh3khh ypoBeHb >kh3hh. A low living standard. HH3KaH xeMnepaxypa. A low temperature. TeMHepaxypa Hume nyjiH. A temperature below zero. HH3KHe n;eHbi. Low prices. HiisKoe ffan- Jienne. Low pressure. 3. low. Hhskhh roJioc. A low voice, HHKOr^A adv. never Oh HHKOFAa He ona3AbiBaji. He never came late. HHKTO pron., gen., ace. hhkofo [-bo], dat. HHKOMy, instr. HHKeM, prepos, HH o KOM nobody Hhkxo He 3Haex, Kan pemnxb 6xy sa^a^y. Nobody knows how to solve this problem. H AaBHo yJKe hhkofo He BHAeji. / haven't seen anybody for a long time. HHKOMy ne fobo- pH o6 3X0M. Don't tell anyone about it. Oh HH 0 KOM He xo^ex AyMaxb. He doesn't want to think about anyone. HHKy/^A adv. nowhere y MCHH Hjioxoe Hacxpoenne, h a HHKyAa He xojKy. I am in a bad mood and I don't go anywhere. HflTlKA /., gen. pi. -ok thread KaxymKa hhxok. A reel of thread. BAexb HiixKy b HFOJiKy. To thread a needle. HHHErO [BO] 1. adv. not bad. KaK h Hanncaji KOHxpoJibHyio pa66xy? — Hnne- f6. ''How did I write my test- paper?" "Not bad." 2. particle that's all right. H3bh. HHxe, nojKajiyHcxa. — HnHero. "Excuse me." "That's all right.** HH^I 79 HOC HHHTO [-mxo] pron., gen. HHHer6[-Bo], dat. HHHGMy, instr. HnqcM, prepos. HH o n'eu nothing Oh HHHero ne 3HaeT. He does not know anything. Oh HHqeMy ne Ha- y^MJiCH. He didn't learn anything. Oh HH^eM He HHTepecj^eiCH. He is not interested in anything. H He Mor HH 0 HCM ;i;yMaTb. / couldn't think of anything. HO conj. but C6JiHii;e cseTHT, ho ne rpeeT. The sun is shining, but it is not giving any warmth, fl BHepa bbohhji Te6e, HO Te6H He 6hjio jioua. I rang you up yesterday, but you were not at home. HOBO^OJ^H|Hfl, -HH, -ee, -ne New- Year HoBoroAHHH HOHB. New-Year night. HoBoroAHHe nosApaBJienHH. New- Year messages. HoBoroAHHe nojKe- JiaHHH. New-Year wishes. HoBoro^- HHH 6aJi. A New-Year ball. H0BOCT|b / , gen. pi. -en 1. news. Goo6n5aTb hoboctb. To tell the news. Xoporane hobocth. Good news. 2. only pL: Hobocth ^hh. Newsreel. Hobocth nayKH h TexHHKH. The latest developments in science and technology. HOBIBIH, -an, -oe, -tie, short form hob, HOBa, h6b|o, -h 1. new. HoBtiH ;i;om. A new house. HoBoe HJiaTte. A new dress. 2. new. HoBan KHiira. A new book. HoBHH HeJiOBBK. A new man. 3. modern. HoBafl hctophh. Modern history. 4. new. HoBMH ro^;. New Year. HOrA /., ace. Hory; pi. Horn, nor, HoraM, etc. foot, leg Bmmmtb Horn. To wash one's feet. BwTHpaHTe Horn. Wipe your feet. <> Hath b Hory c BeKOM. To keep abreast of time. HOriOTB m., gen. -th; gen. pi. -tch (finger) nail KycaTB HorTH. To bite one's nails. UOliK m., gen. -a knife OcTpwH HO?K. A sharp knife. Tynon HOJK. A blunt knife. PesaTb xjie6 HOJKOM. To cut bread with a knife. nepoqHHHHH HOW. A pen-knife. H03KIKA /., gen. pi. -bk leg HoJKKa cTOJia, CTyjia. The leg of a table, chair. HOHCHHIUbl no sing., gen. mmuRU, scissors OcTpHe HOJKHHniLi. Sharp scissors. HOJI|b m., gen. -h zero <> Hoesfl npnmeji b ABeHafliiaxb HOJib-HOJib. The train arrived at twelve sharp. HOMEP m., pi. -a 1. number. HoMep ji^oMa. The num- ber of a house. HoMep TpaMBaa. The number of a tram. HoMep TeJie(|)6Ha. A telephone number. 2. issue. AnpeJiBCKHH HOMep JKyp- najia. The April issue of the magazine. 3. room. HoMep b rocTHHHii;e. A hotel room. 4. size. HoMep 6othhok, nepqaTOK. The size of shoes, gloves. 5. item. HoMep b Konr^epTHOH npo- rpaMMe. An item on the concert programme. UjupKOBOH HOMep. A turn in the circus. HcnoJiHHTb HOMep. To perform an item. HOPMA /. norm, standard, quota HopMa BLipaSoTKH. An output standard. BHnoJiHHTb HopMy. To carry out the quota. IlepeBLinoJi- HHTb HopMy. To exceed the quota. HOPMAJIbHIblH, -an, -oe, -He, short form HopMaJieH, HopMaJibuja, -o, -Li; adv. HopMajiLHO normal HopMaJibHan TeMnepaTypa. Normal temperature. HopMaJiBHoe ^aBJieHHe. Normal pressure. HopMajibHBie yc- JiOBHfl Tpy^a. Normal conditions for work. HOC m., prepos. o Hoce & na (b) ho- cy; pi. -LI 1. nose. IIpHMOH HOC. A straight nose. 2. bow. Mw cH/^eJIH na nocy jioa- KH. We were sitting in the bow of the boat. <0' HoBCCHTb HOC. To be crestfallen. BoAHTb Kor6-HH6yAb aa hoc. To lead somebody by the nose. He bh- AGTb Aajibine c66cTBeHHoro Hoca. Not to see further than one's nose. HOC 80 OBE HOCflTb, Homy, Hocnmb, hocht imp. Koro? HTO? KyAa? 1. to carry. KawAWH achl noq- TaJiLOH iiocHT naM noHTy. Every day the postman brings us our post. Oh hcScht KHwrii b nopx- (|)ejie. He carries his books in his bag. 2. to wear. Hochtb MHrKyio nuia- ny. To wear a ioft hat. Hochtb 6ycBi, cepbrii. To wear beads, ear-rings. HOCKfl pi., gen. hockob, sing, hocok, m., gen. HOCKa socks niepcTHHije HOCKH. Woollen socks. ITapa nocKOB. A pair of socks. IIOTAI /. 1. note. BsHTb BHCoKyio (HiisKyio) HOTy. To sing a high (low) note. 2. no sing, music. HrpaTb no HoxaM. To play from music. Hrpaib 6e3 HOT. To play without music. HOTAa f note Hoia npoTecxa. A note of protest. Hoxa coBexcKoro npaBHxeJibcxBa. A note of the Soviet Government. HOHHlOfl, -afl, -6e, -tie night Ho^iHaH xnmiiHa. The silence of the night. HoHHaH CMena. The night shift. HoHHaH py6amKa. A night- gown, a night-shirt. HOH|b /., gen. pi. -eii night THxaH HOib. A quiet night. Jlyn- HaH Hoqb. A moonlit night. Sbgsa- Han HOHb. A starlit night. B no'ib noji; HoBbiH rofl. On New-Year's night. <> CnoKouHoii (a65poh) eoqu. Good-night/ HOHbK) adv. at night HoHbK) OH cnaJi necnoKoHHO. He spent a restless night. BMspa HOHbio kt6-xo nocxyqaji k naM b okho. Last night somebody was knocking at our window. HOflBP|b m., gen. -h, no pi. Novem- ber HPA|BHTbCH, -BJiiocb, -BnmbCH, -bat- ch imp. KOMy? ^eMy? &-f- ^^f/ p. nOHpalBHXbCH, -BJIIOCb, -BHmbCH, -BHXCH to like Mne o^eHb npaBHTCfl 3Ta ^eBymKa. / like that girl very much. Khho- $lfJIbM HaM He HOHpaBHJICH. We didn't like the film. BaM npaBHTCH ryjiHTb .3Aecb? Do you like taking walks here? HyJKAAlTbCH, -K)Cb, -embCH, -k)tch imp. B K o M? B H e M? to need BoJibHOH HyjKAaeTCfl b CBe>KeM Boa- ayxe. The patient needs fresh air. H^^aCHO KOMy? ^ieMy? + m/. & + conj. q T 6 6 u it is necessary, must HaM HVJKHO MHoro aauHMaxbCH. We must study a lot. HyjKHO, ht66h B KOMHaTe .6mjio HiicTO. The room must be clean. H^iKHlblfl, -afl, -oe, -He, short form nymeu, Hy>KHa, HyjKHO, uywHw K o M y? H e M y? necessary, that is needed HyjKHHH qejiOBeK. A man who is needed. Hwkhhh yq66HHK. A ne- cessary text-book. 3Ta KHiira nyw- Ha MHC ceroAHfl. / need this book today. Mne nyjKHbi lyi^Jin. I need shoes. 3tot yqeSHHK mhc ne HyjKen. / don't need this text-book. O, o 0 (OB, OBO) prep, -f prepos. &. ace. 1. -\- prepos. about, of. 3a56THTbCfl 0 SAOpoBbe. To take care of one's health. JlyMaTh o poAHue. To think about one's country. Me^TaTb 0 6yAyn;eM. To dream of the future. Hnxaxb KHwry o mmun cobot- CKOH MOJiOAeJKH. To read a book about the life of Soviet youth. BocnoMHHaHHfl o6 OTn;e. Reminis- cences (memories) of one's father. 2. -{-ace. on. Bojihm SiiJincb o 6e- per. The waves beat on the shore. OBA m. & neut., gen. o66hx; 66e /., gen. oSenx num. both 06a APyra yqaTCfl b HHCTHTyTe. Both friends study at the institute. 06e A6BymKH xopomo xaHn;eBajiH. Both the girls danced well. OBE^ m. dinner BKycHUH o6eA. A tasty dinner. 06eA H3 xpex 6jik)a. A three-course dinner. <> 3a o6eAOM. At dinner. IIpHrjia- CHTb HE o6eA. To invite to dinner. OBE^AjTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp./ p. noo6eAa|Tb, -lo, -emb, -iot to have dinner OSeAaTb b ctojioboh. To have dinner at a dining-hall. BbiCTpo nood^Aaxb. To have a quick dinner. 0B& 81 OBP OBECIl£HHBA|Tb, -ro, -emb, -rox imp. Kor6? HGM? or KOMy? H T o?//7. o6ecne'9|HTb, -y, -nmb, -ax to provide OSecneqHTb cxpoHTejibCTBO Mama- HaMH. To provide machinery for a construction project. OBECneqHTB see OBECnEHHBATb OBEmAlTb, -H), -emb, -rox imp. & p. K 0 M y? H X 0? -f- inf. / p. also no- o6ema|xb, -lo, -emb, -lox to promise fl o6emaK) BHHOJiHHXb Bamy npocb- 6y. / promise to fulfil your re- quest. H oSemaio, qxo npn^y k BaM ceroAHfl BCHepoM. / promise to come and see you this evening. Oh (no)- o6emaji yanaxb o BpeMenn co6pa- HHH. He promised to find out the time of the meeting. OBJiAETb see OBHaCATb OBflAETbCH see OBHaCATbCfl OBflJ^HO predic. impers. (to be) sorry; (to be) offended Mne o6Hfl;HO, hxo h ne nonaji b xeaxp. / am sorry I didn't get to the theatre. OBHJKAjTb, -JO, -emb, -lox imp. k o- t6? / p. o6H|flexb, ->Ky, -;^Hmb, -;^hx to offend, to ill-treat 06iTAeTb APyra. To offend a friend. Hejib3H oSnwaxb MajienbKHx. You mustn't ill-treat the little ones. OBHaCAlTbCH, -rocb, -embCH, -k)xch imp. Ha Koro? na qx 6?/ p. oGiilaexbCH, -Hcycb, -^nmbCH, -aax- CH to take offence, to be offended 06«AexbCH Ha 6paxa. To take offence at one's brother. He o5HH;aHCH na MOii CJiOBa! Don't be offended at my words! CBJIAKIO neut., pi. -a 1. cloud. flojKAeBoe 65jiaK0. A raincloud. TpoaoBbie oSjiana. Thunderclouds. 2. fig. cloud. OSjiaKO hujih. A dust cloud. (3BJIACT|b /., gen. pi. -en 1. region. 06jiacxb JiecoB. The for- est region. 2. region. ApxanreJibCKaH 66jiacxb. The Arkhangelsk region. 3. field. HoBan 66jiacxb nayKH. A new field of science. 4. region. 06jiacxb cep^iia. The re- gion of the heart. 6—4002 OBMAHyXb see OBMAHblBATb OBMAHblBAITb, -10, -emb, -rox imp. K o r 6?/p. oSManyxb, oSinany, o6Ma- Hemb, oSManyx to deceive ToBapnn; roBopiiJi, qxo npH^ex, ho oSManyji: ne npHmeji. The friend said he would come, but he didn't keep his word. <^ OSMaeyxb HaAe»cflbi. To dis- appoint somebody's hopes. OGManyTfa AOBepne. To betray somebody's trust. OBMEHHTbCH see MEHilTbCH, 1 OBHHMAlTb, -H), -emb, -rox imp. K o r 6?//). o6Hflxb, o6HHMy, o6hh- Memb, oSHHMyx, past oOhhji, -a, 66hhjih to embrace 06HHXb Apyra. To embrace one's friend. 06HHXb cxapyio Maxb. To embrace one's old mother. OBHHMAlTbCH, -rocb, -embCH, -ioxch imp. c K e M?/p. oSHHXbCH, o6hh- Mycb, oSHHMembCH, o6HHMyxcH, past o6Hfl|jicH, -jiacb, -jincb to embrace KpeuKO o6HflXbCfl c xoBapnmeM. To embrace one*s friend heartily, OBHUTb see OBHHMATb OBHUTbCH see OBHHMATbCH OBOflTfl see OBXOJ^flTb OBOPOHA /., no pi. defence OBOPy;i;OBAHHE neut., no pi. equip- ment HoBeamee o6opy;50BaHHe. The most up-to-date equipment. OBPA^OBATb see PAJ^OBATb OBPAAOBATbCfl see PA^OBATbCH 0BPA3 m. 1. character. JlHxepaxj'pHUH: oSpas. A literary character. 2. way. 06pa3 >kh3hh, mwcjih. A way of life, of thinking. <> TaKHM 65pa30M. So; thus. TjiaB- HMM 65pa30M. Mainly. 0BPA30BAHHE neut., no pl._ educa- tion IIpaBO Ha o6pa30BaHHe. The right to education. Bucmee o6pa30BaHHe. Higher education. IIoJiyqHXb o6pa- 30BaHHe. To be educated. KaKoe y Bac oSpaaoBStHHe? What education have you? 0BPA3|0BATb, -^10, -yemb, -yiox imp. & p. qxo? 1. to set up. 06pa30Baxb komhc- CHK). To set up a commission. OBP 82 OBT> 2. to form, to make up. ^Ba aiOMa BOflopoAa H aioM KHCJiopoAa 06- paayiOT MOJieKyay boaw. Two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen make up a molecule of water. 0BPA3|0BATLCH, 1st & 2nd per s. not used, 3rd pers. yexcfl, -yioTCH imp. & p. to be formed 06pa30BaJiocb HOBoe rocyaapcTBO. A new state was formed. B peayJib- TaTe xHMHqeCKOH peaKAHH o6pa- ayeicfl HOBoe BemeciBo. As a re- sult of a chemical reaction a new substance is formed. OBPATflTb see OBPAmAXb OBPATflTbCH see OBPAmAXbCH OBPATHIbia, -an, -oe, -He; adv. 06- paTHo return OCpaTHUH 6HJieT. A return ticket. Ha oSpaxHOM nyxit. On one's return journey. TyAa oh exaJi Ha noeafle, a oSpaTHO Jiexea caMOJieroM. He went there by train and came back by plane. OBPAmAlTb, -10, -emb, -k)t imp. q T 0?//). o6pa|THTi>, -my, -THmb, -Tax 06paxHXb BHHMaHHe. To pay atten- tion. 05paxnxe BHHMaHHe na axoro HCJiOBeKa! Look at that man! OBPAmAjTbCH, -K)Cb, -embCH, -ioxch imp. K KOMy? K HCM y?/p. o6pa|- xrixbCfl, -myCb, -XHmbCU, -XflXCH to turn (to), to address, to apply 06paxHXbCH K co5paBmHMCfl. To address a meeting. 06paxHXbCH c np6cb6oH K AHpeKxopy. To address a request to the director. OSpaxHXb- CH K Bpa^y 3a coeexoM. To turn to a doctor for advice. OBCTAHOBKA /., no pi. 1. furniture. OScxanoBKa KoMHaxH. The furniture of the room. 2. situation, atmosphere. Mew^y- HapoAHaH oScxaHOBKa. The inter- national situation BeceAa nporajia b Apy>KecxBeHHOH o6cxa- HOBKe. The conversation took place in a friendly atmosphere. OBCyAflTb see OBCyHCJ^ATb OBCyjKJliAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. H X oil p. o6cyAnxb, oScywy, o6cy- AHmb, oGcyAflx to discuss 06cyAHXb BajKHHH Bonpoc. To discuss an important question. 06cy- Jimh HOBHH KHH04>HJIbM, AOKJiaA- To discuss a new film, a report. OBYBb f., no pi. footwear OBXOJ^B[Tb, o6xoH{y, odxoAHmb, 06- XOAHX imp. Koro? HXO?/p. o6oh|- TH, -Ay. -Aemb, -Ayx, past o6omeJi, o6omJi|a, -6, -h 1. to go round. 06ohxh BOKpyr a6- Ma. To go round the house. 2. to go round. 06ohxh JiyjKy. To go round a puddle. O60HXH ropy. To go round a hill. 3. to visit. O60HXH Bce MaraanHu. To visit all the shops. OBmEHCflTHE neut. hostel GxyAenqecKoe o6me>KHXHe. A stu- dents' hostel. H{HXb B o6me}KHXHH. To live at a hostel. OBlHECTBEHHIblfl, -aa, oe, -He 1. social. 06ntecxBeHHHH expoH. Social system. 2. social, public. 06mecxBeHHaa pa^ 466xa. Social work. 06^^ecxBeHHtIe opraHH3ai;HH. Public organisa- tions. <> 06mecTBeHHbiH AeaTCJib. A public figure. OBmECTBO neut. 1. society. KoMMyHHCxiWecKoe 66- mecxBO. Communist society. Byp- wyasHoe 66mecxBO. Bourgeois society. 2. society. Haynnoe oSmecxBO. A scientific society. CnopxrisHoe 66mecxBO. A sports society. 06- mecxBO APy>K6bi c 3apy6e5KHHMH cxpanaMH. A society of friend- ship with foreign countries. OBmnfl, -aa, -ee, -ne 1. common. OSmne HHxepecH. Com- mon interests. 06ni;ee HMymecx- BO. Common property. Y hhx bco 66mee. They have everything in common. 2. general. 06niiHe BonpocH. Gen- eral questions. <0> Hex (or ne iiMexb) HB^ero 66- mero c KeM-/qeM-jiH6o. To have nothing to do with somebody /some- thing. B 66w,eM. In general. OBl>EAHH0Tb see OBT>EAHHHTb OBT>EAHHflTbCH see OBTbE^H- HUTbCH 0BT>E3HHH|Tb, -10, -emb, -rox imp. K o r 6? H X o?/p. o6'beAHH|iixb, -k)» -Hfflb, -ax to unite OBT> 83 oro 06T>eflHHHTB cHJiH 6opi;6B 3a MHp. To unite the efforts of the cham- pions of peace. OBTjEAHHHlTbCH, -rocb, -emLCH, -K)TCH imp. C KGM? C H 6 M?/ p. 06'BeAHH|HTLCH, -K)Cb, -HHIBCfl, -HT- cfl to unite Ohh o&teAHHnjiHCB c ji;pyrHM koji- xoaoM fl;jiH nocTpoHKH 66m;eH aJieK- TpocTaHn;HH. They pooled together resources with another collective farm to build a common electric pow- er station. OB'LEM m. volume 06T>eM Tejia. The volume of a body. OBT>flBflTB see OBTbHBJiHTb OBT>HBJIEHHE neut. 1. announcement. 06'bflBJieHHe o co6paHHH. Announcement of a meeting. 2. advertisement, notice. ^ocKa oS-BflBJieKHH. A notice board. Jl^ATh oStflBJieHHe B rasexy. To put an advertisement in a news- paper. OBT>HBJlHlTB, -lo, -emt, -k)t imp. q T 0? 0 He M?/p. oS'LHBHTb, oStHB- jiK), o5'LflBHfflb, oStHBHT to an- nounce, to declare OCtHBHTb 0 pemeHHH. To announce a decision. OSTbflBHTb Bonny. To declare war. <> OS-bflBHTb 6JIa^0J^apH0CTb. To express one's gratitude. OBT>flCHflTB see 0BT>HCHHTB OBT>HCHH|Tb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. q T 0? K 0 M y? / p. oG-LHCHlHTb, -K), -nmb, -HT to explain . OSiiflCHriTb ypoK. To explain a les- son. 06i>HCHHTb aaflaqy. To explain a task. 05'bHCHHTb cboio MMCJib. To explain one's idea. npeno;i;aBaTeJib oG'bflCHflJi ciyfleHTaM Tpy^Hoe npa- BHJio. The teacher was explaining a difficult rule to the students. OBblKHOBEHHIblfl, an, -oe, -He ordinary OSHKHOBeHHHH HeJioBeK. An ordi- nary man. 06biKH0BeHHaH paSoxa. Ordinary work. OBb'IHAfl m. custom HauHOHaJibHHe oCtiqaH. National customs. OBttMHO adv. usually 06tiqH0 fl BciaK) B 7 HacoB yxpa. 6* / usually get up at 7 o'clock in the morning. OBKlHHIblH, -an, -oe, -He ordinary 06biHHHH ;i;eHb. An ordinary day. 0BH3AHH0CTb /. duty, obligation npaea h o6H3aHHOCXH. Rights and obligations. OBHSATEJlbHO adv. by all means, certainly, without fail 3xy pa66xy bsljio o6H3axejibHO c^e- Jiaxb ceroAHfl. This work must be done today without fail. OGns^xeJib- HO nOCMOXplixe 9Ty KHHOKapXH- Hy, Make sure you see this film. fl npn^y k saM o6H3axejibHo. I'll certainly come to see you. OBJIA^EBAlTb, -ro, -emb, -lox imp. K e M? q e M? /p. OBJiaAelxb, -lo, -emb, -K)x to seize, to master OBJia^exb KpenocxbK). To seize a fortress. ObJiaAexb h3hk6m. To mas- ter a language. OBJia^eBaxb snanHH- MH. To get knowledge. OBJiaflexb no- BOH cnennaJibHOCTbio. To master a new speciality. OBJIAAETb see OB.JTAJIiEBATb OBOni,|H pi., gen. pi. -en vegetables CBejKHe 6Bom;ij. Fresh vegetables. PaHHMe 6Boni,H. Early vegetables. OrjlHjI,bIBA|TbCfl, -locb, -embCH, -K)TCH imp. I p. OFJIHHyXbCfl, OrJIH- nycb, orjiflHcmbCH, orJiflnyxcn to glance back OrJiHHyxbCfl nasafl;. To glance back. fl 6biCTpo orJifluyjicH. / glanced back quickly. OrjlflHYTbCH see OrjlHj],bIBATb- Cfl OrOHb m., gen. orne; pi. ornH 1. no pi. fire. flpKHH oroHb b nenn. A bright fire in the stove. 2. light. SajKeHb oroHb. To switch on the light. IIoracHXb oroHb. To switch off the light. Ornii ropo^a. The lights of the city. <> BoflTbCH KaK orHfl. Gf. To fear like death. Hath b oroHb h b6- AY 3a kcm-jihSo, sa Koro-JinSo. Cf. To go through thick and thin after, for somebody. Hex A^Ma 6e3 orHH (proverb). There is no smoke without a fire. OrOPOA m. kitchen-garden BoJibmoH oropoA- ^ large kitchen- garden. PaSoxaxb na oropoAe. To work in the kitchen-garden. B oropOAe orp 84 OKA pacxeT KapT6|)eJib. Potatoes grow in the kitchen-garden. OrPOMH|bIfl, -an, -oe, -He, short form orpoMGH, orpoMHia, -o, -li huge, great OrpoMHUH ropoA- A huge city. Or- poMHbie BoaMOHtHOCTH. Great possi- bilities. OrpoMHHH ycnex. Great success. 0^yP|E^ m., gen. -m cucumber PaHHHG orypi;w. Early cucumbers. GoJienue orypj^H. Salted cucumbers. OAEBAiTb, -K), -emb, -jot imp. ko- to? BO ^t6?/p. OAelxfa, -Hy, -Herat, -Hyx to dress OzteBaTb peSeuKa. To dress the child. OAexb pe6eHKa b hobog DJiaibe. To dress the child in a new dress. O^EBAITbCH, -locb, -erabCH, -h)tch imp. BO qxo?//?. OAelxbCH, -Hycb, -HerabCH, -HyxcH to dress 3hm6h HaAO xenjio OAeBaxbCH. You must dress in warm clothes in win- ter. Xoporao OAesaxbCfl. To dress well. OAexbCfl bo Bce HoBoe. To be dressed in new clothes. OAesaxbc CO BK.ycoM. To dress tastefully. 0]\tMJ],X /., no pi. clothes PaSoHaH OAe>KAa. Working clothes. BepxHHH OAeacAa. Outdoor clothes. OHETb see OAEBATb OAETbCH see OAEBATbCH 0;^EHJIO neut. blanket; quilt BaxHoe OAeaJio. A quilt. HanpH- BaxbCfl OAeaJioM. To cover oneself with a blanket.^ OJlfiUy OAHa, OAHo, OAHH pron. 1. alone, fl muBy oamh. / live alone. fl He JitoSjiK) ryJiHXb oAna. / don't like walking alone. 2. alone, only, fl oahh Mory axo CAGJiaxb. / alone can do this. 3. one Oahh moh APyr (oahh H3 MOMX APyseH) paccKaaaji Mne HHxepecuyio Hcxopnio. A friend of mine told me an interesting story. 4. the same. Mu yqnMCfl na oahom Kypce. We are in the same course. 5. used as n. one. Oahh noraeji na- jieBO, ApyroH — HanpaBo. One went to the left; the other, to the right. OAHHAKOBIblH, -an, -oe, -ue, short form OAHHaKOB, -a, -o, -h; adv. OAHHaKOBO same, identical 3XH HJiaXbH COBCeM OAHHaKOBtie. These dresses are quite identical. y HHX OAHHaKOBHe BSFJIHAH Ha JiHxepaxypy. They have the same ideas on literature. OAHHOKIHfl, -an, -oe, -ne, short form OAHHOK, -a, -0, -h; adv. oah- HOKO 1. lonely. Oahhokhh lejiOBeK. A lonely man. 2. solitaiy. Oahhokog A©peBo. A solitary tree. 3. lonely. OAHHOKaH HCHSHb. A lone- ly life. 0]\B.kyKJXh\ adv. once, one day 0/^HAKO conf, however J^OJKAb JIHJI KaK H3 BeAPa, OAHaKO pa66xa ne npeKpanjajiacb. The rain fell in torrents, but the work never stopped. OAHOBPEMEHHIblfl, -an, -oe, -He; adv. oAHOBpeMOHHO simultaneous Mh OAHOBpeMeHHo npnexajiH na BOKsaJi. We arrived at the station at the same time. (33EPO neut., pi. oaepa lake Oaepo BaHKaJi. Lake Baikal. }Ke- HeBCKoe oaepo. The Lake of Geneva. 0KA3ATb see 0KA3bIBATb 0KA3ATbCH see 0KA3bIBATbCH 0KA3blBA|Tb, -K), -erab, -lox imp. H X o? K o M y? Ha K o r 6?//). ona- 3axb, oKajKy, OKamerab, OKajKyx to render, to offer, to exert OnasHBaxb noMomb. To render as- sistance. OKasHBaxb conpoxHBjie- HHe. To offer resistance. OnaaHBaxb BJiHHHHe (na Koro, hxo). To influ- ence {somebody). 0KA3bIBA|TbCH, -locb, -erabcH, -lox- ca imp. I p. OKaaaxbCfl, oKajKycb, oKajKerabCH, 0Ka>KyxcH 1. K e M? K a K ti M? to turn out to be. Oh OKaaaJicfl onenb nnxe- pecHMM HejioBeKOM. He turned out to be a very interesting man. 2. to find oneself. HeowHAanno mh OKaaaJiHCb na HeanaKOMOH yjiH- n;e. Suddenly we found ourselves in an unfamiliar street. OKa- aaxbcfl B xpyAHOM nojio>KeHHH. To find oneself in a difficult situation. OKA 85 OHA 3. paren. word OKaauBaercH, Be- qep 6yfleT ne b cy666Ty, a b BOCKpecGHbe. The evening-party is in fact to take place on Sun- day and not on Saturday. OKAHHHBAITb, -H), -emb, -iot imp. HTOp/p. OKOHHiHTb, -y, -HHIb, -aX to finish OKOHHHTb paSoTy. To finish work. OKOHHHTb niKOJiy. To finish school. OKOHHHTb HHCTHTyi. To graduate from the institute. OKAHHHBAITfcCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -ercH, -iotch, imp. HGM? /p. OKOHqiHTbCH, Ist & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -htch, -axcfl to end CneKTaKJib okoh^hjich uobjibo. The performance ended late. OKEAH m. ocean Thxhh OKean. The Pacific Ocean. ATJiaHTH^ecKHH oKean. Atlantic Ocean. IlapoxoA naxoAHTCH cen^ac B OKeane. The ship is now at sea. OKHO neut., pi. oKHa, okoh, oKHaM, etc. window OKHa BLixoAHT Ha yJIH^y. The win- dows overlook the street. CMOxpexb B OKHO. To look through the win- dow. CMOxpexb H3 OKHa. To look out of the window. OKOJIO prep. + gen. 1. near. Okojio MarasHna cxohjio MHoro HapoAa. There were many people near the shop. Oh ceJi oko- jio MeHH. He sat down beside me. 2. about. Mh ryjifljiH okojio ^Byx HacoB. We walked for about two hours. OKOHqAHHE neut. completion, end(in^) OKOH^anne cxpoRxejibcxBa. The completion of the construction. OKOHqaHHe ceanca. The end of a performance. <> OKOHqaHHe CJieAyeT. To be con- tinued. OKOHHHTb see OKAH^HBATB OKOHHHTbCH see OKAHHHBATtCH OKPEnHYTb see KPEnHYTb OKPyacAiTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. KOro? HX 0? H e M?//>. OKpyjKlMXb, -y, -Hmb, -ax 1. to surround. JJ^qtr oKpymiiJiH Maxb. The children surrounded their mother. 2. usu. no p. to surround. J^ep^B- HK) CO BCeX CXOpOH OKpyWBJIH Jieca. The village was completely surrounded by woods. 3. fig. to surround. OKpyHtaxb 3a- 66xOH. To surround with solici- tude. OKPySKflTb see OKPYHCAXb OKTHBPib m., gen. -A October OH pron., m., gen., ace. ero [-bo], dat. eMy, instr. hm, prepos. o hcm he, it Oh npnexaji h3 OpaHi;HH. He came from France. GxoJiHua Opan- hhh — IlapHH?. Oh cxohx na CeHe. The capital of France is Paris. It is situated on the Seine. OH A pron., /., gen., ace. ee, dat. en, instr. eio, prepos. o nea she, it Ona oxAHxajia iia HepnoM Mope. She spent her holidays at the Black Sea. OxKy/ia y mc axa KHHra? — H KyniiJi ee b khhjkhom MarasMue. "Where did you get that book?" "I bought it at a bookshop." OHfl pron., pi., gen., ace. hx, dat. HM, instr. iJMii, prepos. o hhx they Ohii MHoro cnopHJiH o JiHxepaxy- pe. They argued a lot about litera- ture. B HaraeM ca^y pacxyx HBexLi. Ohh oHGHb KpacHBH. There are flowers in our garden. They are very beautiful. OHO pron., neut., gen., ace. ero [-bo], dat. euj, instr. hm, prepos. o hcm it H6JI0K0 ynajio. Oho jich^hx na sgm- Jie. The apple has dropped. It is on the ground. OnA3J];bIBA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. Ky^a? Ha ckojibko? &-|- inf. I p. ono3Aa|xb, -lo, -emb, -lox to be late Gxy^eHX onosAaJi na ypoK. The student was late for his lesson. Bh ono3AaJiH na 15 MHuyx. You are 15 minutes late. Mw onosAaJiH K na^aJiy cneKxaKJia. We were too late for the beginning of the per- formance. H 0H03Aaji nocMOxpexb 3xy KapxHHy. / missed that film. OnACHOCTb /. danger IIoABepraxbcfl onacnocxn. To be exposed to danger. Bbixb b onacHOC- XH. To be in danger. HaM rpo3HT onacHOCxb. We are in danger. HsSejKaxb onacHOCxn. To escape danger. OHA opr OnACHlUQ, -afl, -oe, -He; adv. onac- Ho dangerous OnacHWH cJiyHaii. A dangerous case. OnacHaH paSoxa. Dangerous work. Ho 3T0H flopore hatw onac- HO. It's dangerous to go along that road. OnEPA /. 1. opera. CJiymaTb onepy. To listen to an opera. KynHTb Shjibth na onepy. To buy tickets for the opera. 2. opera. Teaxp onepH h 6ajieTa. A theatre of opera and ballet. OnEPAU;HH /. operation Xnpypr CACJiaJi cjiownyio onepa- i^HK). The surgeon performed a dif- ficult operation. Onepai;Hfl na cepA- ij,e. A heart operation. On03AATb see OnASnWBATb OnPAB^ATb see OnPABAblBATb OnPAB^blBAITb, -JO, -enib, -k)T imp. K o r 6? H T o? ^ e M?/p. on- paB^alTL, -K), -eniB, -k)t 1. to acquit. Cy^ ero onpaB^aji. He was acquitted by the court. 2. to justify. Oh onpaB^biBa.! CBoe OTcyxcTBHe na BanaxuHX oojiea- HbK). He tried to justify his absence from the lessons by his illness. <> OnpaBAbieaxb aoBepue (Koro- jih6o). To justify (somebody' s) con- fidence. OnPE/^EJIEHHE neut. definition To^Hoe onpe^eJieHHe. An exact defi- nition. MexKoe onpeAeJieuHe. A precise definition. J^axb onpe^eJie- HHe. To give a definition. OnPEAEJiEHHIblH, -an, -oe, -tie 1. definite. Onpe/teJienHLiH oxnex. A definite answer. 2. certain. OnpeACJienHMH nopn^OK. A certain order. OnPE^EJlflTb see OHPEAEJlUXb OnPEJIEJiHiTb, -K), -erab, -lox imp. nxo? I p. onpeAeJi|HXb, -k), -nmb, -ax 1. to define. Onpe^eJinxb cBoe ot- Homenne k co6mxhhm. To define one's attitude towards events. 2. to determine. OnpeAeJiwxb eeJiH- HHHy. To determine a quantity. OnpeAeJinxb yroji. To determine an angle. OnyCKAjTb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. k o- r 6? H X o?/p. onycxHXb, onymy, onycxHmb, onycxHX 1. to lower. Onycxuxb pe6eHKa na noJi. To put the child on the floor. Onycxuxb roJioey. To hang ones head. Onycxiixb rjiaaa. To lower one's eyes. Onycxiixb bo- poxHHK. To lower the collar. 2. to drop. Onycxifxb nncbMo b amHK. To drop a letter into a post-box. OnyCTflTb see onycKATb OnbIT m. 1. no pi. experience. JKiianeHHUH OHMX. Life's experience. Onux paSoxM. Experience of work. HMexb 6ojibni6H onux. To have great experience. HcnoJibsOBaxb CBOH ontix. To utilise one's ex- perience. 2. experiment. XHMHiecKneonuxH. Vhemical experiments. TIpOBO- AHXb ontiXH. To make experi- ments. B jiaoopaxopHH H^ex ontiT. An experiment is in pro- gress in the laboratory. OnblTHIblH, -an, -oe, -He, short form onHxen, 6nHXH|a, -o, -h 1. experienced. Onbixnhin paGoiHH. An experienced worker. OnHX- HHH pyKOBOAHxeJib. An experi- enced leader. OnHXHHU npeno^a- Baxejib. An experienced teacher. 2. only complete form experimental. OnHxnaH pa66xa. Experimental work. OnHxnaH ceJibCKOxoaaHcx- Bennafl cxannnn. An experimen- tal agricultural station. OnUTb adv. again CeroAHfl onnxb njioxan noroAa. We are having bad weather again today. OPPAH m. 1. organ. Oprann peiH. The organs of speech. Opran CJiyxa. The or- gan of hearing. OpraHH AHxa- HHH. Respiratory organs. 2. organ. FocyAapcxBeHEHft opran. An organ of government. HapxHa- HHe opraHH. Party organs. Op- raHH MHJiHi^HH. Militia organs. 3. organ. Faaexa «H3BecxHH» — op- ran HpeaHAHyMa BepxoBHoro GoB^xa GGGP. The newspaper Izvestia is the organ of the opr 87 OCE Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the USSR. 0P^AHH3A^HH /. 1. no pi. organisation.OpraHH3aD;HH Benepa. Organisation of an enening- party. OpraHH3an;Hfl pa- 66th. Organisation of work. Op- raHHsaniHfl 3KcneAHn;HH. Organi- sation of an expedition. 2. organisation. IlapTHHHaH opra- HHsai^HH. A party organisation. npo$coK)3HaH opraHH3an.HH. A trade-union organisation. 0PrAHH3|0BATfc, -yio, -yemb, -yioT imp. & p. K o r 6? ^ T 0? 1. to organise. OpraHH30BaTb 3K- CKypcHK). To organise an excur- sion. OpraHHSOBaTb Benep cawo- AeHTeJiBHOCTH. To organise an amateur concert. 2. to plan. OpraHH30BaTb pa66- Ty. To plan work. OpraHH30BaTb CBoe BpeMH. To plan one's time. OPAPH m., pL -a order HarpaAHTb opAenoM. To award an order. IIoJiyHiiTb opAGH. To receive an order. OPEJI m., gen, opjia eagle OPEX m. nut KpynHHe opexn. Large nuts. MeJi- KHe opexH. Small nuts. JTecHLie ope- XH. Hazel nuts. KoKocoBtie opexii. Coco-nuts. rpen;KHe opexn. Walnuts. KojioTb opexH. To crack nuts. OPKECTP m. orchestra ^ GHM(J)OHnHecKnH opKecxp. A sym- phony orchestra. Opnecxp no^ ynpaB- jienneM AHpn^Kepa MpasHHCKoro. An orchestra conducted by Mravin sky. OpKecTp HcnojinneT 5-yio chm- $6hhio HaHKOBCKoro. The orchestra is playing Tchaikovsky's 5th sym- phony. Konn,epT fl;jiH ^opxennaHO c opKecxpoM. A concerto for piano and orchestra. OPOCflTb see OPOfflATb OPOfflA|Tb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. H T o?/p. opoIcHTb, -my, -cnmb, -CHT to irrigate Opomaxb cxenn. To irrigate the steppes. OP^AHE neut. 1. implement. OpyAHH nponsBOA- cxBa. Implements of production. CeJIbCK0X03HHCXBeHHHe opyAHH. Agricultural implements. 2. gun. ApxHJiJiepnHCKoe opyAne. Piece of ordnance. OP^JKHE neut., no pi. 1. weapon. GoBpeMeHHoe opyHine. A modern weapon. 2. fig. weapon. He^axb — Morynee opyHcne. The press is a mighty weapon. OCBAHBAlTb, -lo, -emb, -rox imp. H T 0?//?. OCBOlHXb, -K), -Hmb, -HX tO master OcBOHXb HoBHe MexoAH pa56xBi. To master new methods of work. OcBaHBaxb HoBwe somjih. To bring new land under cultivation. Ocbo- HXb HOBfciH cxanoK. To learn to use a new machine-tool. OCBETflTb see OCBEmATb OCBEmA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. K o r 6? q X 0? / p. ocBelxMXb, -m;y, -xamb, -THx to light HacxoJibHaH jiaMua xopomo ocBe- niaex cxoji. A desk-lamp lights the desk well. OCBOBOAflTb see OCBOBOJKJliATb OCBOBOAflTbCH see 0CB0B05K- JUATbCH OCBOBO^AA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. Koro? "3X0? ox Koro? ox He- ro?//?. ocBo6o|AHTb, -my, -jxiimh, -AHT 1. to free. OcBoSoAHXb napoAH ox paScxBa H yrnexeHHH. To free the peoples from slavery and oppres- sion. 2. to vacate. OcBoGoAHXb Mecxo. To vacate a place. OCBOBOJKAAlTbCH, -rocb, -embCH, -lOXCH imp. ox Koro? ox He- ro? & without an object / p. ocbo- 6olAHTbC3, -JKyCb, -AHnitCH, -AflTCH 1. to free oneself. OcboSoahtbch ox rnexa, ox pa6cxBa. To free one- self from oppression, from slavery. 2. to get free, fl ocbo6oahjich ce- roAHfl b 6 nacoB. / was free at 6 o'clock today. 3. to become vacant. Mecxo 3a cxo- JiOM ocBoSoAHJiocb. The seat at the table became vacant. OCBOHTb see OCBAHBATB OCEHHIHB, -hh, -ee, -ne autumn OceHHHH AGHb. An autumn day. OceHHee naJibxo. An autumn coat. OCB OCT OCEHb /., no pi. autumn SoJioxaH oceHb, A golden autumn. IloaaHHfl oceHb. Late autumn. OCEHblO adv. k o r a a? in autumn OceubK) a^ecb qacxo havt aoh«ah. It often rains here in autumn. OCKOPBflTb see OCKOPBJlHTb OCKOPBJlUlTb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. KOrO? HTOp^e M?//>. 0CK0p|6HTb, -6jik), -6wrab, -6flT to insult OcKop6HTb HejiOBGKa. To insult a person. BaraH cjiosa Menri rJiy6oK6 0CK0p6HJiH. Your words were a grave insult to me. OCJIABHTb see OCJTAB JiHTb OCJIABJlH|Tb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. K o r 6? H T o?lp. ocjia|6HTb, -6jiio, -Cnmb, -6ht 1. to weaken. BoJiesHb ocjia6HJia ero opraHHSM. The illness had weakened his organism. 2. fig. to relax. Ocjia6HTb BEHMauHe. To relax attention. OCMATPHBAlTb, -lo, -emb, -iot imp. K o r 6? H T o?/p, ocMOTpexb, ocmot- piO, OCMOXpumb, OCMOTpflT 1. to see. OcMaTpHBaxb Mysea, BbiCTaBKH, KapxiTHhi. To See mu- seums, exhibitions, pictures. 2. to examine. Bpai ocMOTpeJi 6ojib- Horo. The doctor examined the patient. OCMOTPfiTb see OCMAXPHBATb OCHOBA /. 1. basis. OcHOBOH aoKJia^a 6tiJiH c66cTBeHHMe BneHaTJieniiH aBTO- pa. The report was based on the author's own impressions. 2. only pi. fundamentals. Och6bu reoJiornn. Foundations of geology. ^ Ha ocHoee oobiTa. On the basis of experience. OCHOBATEJIb m. founder OcHOBaTeJib yqeuHfl, TeopHH, nay- KH. The founder of a teaching, theo- ry, science. OcHOBaTejib ropo^a. The founder of the city. OCHOBATb see OCHOBblBATb OCHOBHIOfl, -an, -6e, -ue cardinal, basic OcnoBHOH Bonpoc MeHcayHapoAHon oScTauoBKH. The main problem of the international situation. B ochob- HOM Bbi npaBH. On the whole you are right. OCHOBblBAjTb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. HTO? / p. ocHjoBdTb, -yio, -yemb, -yK)T 1. to found. OcHOBaTb r6pofl. To found a city. OcHOBaTb yuHBep- CHTeT. To found a university. 2. to base. Ha hbm bm ocHoBuBae- Te Bame MH^une? What do you base your opinion on? OCOBEHHOCTb /. peculiarity Oc65eHHOCTH paCoTH. Peculiarities of a work. XyAOJKecTBeHHbie oco- 6eHH0CTH poMana. The artistic pe- culiarities of a novel. OcoSchhocth xapaKTcpa aToro HeJioBeKa. The peculiar features of that man's character. <> B oc65eHHOCTH. In particular. OCOBEHHIblfl, -an, -oe, -ue; adv. oc66eHHO 1. particular, especial. Oc66eeHLiH ycnex hmcjio BMCTynjieHHe mo- jfOAOH neBHn;bi. The perform- ance of the young singer was par- ticularly successful. 2. peculiar. Y nee KaKou-TO oc<5- 6eHHHH KOCTiOM. She wears a somewhat unusual costume. OCTAIBATbCfl, -K)Cb, -embca, -iotch imp. /p. ocTa|TbCH, -nycb, -nerabCH, -HyTCH 1. to remain. IlocJie OKomaHHH HHCTHTyTa H OCTSIJICH B pO^HOM ropoAe. On graduating from the institute I remained in my na- tive town. 2. to remain. Oh o^eHb HSMeHHJi- CH, TOJibKO rJiaaa ocTajincb npeJKHHMH. He has changed a lot, only his eyes are still the same. 3. to be left. Oh ocTajicfl cnpoToH. He was left an orphan. V mghh ocTaJiocb 10 pySJieH. / have 10 roubles left. Jl^Qiv. ocTa- jiHCb 6e3 poAHTeJieH. The child- ren were left without parents. <> OcTaTbCfl B HCHBbix. To remain alive. OcTaBaTbCfl npn CBOeM Mne- Hiiii. To remain of the same opin- ion. OCTABHTb see OCTABJlHTb OCTABJlH|Tb, '10, -emb, -iot imp. K 0 r 6? q t o? / p. ocTaJBHTb, -bjik), -BHmb, -BHT 1. to leave. OcTaBHTb TexpaA^' fl6- Ma. To leave a copy-book a t home. OCT 89 ocy 2. to leave. Oh ocxaBHJi Hpyry 3a- HHCKy. He left a note for his friend. 3. to leave. Maxb ocTaBHJia h6jiokh j^jifl flCT^H. The mother left the apples for her children. 4. to leave. OcxaBHTb poflHoH ^gm. To leave one's home. 5. to leave alone {only imper^). Oc- TaBb pe6eHKa, He xporaH ero! Leave the child alone, don't touch him/ OCTAJIBHlCfl, -an, -6e, -He 1. (the) rest. B HioJie cxyAeHTH 6HJIH B AOMe OTAHXa, GCXaJIb- nyio qacTb KannKyji ohh npo- BCJIH B TypwCTCKOM HOXOfle. In July the students were at a rest- -home, the rest of their holidays they spent hiking. 3to hCjio- KO ocTaBb MHe, a ocTaJibHLie B03bMH ce6e. Leave that apple for me, and take the rest. 2. used as n., pi. the rest. Mh c HaBJiOM npHHiJiii b 6 nacoB, oc- xaJibHHe nosAHce. Pavel and I came at 6 o'clock; the rest came later. OCTAHABJlHBA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -kit imp. K o r 6? ^ t o?//?. ocTalHOBHTb, -HOBJIK), -HOBHUIb, -HQBHT 1. to stop. OcTaHOBiiTb Serynxero qeJiOBcKa. To stop a running man. OcTanoBUTb ndesA CTon- KpanoM. To stop the train with the emergency brake. OcTanoBiiTb paSoTH. To cease work. 2. to rest. OcxaHOBHTb bsfjiha Ha KapTHHe. To rest ones gaze on a picture. 3.: Oh ho anaji, na hcm ocxaHOBiiTb CBOH BH6op. He didn't know what to fix his choice on. OCTAHABJmBAlTbCH, -rocb. -embCH, -lOTCfl imp. r a e?/p. 0CTa|H0BeTbCH, -HOBJIMCb, -HOBHmbCH, -HOBHTCH 1. to stop. BApyr noesA ocTanoBiiJi- Cfl. The train suddenly stopped. 2. to stop working. CTanoK ocxa- HOBlJJICfl H3-3a TOro, HTO HO 6hjio 9JieKTp09HeprHH. The machine-tool stopped working be- cause of a power failure. 3. fig. to deal. npo|)eccop b cbooh jieKHHH ocTaHOBHJicH Ha npo6ji6- MaX COBpOMenHOH leXHHKH. In his lecture the professor dealt with the problems of modern technology. 4. to put up. OCTaUOBHTbCH B TOC- THHHHe. To put up at a hotel. OCTAHOBflTB see OCTAHABJIH- BATb OCTAHOBflTbCH see OCTAHABJTH- BATbCH OCTAHOBIKA /., gen. pi. -ok 1. stop. CAeJi Tb ocxaHOBKy. To stop. 2. pause. FoBopnTb 6e3 ocxaHoBKH. To speak without stopping. 3. stop. ABT66ycHaH ocxanoBKa. A bus stop. Ha ocxaHoBKe cxoflJia rpynna cxyAenxoB. There was a group of students at the stop. KoHCHHaH ocxaHOBKa. A termi- nal. BaM HaAo exaxb 5 ocxano- BOK. You must get off at the sixth stop. HaM cxoA^xb na cjie- AyiomeH ocxanoBKe. We get off at the next stop. OCTATbCH see OCTABATbCH OCTOPOaCHIbiS, -an, -oe, -hb, short form ocxopoHten, ocxopoJKHla, -o, -h; adv. ocxop6>KHO careful OcxopoJKHMH HGJiOBeK. A careful person. Oh ocxopojKHO nocxaBiiji iia cxoJi Ba3y c HBoxaMH. He put the vase of flowers on the table carefully. Ocxop6H 05xoAHTb ocTpwe yr.ibi. To avoid all controversial subjects. OCyJUECTBflTb see OCymECTB- JlHTb ocy 90 OTA OCymECTBflTbCH see OCVmECTB- JlHTbCH OCymECTBJlUlTb, -K), -emb, -h)t imp. H T o?//>. ocymecTlBWTL, -bjik), -BHmb, -BflT to realise OcymecTBHTb njian, Menxy, jKeJia- HHe. To realise a plan, one's dream, one's wish. OcymecTBHTb aJieKxpn- 4)HKaiIHK) HapoflHOrO X03HHCTBa. To electrify the national economy. OCymECTBJlH|TbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -excH, -iotch imp. /p. ocymecTBliJTbCH, 1st & 2iid pers. not used, 3rd pers. -pitch, -HTCH to realise Ham nJian ocymecTBHJiCH. Our plan has been realised. OT (OTO) prep. + gen. 1. from. Oi-bexaxb ox ropo^a. To go a certain distance from the city. Vexaxb ox poAHbix. To go away from one's relatives. Ox MocKBw AO JleHHHrpafla. From Moscow to Leningrad. Ox xpex AO HHXH. From three to five. 2. from. nojiyHiixb hhclmo ox ox- n;a. To get a letter from one's father, yaiiaxb hobocxh ox xo- Bapiima. To learn the news from one's friend. 3. for. Ox BOJineHHH oh hg Mor CKa- 3axb HH cJioBa. He couldn't utter a word for excitement. Ox pa;;ocxH. For joy. Ox cxpaxa. For fear. 4. to. Kjiioh ot KOMHaxH. A key to a room. 5. from, against. 3am;Hxa ox Bpa- ra. Defence against the enemy. JleKapcxBo ox rpanna. A medi- cine for the 'flu. «0* Ot flyniH. Sincerely. Ot ecero cepnixa. With all one's heart. Ot HMeHH K«r6-JiH5«. On some- body's behalf. 0TB ET m. 1. answer. Hanncaxb oxBex. To write an answer. JJ^aTb oxBex. To give an answer. OxBex na dhcb- m6. An answer to a letter. 2. answer. Xopomna oxb^x yqenn- Ka Ha ypoKe. The pupil's good answer at a lesson. 3. solution. OxBex saAa^H. The so- lution of a problem. IIpaBHJib- HHH oxBex. A correct solution. OTBETHTb see OTBEHATb OTBfiTCTBEHHlblB, -an, -oe, -He adv. oxB^xcxBCHHO responsible OxBexcxBeHHHH pa66xHHK. A res- ponsible worker. OxsexcxBeHHUH pe- AaKXOp. The editor-in-chief. Oxbgx- cxBeHHHH aa pa6dxy. Responsible for the work. OTBEHAITb, -K), -emb, -rox imp./p. OXBe|XHTb, -Hy, -THmb, -XHX 1. ^xo? KOMy? Ha qxo? to an- swer. OxBexHXb Apyry. To an- swer one's friend. OxBexHXb na Bonpoc. To answer a question. OxBexHXb Ha nncbMo. To answer a letter. OxBe^axb ypoK. To say one's lesson. 2. HCM? Ha Hxo? to return. Ox- Benaxb apvjkGoh na ApyjKSy. To return somebody's friendship. OxBexHXb y^apoM na yAap. To return blow for blow. 3. H e M y? no p. to meet, to satisfy ^xa pa66xa oxBeqaex mohm hh- xepecaM h jKeJiaHHHM. This work satisfies my interests and wishes. 4. 3 a H X 6? no p. to be respon- sible. OxBenaxb aa pa66xy. To be responsible for the work. OT^AlBAXb, -K), -emb, -i6x ^ imp. Koro? qxo? KOMyPqeMy? /p. ox^axb, oxAaM, oxAamb, oxAacx, oxAaAHM, oxAaAHTe, oxAaAyT, past oxAaJi, oxAaJia, oxAaJilo, -h 1. to return. OxAaxb KHiiry b 6h- 6jiH0xeKy. To return a book to the library. 2. fig. to devote. OxAaBaxb Bce ch- JiH jik)6hmoh pa66xe. To devote all one's strength to the work one likes. OxAaxb JKHSHb 3a poAHHy. To give up one's life for one's country. OT^ATb see OT^ABATb OT^EJIbHlblH, -an, -oe, -He sepa- rate OxAeJibHan KBapxnpa. A separate flat. OxACJibHaH KOMHaxa. A sepa- rate room. OTAOXH^Tb see OT^blXATb OTj^blX m., no pi. rest npaBO na oxahx. The right to rest. JllxHHft oxahx. Summer holidays. <> JI,9M OTAMxa. A rest-home. OT^blXAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. Tjs,e?/p. oxAOXHiyxb, -y. -emb, -yx to rest OTE 91 OTJI JlexoM MH OTflHxaJiH Ha 6epery Mopfl (b canaTopHH, b aomg oxflH- xa). In summer we rested at the seaside (in a sanatorium, in a rest- home), ndcjie o6eAa mh oT^HxaeM. We have a rest after dinner. OT|EI^ m., gen. -^a father OTEqECTBEHHlblH, -an, -oe, -He home ToBapH oxeiecTBeHHoro nponsBOA- cxBa. Home-made goods. ^ OxeqecTBeHHaa BOHHa. A pa- triotic war. OTE^ECTBO neut. fatherland OTKASATbCH see 0TKA3bIBATbCH OTKA3bIBA|TbCH,-iocB, -emtCH, -lox- cfl imp. ox Koro? ox Hero? & -f inf. I p. oxKaaaxbCH, oxKa>Kycb, oxKaJKenibCfl, oxKa>Kyxcfl 1. to refuse. Oh oxKaaajicfl BMnoJi- HHXL npHKas. He refused to car- ry out the order. 2. to refuse, to decline, to give up. Oh oxKa.iajicfl ox flener. He refused to take the money. OxKasaxBCH ox cbohx cjiob. To go back on one's words. Ox- KasaxbCH ox npHrjiameuHH. To decline an invitation. OxKaaaxb- CH ox CBOHX npaB. To give up one's rights. OTKPOBEHHlblfl, -an, -oe, -He, short form oxKpOBeneH, oxKpoBeenla, -0, -bi; adv. oxKpoBeHHO frank OxKpoBeHHbiH paaroBop. A frank conversation. FoBopiixb oxKpoBen- HO. To speak frankly. OTKPblBAJTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. HTO?/p. oxKpHXb, oxKp6|K), -emb, -K>X 1. to open. OxKpHXb ^Bepb. To open a door. OxKpnxb qeMOj^an. To open a suit-case. OxKpHXb KHHry. To open a book. OxKpHXb rJiaaa. To open one's eyes. 2. to open. OxKpnxb hobhh Mara- 3HH, HOByK) cxoJioByio. To open a new shop, a new dining-hall. 3. to open. OxKpnxb BHcxaBKy, coSpaHHe. To open an exhibition, a meeting. 4. to discover. OxKpnxb MecxopojK- jil^HTie, HOByio njianexy, hobhh 3JieMeHX. To discover a mineral deposit, a new planet, a new element. ^ OTKpwTfa AMepHKy. To say something which everyone already knows. Cf. Queen Ann is dead. OTKPbIBA|TbCH, 1st and 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -exca, -ioxch imp. I p. oxKpHXbCff, 1st and 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. 0XKpd|excH, -iOXCH 1. to open. OxKpHJiocb okho. The window opened. 2. to open. GxojioBafl oxKpHBaexcH B 8 qacoB. The dining-hall opens at 8 o'clock. OTKPb'ITHE neut. 1. no pi. inauguration, opening. OxKpHxne HOBoro HHCxnxyxa. The inauguration of a new insti- tute. OxKpHxne BbicxaBKH. The opening of an exhibition. 2. discovery. Hayqnoe oxKpHxne. A scientific discovery. OxKpn- XHH B oSJiacxH $ii3HKH. Discov- eries in the field of physics. GABJiaxb oxKpHxne. To make a discovery. OTKPKITIKA /., gen. pi. -ok postcard HoHTOBaH oxKpHTKa. A postcard. Ilocjiaxb oxKpmxKy. To send a post- card. IloJiyqaxb oxKpnxKy. To re- ceive a postcard. no3ji,paBHxejibHaH oxKpbiXKa. A postcard of congratu- lation. OTKPb'ITIbitt, -aa, -oe, -ne 1. open. OxKpbixaa MecxHocxb. Open country. 2. fig. frank. OxKpnxoe jihi;6. A frank face. ^ OTKpbiT»e Mope. The open sea. OTiq)biT#e nncbMo. An open letter. IIoA OTKpMTbiM eeSoM. In the open OTKPklTb see OTKPblBATb OTKPb'ITbCH see OTKPblBATbCH OIKS' AA adv. where from OxKy^a BH npnexaJiH? Where did you come from? OxKy^a bh axo BHaexe? How do you know that? H BH^PO, oxKy^a xbi n/temb. / know where you are coming from. OTJIinAlTbCfl, -K)Cb, -embCH, -ioxch imp. qeM? ox koto? ox nero? to be different Bam HJiaH oxjinqaexcn ox ;^py^HX rJiy6HH6H. Your plan differs from the others by its profundity. OTJI 92 oxn OTJIfiHHO adv. 1. excellently, very well. Bu ot- jiHHHO 3T0 BH^eie. You know it very well. 2. used as n. yqHTLCfl Ha «OTJinH- H0». To get only excellent marks. noJiyHnTB «OTJiHiHO» no pyccKO- My H3biKy. To get an excellent mark in Russian. IIocTaBHTb yneHHKy «OTJitiqHO». To give a pupil an excellent mark 0TM£T|KA /., gen. pi. -ok mark H nojiyniiji xopomyio OTMCTKy no pyccKOMy flSHKy. / got a good mark in Russian. OTHECTfl see OTHOCflXb OTHECTflCb see OTHOCfiTbCH OTHHMAlTb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. Koro? HTO? y Koro? y ne- r 6?/ p. OTHHTb, OTHHMy, OTHFIMemb, OTHi'iMyT, past oTHflJi, 0THHJi|a, 6t- HHJl|0, -H 1. to take away, y MaJib^HKa 6t- HflJiH Mflii. They took the ball away from the boy. 2. to take. PaaroBop dxHHJi y Me- HH Miioro BpeMeHH. The conver- sation took away a lot of my time. 3. to subtract. OT AeCHTW OTHHTb TpH Sy^eT ceMb. // 3 is sub- tracted from 10 the answer is 7. OTHOCflTb, OTHomy, OTHocnmb, ot- HOCHT imp. HTO? Ky^a? ko- M y?/p. OTHeciTii, -y, -emb, -yT, past oTHec, oxnecjila, -6, -n to take (to some place) H OTHec KHiirn b 6H6JiHOTeKy. / took the books back to the library. Mu OTHecjiH HBexH npenoAaBaxe- JiK). We took the flowers to the teacher. OTHOCflTtCH, OTHO^Iycb, OTHocnmb- Cfl, OTHOCflTCfl imp. K a K? K K 0- M y? K n e M y?/p. OTHec|Tncb, -ycb, -erabCH, -yxcH, past othccch, ot- Hecji|acb, -ocb, -licb 1. to treat. Xopomo (njioxo) ot- HOCHTbCH K KOMy-JiH5o. To treat somebody well (badly). 2. no p. to concern. Moh cJiOBa ne OTHocflTCH K BaM. My words do not concern you. 3x0 ne oxhochx- cfl K fleJiy. It's beside the point. OTHOfflfiHHE neut. 1. no pi. attitude. Xopomee oxho- raeHHe k jiioahm. A kind attitude to people. 2. no pi. relation. 3xo ne HMeex ko mh6 oxHOffl^HHH. /( has nothing to do with me. 3. only pi. relations. J\pymecKne oxHomeHHH. Friendly relations. /^HHJIOMaXlfHeCKHe OXHOm^HHH MejKfly cxpanaMH. Diplomatic relations between countries. Ycxa- HOBHXb (paaopoaxb) ;^H^JIOMaXH- HecKHe oxHomeHHH. To establish (to break off) diplomatic relations. <> EblTb C KeM-JIH60 B KaKHX-JI^- 6o OTHomeHHflx. To be on (some sort of) terms with somebody. OTHHTb see OTHHMATb OTOflTfl see OTXOAflTb OTnPABHTb see OTHPABJlHTb OTnPABHTbCfl see OTHPABJlHTb- CH OTDPABJlHlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. Koro? Hxo? Ky ji B?/p. oxnpal- BHXb, -BJiK), -BHmb, -Bflx to Send Ma»b oxnpaBJiaex cwna b mKOJiy. The mother sends her son to school. fl oxnpaBHJi MOMOH nncbMo (xejie- rpaMMy, nocwJiKy). / se/it a letter (a wire, a parcel) home. OTHPABJlHlTbCH, -locb, -embCH, -loxcfl imp. K y A a? without an obj. & -f inf. I p. oxnpa|BHXbCH, -BJiiocb, -BHmbCH, -BflXCH 1. to go. IlocJie aaHHXHH mm ox- npaBHJiHCb ryjTflXb. After the lessons we went for a walk. Mh oxnpaBHJiHCb B napK. We went to the park. OxnpaBHXbCH b nyxb. To set out. 2. to leave. Uoesjj, oxnpaBJinexc^ nepea 10 MHnyx ox 5-h njiax- $6pMU. The train leaves in 10 minutes from platform 5. OTnyCK m. holidays JlexHHH oxnyCK. Summer holi- days. MecHHHWH oxnycK. A month's holiday. IIohxh b oxnycK. To go on one's holidays. BepnyxbCH H3 6x- nycKa. To return after one's holi- days. Bwxb B 6xnycKe (b oxnycKy). To be on one's holidays. IIpOBOjiiixb oxnycK Ha lore. To spend one's holidays in the South. OTnyCKA|Tb, -10, -emb, -lox imp. K 0 r 6? q T o?/p. oxnycxtixb, oxny- my, oxnycxHmb, oxnycxHx 1. to let go. Maxb He oxnycKaJia peScHKa ox cc6h. The mother oxn 93 OOH did not let her child go away from her. 2. to let go. Oh oTnycxiiji mok) py- KV. He let go of my hand. oxnycTflTb see oxnycKAxb OXPAHCEHHE neut. 1. no pi. reflection. OxpaHteHne CBexa. The reflection of light. 2. reflection. VBviji,eTh CBoe oxpa- jKenne b sepKaJie, rJiaAKOH no- BepxHOCXH BOflM. To sce one's reflection in a mirror, on the smooth surface of the water. 3. fig. no pi. reflection. Bee axo Hamjio oxpajKenne b ero KHHre. All this was reflected in his book. 4. philos. no pi. reflection. TeopHH oxpajKeHHH. The theory of reflec- tion. 0XPE3AXb see PE3AXb, 2 OXPHJ^ m. detachment IlHOHepcKHH oxpflA- A Young Pio- neer detachment. IlapxHaaHCKHH ox- pH^. A guerrilla detachment. OXCXA|BAXb, -K), -emb, -K)X imp. ox Koro? ox qero? or without an ohj.jp. oxcxa|xL, -ny, -Hemb, -nyx 1. to lag behind. Oh meji MOA^en- Ho H cKopo oxcxaJi ox XOBapH- niieH. He walked slowly and soon he fell behind his friends. 2. colloq. to miss. Ha 0]\u6vl ocxa- HOBKe a oxcxaji ox noeaAa. At one stop I missed my train. 3. to fall behind. H mhofo 6oJieJi H oxcxaji ox rpynnu. / was ill for a long time and I fell be- hind my group. Oxcxaxb ox jkhs- HH. To lag behind life. 4. to be slow. Hacw oxcxaiox na 10 MHHyx. The watch (clock) is 10 minutes slow. OTCXAJI|bIfl, -aa, -oe, -He backward OxcxaJiaa cxpana. A backward coun- try. OxcxaJiHe bsfjihaw. Backward views. OXCXAXb see OXCXABAXb OXCXynAlXb, -ro, -emb, -lox imp. /p. oxcxynnxb, oxcxynJiK), oxcxy- nnrab, oxcxynax 1. to retreat. BoncKa oxcxyoMjin. The troops have retreated. | fig. He oxcxynaHxe nepefl xpy^Hoc- XHMH. Don't give in in the face of difficulties. 2. ox Hero? to deviate. Oxcxy- naxb ox npasHJi, ox hopmbi. To deviate from the rules, the norm. oxcxynflxb see oxcxynAxb OXCS^XCXBIOBAXb, -yro.-yemb, -yiox imp. to be absent OxcyxcxBOBaxb na ypoKe no 6o- jieaum, no yBajKHxejibHon npn^H- ne. To be absent from the lesson owing to illness, for good reasons. Oh oxcyxcxBOBaji 3 Mecfln;a. He was absent for 3 months. OXCIDAA adu. from here OxciOAa BHAHa Bca MocKBa. One can see the whole of Moscow from here. OxciOAa xopomo cJiMmno. You can hear well from here. He yxoAH oxciOAa. Don't go away from here. OXXy/^A adv. from there B sajie HppaJi opKecxp, oxxvAa cjiMmajica cmcx, sByKH necen. An orchestra was playing in the hall, from which came laughter and songs. Bh Swjih b khho? — J^a, mh HAeM oxxyAa. ''Have you been to the cinema?" *Yes, we are coming from there." OXXOJl,flXb, oxxoHty, oxxoAHrab, ox- x6a«t imp. oxKoro? ox ne- r6?/p. oxoHJxH, -Ay, -Aemb, -Ayx, past oxomeji, oxomJi|a, -6, -h 1. to go away. Mh oxomjiii ox Ma- raanna Ha necKOJibKo maroB. We went a few steps away from the shop. 2. to leave. HoesA oxxoahx b 6 na- coB. The train leaves at 6 o'clock. OX^ECXBO neut. patronymic HasoBiixe name riMa, oxhccxbo h (|)aMHJiHK). Give your name, patro- nyniic and surname. 0XT>E3^ m., no pi. departure OxT>e3A HasnaHen na 6 qacoB. The departure is fixed for 6 o'clock. B AeHb oxtesAa. On the day of de- parture. OXT>E33KAlXb, -K), -emb, -lox imp./ p. ox-bexaxb, ox'beAly, -emb, -yx to drive off MamHHa ox-bexajia ox AOMa ncBep- nyjia na mocce. The car drove away from the house and turned on to the highway. OXT)EXAXb see 0XT>E3aCAXb OOHI^EP m. officer OOH 94 nAji OOHI^HAJlbHIblfl, -afl, -oe. -ue; adv. o<|)ni:(Bawii>Ho 1. official. 0$Hii;HaJibHoe saHBjie- HHe. An official statement. 0$h- ilHajibHWH BH3HT. An official visit. O^HJ^najiBHoe jihi;6. An official. 2. official, formal. 0(|)HaHajibHHH H3HK. An official language. Oi^u- i;HaJibHoe npHrJiameHHe. A for- mal invitation. roBopiiTb o^hi;h- aJibHUM TOHOM. To spcak in an official manner. OXOTA /., no pi. hunting BbiTb Ha oxoie. To hunt. ynacTBO- Baxb B oxoxe. To take part in a hunt. Math na oxoxy. To go hunt- ing. Oxoxa Ha bojikob. Wolf-shoot- ing. Oxoxa 0 coSaKaMH. A chase. OXOTHHK m. hunter OXOTHO adv. readily, willingly H oxoxHO corjiamaiGCb c BaMH. / readily agree with you. OXPAHIIlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. KoropHTO? ox Koro? ox ne- r 6? to guard OxpaHfixb 3;^aHHe. To guard a build- ing. OxpaHHXb rpaHHuy. To guard the frontier. O^EHb adv. very; very much O^eHb KpacHBHH napK. A very beautiful park, fl o^enb njioxo no- HHMaio no-pyccKH. / understand Russian very badly. Ha neqep npnmjio o'jeHb mhofo napoAy- There were very many people at the evening-party. Mhc oneHb Hpa- BHxcfl 3X0X (|)HjibM, / like this film very much. OHEPEAlb /., gen. pi. -en 1. queue. Cxorixb b onepeAH. To stand in a queue. O^iepeAb 3a 6h- JiexaMH. A queue for tickets. 2. turn. <> CACjiaxb B nepeyio o^epeflb. To do in the first place. B cboio 6»iepenb. In its turn. OHflClHTb see HfiCTHTb, 2 OHKjfl no sing., gen. -6b spectacles HociTXb OHKii. To wear spectacles. MeJiOBeK B OHKax. A man in spec- tacles.^ TeMHHG oqKH. Sun-glasses. H HJIOXO BUHCy 693 O^KOB. / SCC badly without spectacles. OfflHBAlTbCH, -locb, -embca, -ioxch imp. B K 0 M? B H e M? or without anobj./p. omH6|HXbCH, -ycb, -embCH, -yxcH, past omnScH, omiiGjilacb. -ocb, -HCb to make a mistake CxyfleHX omH6cfl npH pemeuHH 3a- flaHH. The student mode a mistake in solving the problem. KoHCxpyK- xop omHScH B pacqexax. The designer made a mistake in his calcu- lations. H omnScfl b mocm xoBapn- me. / was disappointed in my friend, fl omnSajiCH, KOPAa AyMaJi o xe6e HJIOXO. / was wrong when I thought badly of you. FjiyGoKO omnGaxbCH. To be greatly mistaken. OfflHEflTbCfl see OfflHBAXbCH OmflBlKA /., gen. pi. -ok mistake FpyCafl omnSKa. A gross mistake. CAeJiaxb omnSKy. To make a mis- take. IlHcaxb c omiiSKaMH. To make mistakes in writing. HcHpaBJiaxb omnCKH. To correct mistakes. Cp,e- jiaxb qx6-HH6yAb no omri6Ke. To do something by mistake. npH3H^xb CBdlo omM6Ky. To admit one's mis- take. Co3HaxbcH b cbogh omriCne. To confess one's mistake. n, n nA/^A|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. k y- Aa?//). ynalcxb, -Ay, -Aemb, -Ayx, past yn^ji, -a, -0, -h 1. to fall. OceHbK) jiHCXbH naAaiox c AepeBbeB na scmjiio. In autumn leaves fall from the trees to the ground. 2. fig. to drop. K yxpy xeMnepa- xypa y Sojibuoro ynajia. By the morning the patient's tempera- ture had dropped. ^AJIE^ m., gen. ^aJlb^a finger, toe ^jiPiHHHe uajihUM. Long fingers. BoJibmoH naJien;. The thumb. Yua- saxejibHHH najiei^. The forefinger. IIOKasbiBaxb najibi^eM. To point with the finger. <> CMOTpeXb Ha qTO-JIHSo CKBOSb najibHbi. To close one's eyes to something. Snaxb mto-jihSo kek CBOH HHTb naJibn.eB. To have something at one's finger-tips. nAJI|KA /., gen. pi. -ok stick OuHpaTbCfl Ha naJiKy. To lean on a stick. Jlumuue^ naJiKH. Ski sticks^ ^ JXenATh qxo-JiHSo H3-noA naji- KH. To do something under the lash. HAJI 95 HAX HAJIblO neut., indecl. overcoat SHMHee najibTo. A winter overcoat. HaJ^eBaTb naJibTo- To put on an overcoat. GHHMaTb naJiBxo. To take off an overcoat. TyjiflTb 6e3 najib- t6. To take a walk without an over- coat on. nAMflTHHK m. 1. K o M y? q e M y? monument. IlaMflTHHK nvfflKHHy. A monu- ment to Pushkin. 2. Hero? monument. IlaMHTHHK apxHTeKxypH. A monument of architecture. HAMHTb /., no pi. 1. memory, y nee njioxaH naMHXb. She has a poor memory. 2. memory. IlaMflTb o xex ahhx HHKorjta He HCHesneT. The mem- ories of those days will live for ever. <> IIoAapHTb ^t6-jih6o KOMy-JiH- 6o Ha naMflTb. To give something to somebody as a keepsake, nojiy- HHTb qTO-JiH^o OT Kor6-JiH6o na naMHTb. To get something from some- body as a keepsake. YiHTb Ha naMHTb. To learn by heart. nAlIA m. daddy HAnHPOCA /. cigarette KpenKHe nannpocH. Strong ciga- rettes. KypHTb nannpocy. To smoke a cigarette. IIAP m., pi. -H vapour BojlHHoH nap. Water vapour. Hpn TeMnepaxype 100 rpa^ycoB L[ejibCHH Bo^a npeBpan];aexcH b nap. At a temperature of 100° C. water turns into vapour. nAPA /. 1. pair. Ilapa xy$ejib. A pair of shoes. 2. couple. B 3aJie xanneBajio ne- CKOJibKO nap. Several couples were dancing in the hall. MoJio- flaH napa. A young couple. IIAPAJ^ m. parade BoeHHHH napa^. A military pa- rade. (DH3KyjibxypHHH napaA- A sports parade. Bbixb na napaA©- To be on parade. nAPlEHb m., gen. -hh lad Th xopomnn napenbl — cKasaJi OH. ''You are a fine ladJ" he said. IIAPHKMAXEP m. barber, hairdresser PaSoxaxb napHKMaxepoM. To work as a barber (hairdresser). nAPHKMAXEPCKlAH /., gen. -oh, pi. -He MyjKCKaH napHKMdxepcKaH. Bar- ber's shop. TKeHCKafl napHKMaxep- CKaa. Hairdressing saloon. IIAPK m. park TopoffCKOH napK. A city park. Ty- jiHXb B napKB. To take a walk in the park. Xo^Hxb no napny. To walk about in the park. IIAPOXO^ m. steamship HaccajKHpcKHH napoxoA. A pas- senger steamer. PeqnoH napoxoA. A river steamer. HJitixb (exaxb) na napoxoAG. To sail on a ship. HAPTEP [-X9-] m. the stalls and the pit (in a theatre, etc.) Mecxo B napxepe. A place in the stalls. CHAexb b napxepe. To sit in the stalls. Kynuxb 6hji6x b napxep. To buy a ticket for the stalls. nAPTH3AH m., gen. pi. napxHsan guerrilla Bo BpeMH BOHHw MOH 6pax 6l>IJI napxnaanoM. During the war my brother was a guerrilla. I1APTH3AHCK1HH, -an, -oe, -ne guer- rilla IlapxHaaHCKOe ABHJKeHHe. The guer- rilla movement. IlapxHaaHCKHH oxpHA- A guerrilla detachment. UAPTflflHlblH, -aa, -oe, -He party Ilapx/iHHoe coGpaune. A party meet- ing. riapxHHHHH 6HJiex. A party membership card. nAPTHH /. party ^Jien napxHH. A member of the party. Bcxynnxb b napxHio. To join the party. nACMYPHIblfl, -aH. -oe, -iie dull, gloomy IlacMypHBiH AGHL. A dull (gloomy) day. HACCAHCflP m. passenger B Kyne 6ujio Hexwpe naccaH^iipa. There were four passengers in the compartment. HATPHOT m. 1. patriot. BopbSa naxpnoxoB aa ocBoSomAeHHO CBoen cxpanbi. The struggle of the patriots for the liberation of their country. 2. enthusiast. HaxpHox cBoero Ae- Jia. An enthusiast for a cause. IIAXATb, namy, namemb, namyx imp. H T 0? He M?//>. Bcnaxaxb, HAX 96 HEP Bcnamy, Bcnamemb, Bcnamyr to plough IlaxaTb aeMJiK). To plough the land. nAXHiyXb, -y, -emb, -yi, past nax, -jia, -jio, -JiH imp. q e M? to smell /^yxH npHHTHO n^XHyx. The per- fume smells pleasant. \ impers. Ha Jiyry npHaxHO ndxHex cchom. There is a pleasant smell of hay in the meadow. nAH|KA /., gen. pi -eK packet na4Ka caxapa. A packet of sugar. naqKa nannpoc. A packet of ciga- rettes. MHCHH /. pension IleHCHH no cx^pocxH. An old-age pension. IloJiynaxb nencHio. To get a pension. Buhxh na neHCHio, To retire on a pension. BHXb na nen- CHH. To be on pension. ^ll;^EJlbHH^A /. ash-tray HEPEBECTfl see nEPEBOAflTb ^EPEBC);^ m. 1. translation. Tohhlih nepoBOfl. An exact translation. GfleJiaxb nepeBOA- To make a translation. 2. transfer. IlepeBOA ^ener no ndn- xe. A postal order. IIEPEBOAflTb, nepeBOjKy, nepeso- flnmb, nepcBOAHx imp. hxo?/ p. nepeBe|cxri, -^y, -Aemb, -Ayx, past nepeBcji, nepeBeJi|a, -6, -a 1. to take. llepeBecxH peSenKa Hepea yjinny. To take a child across the street. 2. to transfer. nepesecxH ^enbra no TeJierpi(|)y. To send money by telegraph. 3. to translate. IlepeBecxH KHHry c (|)paHEty3CKoro HSHKa na pyc- CKHH. To translate a book from French into Russian. nEPEBO;^HHK m. translator, inter- preter HepeBOA^HK c anrjinncKoro asHKa. An English translator (interpreter). VcxHWH nepeBOA^HK. An interpret- er. PaSoxaxb nepenoA^nKOM. To work as a translator (interpreter). nEPEBb'inOJIHHTb see nEPEBbl- nOJlHUTb HEPEBbinOJlHUlTb, -ro, -emb, -K)x imp. qxo/p. nepeBwnonnlHXb, -to, -nmb, -Hx to overfulfil IlepeBHnojiHHXb njian. To overful- fil a plan. nepcBMnoJiHHXb nopMy. To overfulfil the quota. DEPErnATb see nEPEPOHHTb HEPErOBOPbl no sing, o hom? talks, negotiations JleperoBopu o Mnpe. Peace talks. IleperoBopu Me«Ay cxpanaMH. Negotiations between countries. Bec- TH neperoBdpu c k6m-jih6o o hbm- jih6o. To conduct negotiations with somebody about something. Ilepero- BopH cocxoHJiHCb B Mockb6. The negotiations took place in Moscow. nEPErOHUlTb, -10, -emb, -lox imp. Kor6? *!xo? B^e m?//>. nepe- rnaxb, neperoHio, neperonnmb, ne- peroHHx, past neperaaji, -rnajia, -FH^jilo, -H to overtake 3xox cnopxcM^H nepernaji Bcex bo BpeMH copeBHOBaHHH. This sports- man overtook everyone in the com- petition. UEPEp, prep. + instr. 1. in front of. IlepeA okhom. In front of the window. 2. before. IlepeA ypoKOM. Before the lesson. 3.: Mne cxhaho nepeA BaMH. / feel guilty towards you. IIEPE^AIBATb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. q X 0? K o M y?/p. nepeA^xb, nepe- AaM, nepeAamb, nepeAacx, nepeAa- AHM, nepeAaAHxe, nepeAaAyT, past nepeAaji, -a, nepeAaji|o, -h 1. to give. HepeAaxb nncbMo Apy- ry. To give a letter to a friend. 2. to tell. HepeAanxe npHBex poA- HHM. Give my regards to your relatives. IlepeAaH CMy, mo a CKopo npHAy. Tell him that I'll come soon. 3. to broadcast. IlepeAaBaxb koh- n,epx no paAno. To broadcast a concert. IlepeAaBaxb nocJieAHHe H3BecxHH. To broadcast the news. HEPEJ^ATb see nEPE^ABAXb HEPE^AHA /. broadcast IlepeA'^^a no paAHO. Radio broad- cast. Cjiymaxb nepcAany. To lis- ten to a broadcast. HEPE^OBlOfl, -aH, -6e. -we 1. foremost. OepeAOBdH pa66qHH. A foremost worker. 2. advanced. HepcAOB^H x^XHHKa. Advanced technique. HEP 97 HEC nEPEE35KA|Tb, -k), -emb, -k)t imp./p. nepeexaTfc, nepeeAly, -emb, 1. He pea hto? or hto? to cross. IlepeexaTb (^epea) rpaHHii;y. To cross the border. IlepeexaTb (^le- pea) peKy. To cross the river. 2. o T K y 3 a? K y A a? to move. IlepeexaTb na HOByio KBapTjipy. To move to a new place (of res- idence). IlepeexaTb h3 Mockbh B JleHHHrpaA- To move from Moscow to Leningrad. Ilepeea- H?aTb c MecTa ea MecTO. To keep moving from one place to anoth- er. HEPEEXATb see HEPEESHCATB HEPEttTfl see HEPEXOAflTb HEPEMEHA /. 1. change. UepeMeHa KJiHMaTa. A change of climate. 2. change. B ero mmmi nponao- mJiH Sojibmwe nepeMeHH. Great changes took place in his life. llEPEHECTfl see HEPEHOCflTb IXEPEHOCflTb, nepenomy, nepeno- CHrab, nepeHOCHT imp. k o r 6? H T o?/p. nepeneclTH, -y, -emb, -yT, past nepenec, nepeHecji|a, -6, -h 1. to carry. nepenecTH pe6eHKa lepea flopory. To carry the child across the road. HepeHecTH Bemn H3 OflHOH KOMHaTH B ji;pyryio. To carry the things from one room to another. 2. to endure. IlepeHecTii TajKOJiyio 6oJie3Hb. To suffer a serious illness. 3. to put off. nepenecTH coSpanne ua ;5pyr6e BpeMH. To put off a meeting to another time. HEPEnHCATb see IIEPEnflCblBATb HEPEnflCblBAlTb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. H T o? I p. nepeuHcaTb, nepe- nnmy, nepeniimemb, nepennmyT to copy UepenHcaTb tokct. To copy a text. HEPEPblB m. i 1. interval, break. IlepepuB b pa- SoTe. A break in work. HocJie TpexjieTHero nepepusa ona cho- Ba nomjia paSoTaTb. After a three years' interval she went to work again. 2. interval. IlepepMB MejK^y JieK- ij;HaMH. An interval between 7—4002 lectures. GffeJiaTb nepepHB. To have a break. <> OSe^eHHbiH nepepuB. A break for lunch. The dinner hour. ^EPECAJ^|KA /., gen. pi. -ok change GaeJiaTb nepecaAKy. To change. ExaTb c nepecaAKaMH, Sea nepecaa- KH. To have to change (trains, etc.), not to have to change (trains, etc.). IIEPECTAIBATb, -i6, -emb, -iot imp. -\- inf. I p. nepecTa|Tb, -ny, -nemb, -HyT to cease, to stop /lloJKAb nepecTaJi. The rain has stopped. PeSenoK nepecTaJi njia- KaTb. The child stopped crying. Ile- pecTaHbTe paaroBapHBaTbl Stop talk- ing! ^ HEPECTATb see nEPECTABATb IIEPEy'JI|OK m., gen. -Ka lane, street yaKHH nepeyjiOK. A narrow street. IIEPEXOJIi ^- passage, crossing IIoAaeMHBiH nepexoA- An under- ground passage. EepexoA He pea yjiHD;y. A street crossing. HEPEXOAflTb, nepexojKy, nepexo- AHmb, nepexoAHT imp. I p. nepeH|TH, -Ay, -Aerab, ^ -AyT, past nepemeji, nepemJija, -6, -h 1. qepea hto? or hto? to cross. HepexoAHTb nepea yjiHn;y. To cross the street. IlepexoAHTb rpaHHEty. To cross the border. HepexoAHTb nepea moot. To cross a bridge. 2. to change. HepeHTH na Apyryio paSoTy. To change one's fob. 3. to pass. BjiacTb nepemjia BpyKH HapoAa. The power passed into the hands of the people. IIEP|EE[ m., gen. -^a pepper HepHLiH nepen;. Black pepper. Kpac- HHH nepen;. Cayenne pepper. FopbRHH nepen;. Hot pepper. Maco c nepn,eM. Meat with pepper. IIEPO neut., pi. nepba 1. feather. Ilepo nTHn;bi. A bird's feather. 2. nib. SojiOToe nepo. A gold nib. HEPHATIKH pi, gen. pi. -ok; sing. nepqaTKa /. gloves KoacaHHe nepnaTKH. Leather gloves. JleTHHe nepqaTKH. Summer gloves. HaACTb nepqaTKH. To put on one's gloves. IIEC|Hfl /., gen. pi, -en o kom? o HOM? song EEC njiA HapoflHaH necHH. A folk song, flexb necHK) 0 jiioSbh. To sing a love song. nEClOK m., gen. -Ka sand MopcKOH necoK. Sea bottom sand. MeJiKHH necoK. Fine sand. JleHtaxt Ha necKe. To lie on the sand. <> CaxapHMH necoK. Granulated sugar. IIETb, no|K), -emt, -m imp. h t o? o k6m?o hgm? kom y?/p. cneib, cnolK), -enib, -k)t to sing ITexb necHK) flpysbHM. To si/i^ a song to one's friends. IleTb c qyB- CTBOM. To sing with feeling. Deib xopoM. To sing in chorus. IIEHAJIbHIblfl, -aH, -oe, -ue sad. melancholy HeqaJibHaH MysbiKa. Sad music. He^aJibHoe HacTpoenne. A melan- choly mood. Ile^aJibHHe rjiaaa. Sad eyes. nE^ATAjTb, -K).^ -emb, -lox imp. H T 0? / /?. HaneHaxalxb, -lo, -emb, -lox 1. to publish, to print. Hane^ia- xaxb cxaxbK) b HxypnaJie. To pub- lish an article in a magazine. 2. to type. Ileqaxaxb na MamnnKe. To type on a typewriter. HEHATB /. 1. lit. & fig. seal, stamp. 2. press. IIEHEHbE neut., no pi. pastry, biscuits CJia^Koe nenenbe. Sweet pastry. Han c neieHbeM. Tea and biscuits. HeqeHbe k ^aio. Tea biscuits. HEmKOM adv.^ on foot Haxh nemKOM. To go on foot. nnAHflHO neut., indecl. upright piano Hrpaxb Ha nnaHHHO. To play the piano. nflBO neut., no pi. beer Xojio/IHoe HHBO. Cold beer. Ilnxb napo. To drink beer. KpyHtKa nii- Ba. A mug of beer. ^HJ^3KAK m., gen. -a jacket JI^THHH ^H;^}KaK. A summer jacket. HocHXb HHfljKaK. To wear a jacket. DHHCAMA /. pyjamas Tenjian nnHtaMa. Warm pyjamas. Cnaxb B HHwaMe. To sleep in one's pyjamas. nnOHEP m. 1. a Young Pioneer. Moh 6pax — nnonep. My brother is a Young Pioneer. 2. pioneer. IlHOHepH KocMOca. The pioneers of Space. IIHPOaCHlOE neut., gen. -oro fancy cake rieco^Hoe nnpoH^Hoe. A shortcake. nnpoJKHoe c KpeMOM. A cream cake. Han c nnpoMCHLiM. Tea and cakes. Kynnxb H^CKOJibKo nnpoJKHWx. To buy some cakes. nHPOH^lOK m., gen. -Ka small pie nnCATEJlb m. writer IlHCATb, nnmy, nnmemb, nrimyT imp. q X o? k o m y? o kom? one u?/p. Hanncaxb, nannmy, na- nrimemb, Hannmyx to write a) Oh njrmex nncbMo poAHxeJiHM. ^e is writing a letter to his par- ents. b) IlHcaxb cxHXii. To write poetry, Hanncaxb KHPiry o jkhshh yqe- HHX. To write a book on the life of scientists. Oh nanncaJi o x6m> Hxo BH^eJi BO BpeMH uyxemecx- BHH. He wrote about what he saw on his journey. IIHCbMO neut., pi. nMCLMa, gen. pL nnceM KOMy? letter ^o;^p66Hoe nncbMo. A detailed letter. SaKasHoe hhclmo. A registered let- ter. HocbiJiaxb HHCbMO. To send a let- ter. IIoJiyHHXb nncbMo. To receive a letter. HncbMo Jipyry. A letter to one's friend. nHTb, nb|K), -emb, -lox, past hhji, hh- Jia, HHJiIo, -H imp. H X o? / /). bw- HHXb, BbinblK), -emb, -lox, past bw- nHJi, -a, -0, -H to drink IlHXb BOAy- To drink water. BbinHXb. lamKy K6$e.j To have a cup of coffee. njIABA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. r^e? Ky^a? to swim, to sail H jih)6jik) HJiaBaxb. / like to swim^ KajKfl;biH fleHb oh nJiasaJi na ocx- poB. Every day he swam to the is- land. IIoqxH roA OH njiaBaji Maxpo- COM Ha SoJibmoM napoxoAe. For al- most a year he sailed on a large ship as a deckhand. nJlAjKATb, -qy, -qemb, -qyx imp./ p. 3anjia|Kaxb, -qy, -qemt, -qyx (p. verb shows beginning of action) to cry FopbKO nJiaKaxb. To cry bitterly. IIJiaKaxb ox 66jih. To cry with pain. njIAH m. plan IIJiaH pa66xH. A plan of work. IlJiaa nJiA 99 no paSBHTHH HapOAHOrO X03flHCTBa. A plan of national economic develop- ment. BbinoJiHHTb njian. To fulfil a plan.^ IlepeBBinoJiHHTb nJian na 50% (npoiieHTOB). To overfulfil the plan by 60%. njIAHETA /. planet ^aJieKan njianexa. A distant planet. njIAHSPlOBATb, -yio, -yemb, -yiOT imp. q T 0? to plan IIJiaHHpoBaTb paGoxy. To plan one's work. Hjiae/ipoBaTb cBoe BpeMH. To plan one's time. njIACTflHlKA /., gen. pi. -ok record IIocTaBbTe HOByK) njiacTHHRyl Put a new record on! FpaMnjiacTitHKH. Gramophone records. njIACTMACCA /. plastics HsAeJiHH H3 nJiaCTMaccM. Plastic articles. njIATA /. payment 3apa6oTHafl njiaxa. A salary, a wage IlJiaTa 3a bxoa- Admission fee. njiara sa npoe3;i;. Fare. njIATflTb, njiaqy, nJiaTHmb, nJiaTHX imp. iTO? 3a HTO? 3a koto? H e M?/p. sanjiaTHTb, 3anJiaHy, sa- njiaTHfflb, sanjiaTHT 1. to pay. IIjiaTHTb (AeHbrn) 3a no- KynKy. To pay (money) for a purchase. SanjiaxHTb sa xoBapn- ni;a. To pay for one's friend. 2. fig. to return. IlJiaxHXb JiioCoBbio 3a 3a66xy. To return love for solicitude. njIAT|OK m., gen. -Ka 1. scarf. HpKHH njiaxoK. A bright scarf. 2.: HocoBoH njiaxoK. A handkerchief. njIATOOPMA /. truck, platform JKejiesHOflopoJKHaH njiaT(|)6pMa. A railway truck. JK^axb na njiax(|)6p- Me. To be waiting on the platform. njIATBE neut , gen. pi. nJiaxbeB 1. dress. EHejiKOBoe njiaxbe. A silk dress. Ha Hen 6hjio o^eHb Kpa- CHBoe njiaxbe. She had a beauti- ful dress on. 2. no /?L clothes. MarasiiH Bepxnero nJiaxbfl. A clothes shop. nJIAm m., gen. -a raincoat HenpOMOKaeMbiH njiam. A water- proof coat. njIEMUHHHK m. nephew ^JIEM}^HHH^A /. niece nJIEHlKA /., gen. pi. -ok film IlpoflBMXb HJieHKy. To develop a film^ nJIEHO neut., pi. nJie^H shoulder ninpoKHe njie^H. Broad shoulders. riojiojKHxb pyKy KOMy-;iH6o na njie- qo. To put one's hand on somebody's shoulder. <> Eiuy axo hb no njieqy. This is beyond his capacity {power, etc.) Pa- SoTaxb njie^oM k njie^y c Kein-JiHSo. To work hand-in-hand with some- body. njIOTflHA /. dam nJIOXlOfl, -an, -6e, -lie. short form nJiox, njioxa, njioxo, hjioxh; adv. njioxo; comp. xyjKe (q.v.) bad riJioxaa noroAa. Bad weather. Ujio- xoe HacxpoeuHe. A bad mood. Ero AeJia nJioxH. He is in a bad way. EMy nJioxo. He feels bad. IIjioxo paSoxaxb. To work badly. njIOmAmKA /., gen. pi. -ok ground, pitch CnopxHBHaH nJioma^Ka. A sports ground. njIOmA^b /., gen. pi. en 1. square. U^eHxp^JibHaH njiomaAb. A central square. OoHxaH na nJioTD^ajxn. A fountain in a square. 2. area. Hjion^aAb xpeyroJibUHKa. The area of a triangle. njIbllTb, -By, -Bemb, -Byx imp. Ky- A a? H a q e M? to swim, to sail CnopxcMeu njiHBCx k 6epery. The sportsman is swimming towards the shore. JIoA^a nJiMBex no peKe. The boat is sailing on the river. JJ^e- XH nJibiByx Ha JioAKe. The children are sailing in a boat. njIH3K m. beach IlecqaHbiH ujihjk. A sandy beach. JleJKaxb (saropaxb) na njifiJKe. To lie (to sunbathe) on the beach. no prep. I. + dat. 1. along. Haxh no Aopore. To go along the road. Xo^HTb no k6m- naxe. To walk about in the room. 2. on, according to. npnexaxb no npn- rJiameHHK). To come on somebody's invitation. C^eJiaxb no coBexy KOr6-JiH6o. To do something on somebody's advice. Pa66xaTb no njiany. To work according to plan. noB 100 nor 3. over. ToBopHTb no Tejie^ony. To speak over the telephone. nepefl;a- na no pa^HO. A radio broadcast. 4.: TeipaAb no ^hshkb. A physics copy-hook. HeMnnoH no rHMnacTH- Ke. A gymnastics champion. 5. in + '^^ in pl' SaHHMaxbCH no BeqepaM. To study in the eve- nings. 6. on. IIoexaTb no ^eJiaM. To go on business. II. -J- ace. 1. to. C naxoro no BocbMoe hhcjio. From the fifth to the eighth (in- cluded). II0BEJ1;A /. HaJ^ kgm? naji; hgm? victory IIoJiHaH no6efl;a. A complete victory. OflepjKaTb noSefly na^ BparoM. To win a victory over the enemy. Bep- nyxbCH c no6eAOH. To return vic- torious. nOBEAHTB see UOBETKJlJiTh U0BE1iKJ\A\Th, -10, -enib, -lox imp. K 0 r 6? q X 0? / p. no6eA|HXb, 1st pers. sing, not used, -nnib, -hx to win, to conquer, to defeat, to overcome IloGeAHXb Bpara. To defeat the ene- my. IIoSeAHXb B Bonne. To win a victory in a war. HoSejKAaTb cxpax. To conquer fear. ^o6e;^HXb 6oJie3Hb. To overcome an illness. nOBJIArOAAPflTB see BJIArO^A- PflTB nOBJIEJ^HETB see BJIE^HETB nOBPflTBCH see BPflTBCH no-BAmEMy 1. adv. as you want. Mh c^eJiaJiH no-BameMy. We did as you want- ed us to. 2. par en. word in your opinion. Ho-BameMy, axo npaBHJibno? Do you think it is right? nOBEAEHHE neut. behaviour CnpoMHoe noBe^eHHe. Modest be- haviour. GxpaHHoe noBe^eHHe. Strange behaviour. nOBKPHTB see BEPHTB nOBEPHS^TBCH see HOBOPAHH- BATBCH nOBEPXHOCTB /. surface Ha noBepxHOcxH aeMJiH. On the earth's surface. J^Bumeune no no- BepxHOcxH. Movement along a sur- face. nOBECHTB see BfilHATB nOBOPAHHBAITbCH, -locb, -enibOH, -loxcfl imp. Kyfla?//). noBepnlyxb- cfl, -ycb, -embcfl, -yxcH to turn IIoBopaqHBaxbCH na cnnny. To turn on to one's back. IToBepnyxbCH cuhhoh K OKHy. To turn one's back to the window. rioBepnyxbCH najieso. To turn to the left. nOBTOPEHHE neut. review, recapi- tulation IIoBXopeHHe Maxepnajia. Recapitula- tion of the material. <> rioBTopeHbe — MaTb yqeHbH (proverb). Repetition is the mother of learning. nOBTOPHTb see nOBTOPHXb nOBTOPflXbCH see nOBTOPUXBCfl nOBTOPHlTb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. q X o?/p. noBxoplHXb, -i6, -Hmb, -hx 1. to repeat. IIoBxopHxe, noH^ajiyn- cxa. Repeat that, please. 2. to review. IIoBxopHXb yp6K. To review one's lesson. nOBTOPHlTBCH, -locb, -embCH, -lox- cfl imp./p. noBXoplHXbCH, -locb, -HfflbCfl, -axCH 1. to recur. 3xo cjiobo nacxo no- Bxopaexcfl b xeKcxe. This word often recurs in the text. 2. to repeat oneself. J]|oKJiaAqHK Hacxo noBXopnJicH. The speaker often repeated himself. norACflTB see rACflTb nOPHBAlTB, -K), -emb, -rox imp. ox Her 6?//>. nornSnlyxb, -y, -emb, -yx, past norH6, -Jia, -Jio, -jih to perish ftoriiSHyxb ox nyjin. To perish from a bullet. nOrflBHyTb see nOPHBATB norjlA^HTB see FJlAJlllTh norJIHA^TB see TJIHAETb nOrOBOPlflTb, K), -nmb, -ht p. o K 6 M? 0 q e M? c Ken? to talk IIoroBopHXb o nor6fle. To talk about the weather. Mne naffo noroBopHXb c BaMH. / must speak to you. norO/^A /., no pl. weather KaKan ceroflna noroAa? What is the weather like today? Bee Ji6xo cxoflJia njioxan noroAa- I'he whole summer the weather was bad. noryjiHTb see ryjiHxb noA 101 noA UOJS, (nOAO) prep. + ace. & instr. I. + instr. 1. under. Oh chjigji noA AepesoM. ife was sitting under a tree. 2. jig. under. PaCoxaTb no^ pyno- BOffCTBOM... To work under... BojibHOH 6hji noA HaGJUoffenneM Bpana. The patient was under medical observation. 3. near. JKhtb no^ Mockboh. To live near Moscow. 4. in. Hath nofl aoJKAGM. To walk in the rain. II. + ace. 1. under. Oh ceJi no^ ^epeBO. He sat down under a tree. 2. to. TaHi;eBaTi> noa MVSHKy. To dance to music. IIOAAlBATb, -K), -emb,^ -i6t imp. H T o? K 0 M y?/p. noASiTb, noAaM, noAamb, noAacT, noAaj],HM, no^a- flHxe, noAafliyT, />as^ noAaji, no^ajia, noAajiIo, -H 1. to help on. IIoAaBaTb najibio AeBymKe. To help the girl on with her coat. 2. to serve. HoAaBaxb nan na ctoji. To serve tea. 3. to extend. HoAaBaTb pyny. To extend one's hand. •^ PyKOH noAaxb! A stone's throw (from). nOAAPHTb see AAPflTb nOAAPlOK m., gen. -Ka present AoporoH noflapoK. An expensive present. CfleJiaib no^apoK apyry. To give a present to one's friend. IIoJiyqiiTb noAapoK ox APyra. To receive a present from one's friend. nOAATb see nOAABATb noaBHr m. feat TpyAOBOH noABHr. A feat of labour. CoBepmHXb noABHr. To ac- complish a jeat. nOABOAHlblH, -aa, -oe, -bie under- water noABOAHHH MHp. The underwater world. HoABOAHafl oxoxa. Underwa- ter hunting. IIoABOAHaH JiOAKa. A submarine. noarOTOBHTb see rOTOBHTb, 2 nogrOTOBKA /. K H e M y? 1. preparation. HoAroxoBKa k 3K- saMenaM. Preparation for exami- nations. 2. grounding. Y Hero xopomaH noAroxoBKa no MaxeMaxHKe. He is well grounded in mathematics. nOAAEPHCATb see HOAAEPH^H- BATb nOAAEP^HBAITb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. Koro? hxo? Hem? b hg m?/ p. noAAepH^axb, noAAepJKy, noAAep- jKHHib, noAAepatax 1. to support. HoAAepJKaxb Apyra coBexoM B xpyAHyio Mnnyxy. To help a friend with one's advice at a difficult time. 2. to second. HoAAepJKaxb npeAJio- jKeHHe Ha co6paHHH. To second a move at a meeting. nOAH^APHTb see HCAPHTb nOAMECTfl see nOAMETATb nOAMETA|Tb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. q T o? q e u>lp. noAMelcxiT, -xy, -xemb, -xyx, past hoamcji, noAMe- jija, -6, -H to sweep HoAMexaxb noji. To sweep the floor. nOAHHMAITb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. K 0 r 6? H T 0?//). nOAHHXb, nOAHH- My, noAHWMemb, noAHHMyx, past noAHflJi, noAHHJia, hoahhjiIo, -h 1. to pick up, to lift. IIoAHHXb xex- paAfc c noJia.To pick up a copy-book from the floor. IIOAHHXb peSeuKa. To lift a child. IIoAHflXb pyny. To raise one's hand. IIOAHaxb BopOTHHK. To raise one's collar. 2. to rouse. IIoAHflXb c nocxeJin. To rouse. <> IXoAHHTfa myM, KpHK. To make a noise, to start shouting. nOAHHMAITbCH, -locb, -embcH, -lox- CH imp. /p. noAHflxbCH, noAHHMycb, noAHHMembCfl, noAHHMyxca, past nOAHH|jICH (& nOAHHJICfl), -Jiacb, -JlOCb, -JIHCb 1. to get up. noAHHMaxbCH yxpoM c nocxeJiH. To get up in the morning. 2. to ascend. IIOAHHMaxbCH na ro- py. To ascend a mountain. IIoa- HHMaxbCH no JiecxHHi];e. To go up the stairs. 3. to rise. IIoAHHMaxbCH na 6opb- 6y c BparoM. To rise to the struggle against the enemy. 4. fig. to go up. I^GHH na npoAyK- XH nOAHflJiiicb. The prices of food-stuffs have gone up. 5. fig. to begin. IIoAHflJicfl iiiyM. A noise began. HoAHflJiCH CHJibHHH Bexep. A strong wind has risen. nofl 102 no»( nO^HOC m. tray nOAHIlTb see nO^HHMATb nOAHIlTbCH see nOAHHMATbCH nOAOaCAIATb, -y, -emb, -yi, past noflOjKAaji, no;to>KAajia, no;to>KAa- ji|o, -H p. Koro? HTO? or Hero? to wait noT^o>KAeM eme HeMHoro! LeVs wait a hit longer! nOjaiOflTfl see no^xoAflTb noflnncATb ^ee noj^niicbiBATb nOAnflCbIBA|Tb, -H), -emb, -iot imp. H T 0? / p. noAHHcaTb, no;i;nHiny, noflniiraeinb, noAniimyT to sign noAOHcaxb flOKyMeHT. To sign a document. IIo/inHcaTb ^oroBop. To sign a treaty. IloAnHcaTb corjiaine- HHe. To sign an agreement. IIOAPOBHIblfl, -afl, -oe, -He; adv. no;tp66HO detailed lioApoGHoe HHCbMo. A detailed let- ter. Oh noAp66HO paccKaaaJi o cbogh noesAKe. He described his trip in detail. ^OJ^Py^A /. (female) friend niKoJibHaa noApyra. A school friend. no;i;pyra aexcTBa. One's playmate. ^OJ^PyHCflTbCH, noApyjKycb, no- flpywHmbCH, noApyacaxcH p. c K e M? to become friends nOflpyJKHTbCH C HOBHMH TOBapH- ntaMH. To make new friends. Bhct- po noApy>KMTbCfl. To become friends quickly. nOATBEP^flTb see nOATBEP- ^AATb ^0;^TBEP3K^A|Tb, -lo, -emb, -iot imp. q T o?/p. noATBeplAHTb, -Hcy, -flHmb, -AflT to confirm Oh noATBepAHJi, hto npHaei saBx- pa. He confirmed that he would come the next day. nOJ^YMATb see ^yMATb ^0;^ym|KA /.. gen. pi. -en pillow. cushion nOJ^XO/^flTb, noflxojKy, noaxoAnmb, noAxoAHT imp. k k 0 m y? k h e- My?/p. noflOHlTH, -fly, -flemb, -ayx, past noflomeji, noAomJi|a, -6, -h 1. to approach, lIoAXOAiiTb k ok- Hy. To approach the window. 2. KOMy? to fit. 3xH xy^Jin Mne noflxoflHT. These shoes fit me. nOflHEPKHBAITb, -K), -emb. -iot imp. q T o?/p. noflqepKHlyxb, -y, -Smb. -yT 1. to underline. HoflHepKHyTb cjio- Ba KapaHflamoM. To underline words in pencil. 2. fig. to emi)hasise. B flOKJiaae H ooflHepKHyji 3HaHeHHe 3Toro H3o6peTeHHH. In my report I emphasised the importance of this invention. ^OJ^HEPKHyTb see nonq£pKH- BATb nOAT>E35KA|Tb, -lo, -emb. -lox imp. K KOMy? K qeMy? / p. noAT.6- xaxb, noA-beAly, -emb, -yx to ap- proach, to drive up to nofl-beaHtaTb k ropoAy. To approach the town. ABx66yc noA'bexafl k oc- xanoBKe. The bus drove up to. the stop. nOJliT>EM m. 1. ascent. U.oji'heM b ropy 6hji xpy- flCH. Climbing the mountain was difficult. 2. enthusiasm. ApTiicTU nrpaJiH c CoJibmiiM noAteMOM. The actors performed with great enthusiasm. nOAT>EXATb see nO/^TjESaCATb nOESJi; m., pi. -a train CKopHH noesA. A fast train. Exaxb Ha noesAe. To go by train. Ilepe- cecxb Ha noesA- To change for a train. nOE3mKA /., gen. pi. -ok trip, tour HnxepecHaH noesAKa. An interesting trip. IIoeBAKa no crpaue. A tour of- the country. nOECTb, HoeM, noemb, noecT, ooeAiiM, nocAHTe, HoeAHT, past noeji, -a, -o, -H to eat noHACM HoeAHMl Let's go and get something to eat! nOF.XATb, noeAly, -emb, -yT p. k y- A d? Ha q e M? to go, to drive Iloexaxb Ha aKCKypcnio. To go on an excursion. ABT66yc ocTaHOBHJiCH OKOJio AOMa, a hotom noexaJi jianh- me. The bus stopped near the house and then drove on. JleTOM mm no- CAGM na i6r. In summer we shall go to the south. <> Iloexajio na Mexpo! (colloq.) Let's go by the underground! nOaCAJIETb see HCAJIETb nOJKAjIOBATbCH see JKAJIOBATb- CH nOJKAjiyflCTA particle please HaBHHHTe, noHtaJiyncTa. Excuse me please. J^aHTe Mne, nowaJiyncTa, KHiiry. Will you give me the book. noHC 103 noK please? CKa>KHTe, nowaJiyncTa, r^e Mexpo? Could you tell me where the underground station is, please? Cna- ch6o. — HoKajiyHCTa. "Thank you." ''Don't mention it." nOUKkTh see nOJKHMATB & HCATb no5KEJIAHHE neut. wish HoBoroAHHe nojKejiaHHH. New Year's wishes. noaCEJIATb see ^EJIATb nOHCHJIIOfl, -an, -6e, -He elderly n05KHMA|Tb, -K), -eniL, -jot imp. H T 0? / p. nojKaxb, nojKM|y, -emb, -yT to press 1.: Ohh KpenKO noJKajiH jtpyr apyry . pyKH. They shook hands heartily. 2.: nojKHMaxb nJieHaMH. To shrug one's shoulders. n03AB0THTbCH see 3AB0THTbCH nOSABfl^OBATb see 3ABflja(0BATb noaABTPAKATb see BABTPAKATb nOSABHEPA adv. the day before yesterday 3x0 cjiyqHJiocb noaaBqepa. It hap- pened the day before yesterday. nOSBATb see 3BATb n03B0HflTb see 3B0HflTb II03/i;HlHfl, -HH, -ee, -ne late nosAHHH Be^ep. A late evening. IIoaaHHe itBexM. Late flowers. ^03J^H0 adv., comp. noajKe & nosA- Hee late 1. late. noa^HO Ho^bio. Late at night. rioa^HO Jie^b cnaxb. To go to bed late. Oh npHmeJi nos- jKe Bac. He came later than you. PeSeHOK nosAHO naqaji roBopnxb. The child began to speak late. 2. predic. impers. (it is) late. CeHnac noa/^HO. It's late now. IloaAHO roBopHXb o6 3X0M. It's too late to speak about that. <> Jlyqrae nosAHO, »ieM HHKorAa. Better late than never. Paeo hjih no3AHO. Sooner or later. nO3flOP0BATbCH see 3AOP(3BATb- CH n033PABHTb see n03APABJlHTb n03J5PABJlHiTb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. Koro? Hxo? c HeM?/p. no3Apa|- BHXb, -BJiK), -BHmb, -Bflx to Congrat- ulate nosApaBHXb flpyaea c npa3;5HHK0M. To congratulate friends on a festive occasion. IIoaApaBHXb c ;^HeM po)K- JteHHfl. To congratulate somebody on his birthday. IIoBjtpaBJiflio c Hobhm toaom! / wish you a Happy New Year! n03HAK0MHTbCH see 3HAK0- MHTbCH nOBMATb see JIOBflTb ^Ofl[|Tfl,-;^y, -aemb, -;tyx, past nomeji, noniJija, -6, -h p. Ky ji, a? -{- inf. to go noHXH B xeaxp, na KOH^epx. To go to the theatre, to a concert. Mh noH^eM ceroAHH BenepoM b rocxH. Tonight we shall go visiting. Oh Me^JieHHO nomeji k ABepn. He slowly went towards the door. IIoH- AeM TyJiHThl Let's go for a walk/ <>noniJiH B KHHOl (colloq.) Let's go to the cinema! nOKA 1. adv. yet. Oh noKa ne y^HxcH. He doesn't go to school yet. 2. conj. while. * IIOKa mh aaHHMa- JiHCb, nomeji ji,07K}},h. While we were studying it began raining. rioKa meji ji,omjj,h, mh CHAeJiH JtOMa. We stayed at home as long as it rained. IloKa He KOH^y HHCbMo, He noHAy ryjiaxb. / won't go out before I have fin- ished the letter. nOKA3ATb see nOKASblBATb nOKA3ATbCfl see KA3ATbCH & nOKA3bIBATbCH nOKA3bIBAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. K o M y? H e M y? k o r 6? h x o? or Ha Koro? na hx 6?//). noKaaaxb, noKaJKV, noKaacemb, noKawyx 1. to show. rioKasaxb Apyry $oxo- rpa$HK). To show one's friend a photograph. 2. to point (at, to). IIoKaaHBaxb pyKOH Ha oSJiaKO. To point at a cloud with one's hand. nOKA3bIBA|TbCH, -locb, -embCH, -loxcfl imp./p. noKaaaxbCfl, noKa- jKycb, noKajKembcH, noKaJKyxca to show Ha-aa xyq noKaaaJiocb cowinqe. The sun showed from behind the clouds. Jlyna xo noKasHBaJiacb, xo Hcneaa- Jia aa o6jiaKaMH. The moon was now visible, now hidden behind the clouds. nOKOJiEHHE neut. generation MoJio^oe noKOJienne. The young gen- eration. noKOJienne oxnoB. The older generation. noK 104 noji nOKPACHETb see KPACHEXb nOKynAlTb, -lo, -emb, -lOT imp. k o- r 6? H T o? K 0 M y?//). KynHTb, Kyn- Jiio, Kynnmb, Kynnx to buy EoKynaTb xjie6 b MarasHne. To buy bread in a shop. Kynii mhg ceroji;- HHfflHioK) raaexy! Buy me today's paper/ nOKyPflXb see KYPflTb nOKymATb see K^^fflATb nOJI m., prepos. na -y; pi. -h floor Hhcthh noji, A clean floor. IIo^tMe- Taxb noJi. To sweep the floor. fleiH HrpdJiH Ha noJiy. The children were playing on the floor. n6jI|E neut., pi. -a 1. field. ninpoKoe nojie. A large field. PacTH na noJie. To grow in a field. PaSoxaxb b noJie. To work in the field. 2. fig. field. HlnpoKoe nojie jtea- xeJibHOCXH. A wide field of activ- ity. 3. field. MarHHXHoe noJie. A magnet- ic field. 4. pi. brim. niJinna c hojiamh. A hat with a brim. nOJIE3HO adv., predic. impers. (it is) useful EMy nojiesHO MHoro ryjiaxb. It is useful for him to walk a lot. BoJibHO- My nojiesHO nnxb (|)pyKx6BHH cok. It is good for the sick man to drink fruit juice. nOJIE3Hlblfl, -an, -oe, -He, short form nojieaen, noJie3H|a, -o, -h useful noJiesHafl KHiira. A useful book. nojiesHHH coBex. Useful advice. nOJlET m. flight OnacHHH nojiex. A dangerous flight. CoBepniHXb nojiex. To make a flight. nOJIEjTETb, -Hy, -XHuib, -xhx p. to fly HoJiexexb b kocmoc. To fly to outer space. nOJIflTHKA /., no pi. policy, politics BnemnHH noJiHXHKa. Foreign poli- cy. BnyxpeHHHH nojiHXHKa. Home policy. 3aHHMaxbCH uojimxhroh. To go in for politics. nOJlHTflHECKlHfl, -afl, oe, -ne 1. political. IIoJiHXHHecKaH o6cTa- HOBKa. The political situation. IIoJiHXHqecKaH 6opb6a. A politi- cal struggle. IIojiHXHHecKHH flea- TeJib. A politician. 2. political. IlojiHTHqecKaH 3koh6- MHH. Political economy. nOJIlKA /., gen. pi. -ok 1. shelf. KuHJKHaH noJiKa. A book- shelf. KuHrH cxoHx Ha nojiKe. The books are on the shelf. 2. berth. BepxHHH (hhhchhh] hoji- Ka B Barone. An upper (lower) berth in a railway carriage. Jle- Hcaxb Ha BepxHeH nojiKe. To lie on an upper berth. <0* IIojioHCHTb 3y6iJ Ha nojiKy. To starve. nOJlH|blB[, -afl, -oe, -we, short form noJiOH, nojiH|a, -6, -w 1. full. IIojiHbiH cxaKan BOflH. A flass full of water. 3a Ji n6jiOH pHxeJien. The hall is full of spectators. KoMHaxa, nojiHafl CBexa. A room full of light. 2. complete. IIoJiHaH cBoGoAa. Com- plete freedom. IIojihhh oxamx. Complete rest. 3. stout. nojiHbiH neJiOBCK. A stout man. nOJIHOCTbK) adv. completely H noJiHOCxbK) corjiacen c BaMH. / am in complete agreement with you. nOJIOBflHA /. half IIoJiOBHHa nyxH. Half the way. ITo- JiOBHHa roAa. Half a year. EepBaH nojiOBHHa HrpLi. The first half of a match. Bxopafl noJiOBHHa XIX Be- Ka. The second half of the 19th century. CcH^ac noJiOBHHa raecxoro. It is half past five. IIpHXOAH- xe B DOJioBHHe mecxoro. Come at half past five. nOJIOHCEHHE neut. situation 3KOHOMHHecKoe noJiOHteuHe. The economic situation. TflweJioe nojio- jKenne. A difficult situation. OKa- aaxbcfl B xpy^HOM noJiojKenHH. To find oneself in a difficult situation. HaHXH BHXOA H3 jiK)66ro noJiowe- HHH. To find a way out of any situation. nOJIOHCflTb see KJIACTb nOJIOTEnmE neut., gen. pi. -e^ tow- el Moxnaxoe noJioxcHue. A Turkish towel. BbixHpaxb pyKH nojioxenuew. To dry one's hands with a towel. nOJITOPA m. & neut., gen. noJiyxopa; nojixopM /., num. one and a half nOJiyOCTPOB m., pi. a peninsula noji 105 noM nOJiyHAITb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. qTO? OT Koro? OTKYAa?/ p. nojiyqHTB, nojijrqy, nojiy^HmB, noJiynaT 1. to receive. IIojiyHaTB nacBMa h3 AOMa. To receive letters from home. IIojiy^HTB ;^eHB^H 3a pa66- Ty. To get money for one's work. HojiyHHTB nojtapoK ot ot- Hdi. To get a present from one's father. HojiyHHTB npHrjiamcHHe. To receive an invitation. 2. to get. IIoJiyqHTB nyntHMH pe- syjiBTaT. To get the necessary result. HoJiyqaxB caxap hb cbck- JiBi. To obtain sugar from beetroot. 3. to receive. HoJiyHHTB sBaHHe npo^eccopa. To receive the title of professor. IIoJiyqHTB oxMCTKy. To get a mark. IIojiyHHTB 6Jia- rOAapHOCTB. To be thanked. nOJiyHAlTBCfl, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -excH, -iotch imp./ p. noJijrqHTBCfl, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. noJiy^HTCH, nojiy- HaTCfl 1.: y MCHH He nojiyqaexcH aaflana. / can't manage the problem. CDoxo- rpa$HH nojiyHHJiHCB xopomo. The photographs proved to be good. Saflana ne noJiyqaexcH. The problem won't work out. 2.: impers. EoJiyqaexcH, hxo h bhho- Bax. It looks as if I am to blame. nojiyqflxb see nojiynATb nOJiynflTbCH see nOJiy^ATbCH nOJI^ACA m., gen. nojiynaca half an hour H TKjiaJi ero ii;eJiHx nojiqaca. / wait- ed for him for a whole half-hour. Oh DHcaJi B xeqeHHe nojiyqaca. He wrote for half an hour. nOJIb3A /. use JlenapcxBO npHuecJio GojiBinyio noJiBsy CoJiBHOMy. The medicine helped the sick man very much. nOJIb3|OBATbCH, -yiocB, -yemBCH, -yioxcH imp. q e m? / /?. bochojibbIo- BaxBCH, -yiocB, -yemBCH, -yioxcH 1. to use. IIojiBBOBaxBCH 6H6jiH0xe- KOH. To use a library. Hojibbo- BaXBCH HyHtHOH KHHrOH. To usc the book one needs. IIoJiBBOBaxB- Cfl ycjiyraMH. To avail oneself of services. BocnojiBBOBaxBCfl cose- TOM. To make use] of advice. BocnojiBBOBaxBCH cjiyqacM. To avail oneself of an occasion. IIojib- BOBaXBCH BOBMOJKHOCXBK). To avail oneself of an opportunity. IIoJiBBOBaxBCH opaBOM. To exer- cise the right. 2. no p. to enjoy. IIojiBaoBaxBCH HBBecxHOCXBK). To be well known. nOJIIOBflTb see JlIOBflTb nOJlIOBOBATbCH see JIIOBOBATb- CH nOJIIOC m. pole CeBepHMH nojiioc. The North Pole. HayqnaH aKcne^iinHH na KDjkhhh nojiioc. A scientific expedition to the South Pole. nOMEmATb see MEIHATb nOMEm^HHE neut. room, premises >KHJi6e ^OMe^^eHHe. Living premises. IIOMEn^HK m. landowner KpynHHH noMeni;HK. A big landown- er. BoraxHH noMeni;HK. A rich landowner. IIOMHJ|;OP m. tomato CneJiue noMH^opLi. Ripe tomatoes. CaJiax HB HOMH/topoB. Tomato salad. nOMH|HTb, -K), -HmB, -hx imp. K 0 r 6? or q X 0? o k 6 m? o q e m? to remember IIoMHHXB -pojiBopL j^OM. To remember the house where one was born. IIom- HHXB oxna. To remember one's fa- ther. rioMHHXB o jxpyre. To remem- ber one's friend. IIomhhxb o cboch neJiH. To bear in mind one's aim. <> He noMHHTb ce5fl (ot rneBa). To be beside oneself (with wrath). nOMOrAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. KOMy? qeMy? qcM? &-1- inf./ p. HOMoqB, noMory, noMOJKemb, noMoryx, past noMOr, -Jia, -Jio, -jih to help IIoMoraxB cxapoH Maxepn. To help one's old mother. IIoMoqB Apyry ;^66pHM coBexoM. To help one's friend with good advice. IIoMoqb 6paxy pemHXb aaflaqy. To help one's brother to solve a problem. no-MOEMy 1 . adv. my way. Oh cj^eJiaJi axo no- MoeMy. He did it my way. 2. paren. word in my opinion. Ilo-MoeMy, oh xopomnn qejio- BeK. In my opinion, he is a good man. nOMOHb see HOMOrATb noM 106 no nOMOmHHK m. help ChH 5mJI XOpOmHM nOMOmHHKOM omy. The son was a good help to his father. nOMOmb /., no pi. help OKaaaib noMomb paHenoMy. To give help to a wounded man. IIpo- CHTb noMomn y ;^py3eH. To ask one's friends for help. IIpocHTb o noMomn. To ask for help. IIpHHTH Ha noMomb. To come to the did. OxKasaxb b noMOmn. To refuse to give help. nOHEAEJILHHK m. Monday B noHe;;eJibHHK mh yesjKaeM. We leave on Monday. Ka?K;;biH: none- ACJibHiiK (no noHe;teJibHHKaM) y nac 6biBaK)T JieKi^HH no JinxepaType. Every Monday we have lectures on literature. nOHHMAlTb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. K o r 6? H T o?/p. nonaxb, noHMly, -emb, -yx, past noHHJi, noHHJia, noHHJiIo, -H 1. to understand. H eac noHHJi. / understood you. Bu Bce noHH- Maexe? Do you understand every- thing? IIoHMHxe Mena npaBHJib- Hol Don't misunderstand me. 2, to^ understand. Oh MaJio hohh- Maex B MysMKe. He does not understand much about music. nOHPABHTbCfl see HPABHTbCfl nOHflTHE neui. notion Gjiobo h noHHxne — pasHbie Bema. The word and the notion are differ- ent things. <0> H He HMeiO nOHHTHH O TBOefi pa66Te. I've no idea of your work. nOHHTHlMfl, -aH, -oe, -He, short form noHHxen, noHHXH|a, -o, -u un- derstandable, clear nOHHTHO 1. adv. clear(ly). 3xo cjiobo Bam no- HHXHO? Is this word clear to you? Oh roBopHJi noHHXHo. He spoke clearly. Mne see hohhtho. Eve- rything is clear to me. 2. predic.impers. (it is) clear. IIoHflX- HO, HXO B XaKOH Z^OTK^b OH HO npH- jifiT. It's clear that he won't come in such a rain. nOHHTb see nOHHMATb ^OOB£J^ATb see OBEJ^ATb nOOBElftATb see OBEmATb nOHA^AlTb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. / p. nonacxb, nona«|y, -emb, -yx, past nonaJi, -a, -o, -h 1. to hit. Ilonacxb b EteJib. To hit the mark. 2. to get. Honacxb b xeaxp. To get to the theatre. 3. to get. KaK bh cio^a nonajin? How did you get here? 4. impers., colloq. to catch it. Mne nonaJio ox Maxepn. / caught it hot from Mother. <> KaK nonajio. Anyhow. IIonacTb He B 5p6Bb, a b r.iaa. Gf. To hit the nail on the head. nO-nPEaCHEMy adv. stlll, as before Oh no-npeJKHeMy jkhbcx zj^qci». He still lives here. nonPOBOBATb see HPOBOBATb nonPOCflTb see HFOCflTb nonPOmATbCH see HPOmATbCH nOPAi /. time H 3Haio ero c /^asHHX nop. I've known him for a long time. G xex nop npomjio MHoro Jiex. Many years have passed since then. J[o chx nop MH HHHero ne snaeM o hcm. We still don't know anything about him. nOPA^ predic. impers. it is time Ilopa BcxaBaxb — y)Ke noSAHO. It's time to get up: it's already late. Ilopa HflXH AOMOH. It's time to go home. HaM nopa oGe^axb. It's time for us to have dinner. nOPAMCEHHE neut. defeat TflJKCJioe nopaHt^HHe. A heavy de- feat. Iloxepnexb nopawenne b boh- ne. To be defeated in a war. Hane- cxH nopaJKeHHe. To defeat. nOPOiniOK m., gen. -Ka powder 1. only sing, powder. SyGnoH nopo- moK. Tooth,- powder. 2. powder. JlenapcxBo b noporaKax. Medicine in the form of powder. IIpHHHMaxb no o^HOMy nopom- Ky 3 paaa b ji^eub. To take one powder 3 times a day. nOPT m., prepos. b nopxy & o nopxe port MopcKOH nopx. A seaport. PeHHoii nopx. A river port. PaSoxaxb b nop- xy. To work at the port. nOPTPET m. portrait nOPTOeJIb m. brief-case JTO-P^CCKH adv. (in) Russian ToBopHXb no-pyccKH. To speak IIOP 107 HOC Russian. Ohh neJiH 3Ty necHio no- pyccKH. They sang this song in Russian. nOP>lAIOK m., gen. -Ka 1. order. V mghh b KOMHaxe Bcer- fla nopHAOK. My room is always in order. Jl^epjKaTb BemH b no- pH;5Ke. To keep things in order. IIpHBecTii Bce b nopH;i;oK. To put everything in order. Hpn- BecTH ce6H b nopaAOK. To tidy oneself up. 2. succession. PaccKaaaxb see no nopaflKy. To tell, everything in the same order as it happened. <> Bee B nopnAKe. Everything is all right. nOCA^flTb see CAaCATb nOCBHTflTb see HOCBHIIiATb nOCBHmAlTb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. q T 0? K o M y? 1 e M y? / />. hocbhI- THTb, -nty, -Tiinib, -tht 1. to devote. nOCBHTHTb JKH3Hb HayKe. To devote one's life to science. 2. to dedicate. nocBflmaxb KHnry flPyry. To dedicate a book to one's friend. nOCETflTb see HOCEmATb nOCEmAlTb, -K), -emb, -jot imp. Koro? mo?/ p. noce|THTb, -my, -THOIb, -THT 1. to visit. noceni;aTb 6ojibH6ro to- BapHn5a. To visit a sick friend. Uo- cexiiTb Myaen. To visit a museum. 2. no p. to attend. nocen;aTb JieK- nHH. To attend lectures. nOCJIATb see HOCblJIATb nOCJIE 1. adv. later. Mojkho npHHXH cea- qac? — Hex, npnxoAH nocjie. ""May I come now?" "No, come later.'' 2. prep. -\- gen. after. IlocJie oSefla. After dinner. IlocJie paSoxH. After work. MojKHO MHe BSHXb 9xy KHHry nocJie nee? May I have the book after her? nOGJl£jO[H|na, -HH, -ee, -ne last nocJiGAHHH AGHb MecHn;a, The last day of the month. Kxo nocjieAHHH? Who is the last? <0» EopoTbCH Ao nocJie^HeH KanjiH KpoBU. To fight to the last drop of blood. CosAaBaTb HOBue ManiH- Hbi no nocjieAHeMy cjiOBy TexHHKH. To build new machines accord- ing to the last word in technology. UocjieAHHe HSBecTOH. The latest news. nOCJIE3ABTPA adv. the day after tomorrow nOCJIOBHIliA /. proverb nOCIlS'inAlTb, -H), -emb, -lox p. ko- to? H X 0? 1. to listen (for a while). Oh no- cxoHJi, nocjiymaji neMHoro h ymeji. He stood and listened for a while, then he went away. 2.: nocJiymaH(xe), passe 3xo npa- BHJibHO? Look here, is that right? nOCJl5^fflATbCH see CJiyiHATbCa nOCMOTPETb see CMOTPETb nOCOBETOBATb see COBETOBATb nOCOBETOBATbCH see COBETO- BATbCH nOCnOPHTb see CHOPHTb nOCPEAfl 1. adv. amid, among. Ha yjiHn;e co6paJiacb xojina Hapo^a. Hocpe- Aii cxoffji peSenoK h nJiaKaJi. A crowd of people had gathered in the street. Among the crowd stood a child, crying. 2. prep. -{-gen. in the middle of. IlocpeaH nji6n;aAH — KpacHBHH $0HxaH. In the middle of the square there is a beautiful foun- tain. nOCCOPHTbCH see CCOPHTbCH nOCTABHTb see CTABHTb nOCTAPATbCa see CTAPATbCH nOCTEJIb /. bed BojibHOH AOJi/KGH Jiewaxb B nocxe- JiH. The patient must remain in bed. EMy neJibsa BcxaBaxb c no- cxeJiH. He is not allowed to get up. nOCTEHEHHO adv. gradually Oh nocxeneHHO npnBUKaJi K kjih- Maxy. He gradually got accustomed to the climate. nOCT05lHH|bia, -aa, -oe, -He con- stant; adv. nocxoHHHO constantly, always IIocxoaHHaa xeMuepaxypa. A con- stant temperature. Pe6eH0K nocxoan- HO 6oJieex. The child is always ill. nOCTOlHTb, -ro, -nmb, -ax p. 1. to stand (for a while). CnAHxe, He SecnoKOHxecb, a nocxoio. Keep your seat, and don't worry; I'll stand. Oh nocToaji neMHoro noc 108 no3 H ymeji. He stood for a while and then went away. 2.: nocT6H(Te)! Wait! nOCTPflHbCH see CTPflHbCH nOCTPOHTb see CTPOHTL nOCXyilAlTb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. I p. nocxynHTb, nociynjiio, nociy- namb, nocTynflx 1. to act. HecTHO nocTynaxb. To act honestly. IlJioxo nocxyniixb. To act badly. 2. K y fl a? to enter, riocxynnxb b HHCXHXyX, Ha HCXOpHHeCKHH $a- Kyjibxex. To enter an institute, the history department. Ilocxy- nnxb Ha pa66xy. To take up work. 3.: HocxynHJio npefljio^Kenne. There is a proposal. nocxynflTb see nocxynAxb nOCX:9'n|OK m., gen. -Ka action HecxHHH nocxynoK. An honest ac- tion. CoBepmnxb repoHHecKHH no- cxynoK. To accomplish a feat. nOCXyHAXb see cxy^AXb nOCS^^A /. crockery ^aHHafl nocy^a. Tea-things. Mbixb nocvay. To wash up. nOCblJlAIXb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. Koro? Hxo? KOMy? HeMy? or K KOMy? /p. nocjiaxb, nomji|K), -emb, -K)x 1. to send. Maxb nocjiaJia pe6eHKa B MarasHH sa XJie6oM. The mother sent her child to the shop for some bread. Ero nocjiaJiH Ha pa66xy b GapaxoB. He was sent to work in Saratov. 2. to send. Ilocjiaxb nncbMO po;;H- xejiHM. To send a letter to one's parents. noCKlJIlKA /., gen. pi. -ok parcel IIoqxoBafl nocMJiKa. A parcel sent by post. OxnpaBHXb nocHJiKy. To send a parcel. IIojiyHHXb nocwJiKy ox pojiHxeJieH. To receive a parcel from one's parents. no-xBOEMy 1. adv. as you wish. Bee 6yflex no- xBoeMy. Everything will be done as you wish. 2. paren. word in your opinion. IIo-xBoeMy, 3X0 npaBHJibHO? Do you think it's right? nOXEPHXb see XEPflXb nOXOJIlOK m., gen. -Ka ceiling Bhcokhh noxoJiOK. A high ceiling. HH3KHH noxoJiOK. A low ceiling. Ha noxoJiKC bhchx jiaMna. A lamp is hanging from the ceiling. nOTOM adv. then CnaHaJia mm nooSejiajiH, a noxoM nomjiH ryjiflxb. We first had dinner and then went for a walk. nOXOMy HXq [mxo] conj. because Oh He HHcaJi naceM, noxoMy mo 6uJi saHflx. He didn't write letters because he was busy. nOXOH^Xb see XOH^Xb nOXPEBOBAXb see XPEBOBAXb nOXPOPAXb see XPOPAXb nOXHH^Xb see XHH^^Xb noyjKHHAXb see YHCHHAXb nOXBAJiflXb see XBAJlflXb ^OX0'J^ m. hike TypHcxHqecKHH noxoj. A walking- tour. Xo;5HXb B uoxojs,. To hike, to go on a walking-tour. nOX05K|Hfl[, -an, -ee, -ne, short form noxojK, -a, -e, -h resembling Ha Koro oh hoxojk? Whom does he look like? Oh hoxoh? na Moero 6paxa. He looks like my brother. nOU;EJIOBAXb see IliEJIOBAXb nOI^EJIOBAXbCH see E(EJIOBAXbCH nOHBA /. soil nOHEM>^ adv. why HoqeMy bh onosflaJin? Why are you late? nOHEM^-XO adv. for some reason HoqeMy-xo oh ne npHme-i. For some reason he has not come. nOHEXHIblfl, -an, -oe, -He honorary Ho^exHoe aBanne. An honorary title. noHexHHH rocxb. A guest of honour. nOHHHflXb see HHHflXb nOHflCXHXb see HflCXHXb, 1 nOHXA /. 1. post. HocHJiaxb hx6-jih6o ooh- xoH (no no^xe). To send some- thing by post. 2. post-office. PaSoxaxb na noHxe. To work at a post-office. HoHxa pa66xaex c 7 yxpa ffo 12 hohh. The post-office is open from 7 in the morning to 12 at night. nOHXfl adv. almost Oh oxflHxaJi no^xii aBa Mecnna. He rested for almost two months. nOH^BCXBOBAXb see HS^BCXBO- BAXb norayxflxb see rayxflxb n09X m. poet no3 109 nPE noSTOMy adv. that is why IloineJi AOJKflb, noaxoMy mm ocxa- jiHCb AOMa. It began raining, that's why we stayed at home. nOHBflTbCa see nOHBJIilTbCH nOHBJlHlTbCH, -K)Cb, -embCH, -rox- CH imp. r 3 e? / p. noHBHXbca, hohb- jiiocb, noHBHmbcn, hohehxch to ap- pear, to come out Ha He6e noHBHJiHCb SBesAU. Stars came out in the sky. nOHC m., pi. -a 1. belt. Iloflc najibxo. A coat belt. niHpoKHH noHC. A wide belt. 3a- cxernyxb none. To fasten the belt. 2. waist. Gxonxb b bojib no none. To stand waist-deep in water. nPABAA / 1. truth. 3x0 npaB;^a. This is the truth. ToBopiixb npaB^y b rjiaaa. To speak the truth to somebody's face. 2. used as pred. it is true. npaB^a, njo OH yexa.i? — IIpaBna. "/.? it true that he has left?" — ''Yes, it is." «0^ Ho npaBj];e roBopa... To tell the truth... nPABAflBlblfl, -aa, -oe, -He truthful npaBAHBEiH ^ejiOBeK. A truthful man. HpaBAHBEie rjiaaa. Truthful eyes. IIpaBAHBaa ncxopna. A true story. nPABHJIO neut. 1. rule. IIpaBHJio rpaMMaxHKH. A grammar rule. TpyflHoe npaBUJio. A hard rule. 2. only pi. rules. Go6jiK)Aaxb npa- BHJia. To observe the rules. <> KaK npasHJio. As a rule. nPABHJIbHIblS, -aa, -oe, -He; adv. npaBHJibHO correct; right HpaBHJibHHH oxBex. A correct an- swer. Oh npaBHJibHO pemnji 3afl;aHy. He solved the problem correctly. IIpaBHJibHo! That's right/ nPABflTEJIbCTBO neut. government nPAB|0 neut., pi. -a 1. right. HaGnpaxejibHoe npaBo. 6"^/- frage. TpaJK^aHCKHe npaBa. Civil rights. ITpaBO na xpy;^. The right to work. IIpaBO Ha oxahx. The right to rest. IIojibaoBaxbca npa- BaMH. To exercise one's rights. 2. law. Hayqaxb npaBo. To study law. nPAB|bIfl^, -aa, -oe, -ne right ITpaBaa pyKa. The right hand (arm). nPAB|blfi2, -aa, -oe, -He, short form npaB, npasa, npaslo, -h 1. only short form right. Oh npaB B axoM Bonpoce. He is right in this question. Bu He npaBH. You are not right. 2. only complete form right. Bo- poxbca 3a npaBoe ^ejio. To fight for the right cause. nPAS^HHK m. holiday, festive occa- sion Hai^HOHaJibHHH npasAHHK. A nation- al holiday. IlpaBAHHK IlepBoro Man. The First of May holiday. HosApaBJiaxb c npaaAHHKOM. To congratulate on a holiday. nPASaHHHHIblfl, -aa, -oe, -ne fes tive, holiday-like npasAHHqHHH ropoA- A holiday- like city. npasAHHHHHH Benep. A festive evening-party. IIpaSAHHHHHH: KOCxioM. One's best clothes. IIpaBA- HHHHoe Hacxpoenne. A holiday mood. ^PA3J^H|0BATb, -yro, -yemb, -yrox imp. H X 0? to celebrate HpaSAHOBaxb noSe^y. To celebrate a victory. IIpasflHOBaxb ^^Hb po)K- j^enna. To celebrate one's birthday. nPAKTHKA /. 1. practical work. Iloexaxb aa npaK- XHKy. To go to practical work. IIpoxoAHXb npaKXHKy na saBOAe. To do one's practical work at a plant. 2. practice. GBaaaxb xeopnio c npaK- XHKon. To link theory with prac- tice. nPAKTflqECKIHtt, -aa, -oe, -ne 1. practical. HpaKXHqecKHe aana- xna. Practical studies. 2. practical. HpaKxaqecKHH conex. Practical advice. nPAHEHHIAa /., gen. -on laundry GAanaxb 6ejibe b npaqeqayio. To send one's washing to the laundry. nPEBPATflTb see HPEBPAmATb nPEBPATflTbCH seeHPEBPAlHATb- CH nPEBPAIHAITb, -10, -enib, -K)x inip. K 0 r 6? q X o? B K o r 6? b o ^ x 6?/ p. npeBpa|XHXb, -my, -xnrab, -xht to turn (into) HpeBpaxHXb nycxwHio b ca^- To turn a desert into an orchard. nPE 110 nPE nPEBPAipAlTbCH, -locb, -embCH, -lOTCH imp. B Koro? boht 6?/ p. npGBpalTiiTbCH, -mycb, -xHinbCH, -THTCH to turn (into) Bofla npespaTHJiacb b nap. The wa- ter turned into vapour, IlPEA^ArA|Tb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. KOMy? HGMy? HTO? & + inf. I p. npej^JiowHTb, npejtJioHty, npejtJiojKHmb, npeflJiojKaT 1. to offer. Oh npeflJioJKHJi naM KO^e. He offered us coffee. 2. to suggest. Oh npeTtJiojKHJi hoh- TH B KHHO. He suggested that we should go to the cinema. nPEaJlOHCEHHEi neut. 1. proposal, suggestion. Bhccth npe^JiojKeHHe Ha coopaHHH. To make a proposal at a meeting. BocnojibBOBaxbCH npeflJiojKeHneM. To avail oneself of a suggestion. ITojiesHoe npeaJiojKeHne. A use- ful suggestion. 2. proposal. CAeJiaib npeajioweHHe jik)6hmoh flGByniKe, To propose to the girl one lovec. nPE^^JIOaCEHHE^ neut. sentence; nPEAjioHCfiTB see HPEAJlArATB nPE^MET m. 1. object. TH>KeJibiH npeflMex. A heavy object. 2. subject. H HsynaJi axn npeflMexu B niKOJie. / studied these subjects at school. DPE^^IIPHHTHE neut. enterprise Pa66xaxb na npe^npHHXHH. To work at an enterprise. CoBpeMeHHoe npefl- npHflxne. A modern enterprise. nPEACE^ATEJIb m. chairman ^pe;^ceflaxeJIb co6paHHH. The chair- man at a meeting. EpeflceflaxeJib KOJixoaa. A collective-farm chairman. nPEflCTABflTEJIb m. representative ripeflcxaBHxeJifi Hapojia. Representa- tives of the people. IIpeACxaBHxejiH 3aB6;ia. Representatives from a plant. nPEnCTABHTb see nPE^CTAB- JlflTb nPE^CTABJlUlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. I p. npeflcxalBHXb, -bjik), -BHmb, -BHX 1. H X 0? to imagine. IIpejtcxaBJiHXb ce6e KapxHHy 6yAyntero. To imagine the future. 2. K 0 r 6? KOMy? to introduce. IIoBBOJibxe npejtcxaBHXb Baw to- Bipamc* H. Let me introduce Comrade N. nPE^CTGlHTb, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -nx, -hx imp. k o- M y? q e M y? to be ahead HaM npe;^cxoHX HHxepecnaH noeafl- Ka. We are faced with an interesting journey. Mne npe;;cxoHx noexaxb na ceBep. / am to go to the north. HPEAynPEAflTb see HPEAynPE- HCaATb nPE^ynPEHCAAlTb, -lo, -emb. -k)t imp. Koro? hxo? o ne m?/ p. npe;tynpelAHXb, -my, -AHmb, -aht 1. t^ warn. npeAynpe;i;HXb ^ejioae- Ka o6 onacHocxH. To warn a per- son of danger. IlpeflynpeAHXb ox- paA 0 npH6jiH?KeHHH epara. Ta warn a detachment of the ap- proach of the enemy. 2. to prevent. ripej^ynpewAaxb 6o- jiesHb. To prevent a disease. 1. adv. before, first of all. Uipemji,& MH Bcxpe^aJiHCb nacxo. We used often to meet before. Upemj\e Bcero, cKa>KHxe rjiasHoe. First of all, tell me the main thing. 2. conj. before. ITpcjKae qcM roBO- pnxb, nOAyMan. Think before you speak. nPEH{H{Hfl, -HH, -ee, -ne former B nprnnee BpeMH. In former times; in the old days. npe>KHHH nanaJib- HHK. The former chief. nPEKPACHlblfl, -an, -oe, -He, short form npeKpacen, npeKpacHja, -o,. -h; adv. npcKpacHO 1. beautiful. Ona 6Mjia npeKpacna. She was beautiful. 2. fine, wonderful, beautiful. Ilpe- KpacnaH noro^a. Fine weather. IIpeKpacHHH cneKxaKJib. A won- derful performance. Oh HpeKpacHO xannyex. He dances beautifully. 3. used as particle very good, fine. IIpeKpacHO, H saBxpa npHAy. Very good, I'll come tomorrow. <> B OfliH npcKpacHbiii A^Hb. One fine day. nPEKPATflTb see nPEKPAmATb nPEKPATflTbCHsee nPEKPAIIlATb- Cfl nPE 111 nPH I nPEKPAmAlTb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. g T 0? & 4" ^^f- I P- npeKpaJTHTb, -my, -THinb, -THT to stop IIpeKpaTHTb paarOBop. To drop a conversation. IIpeKpaTHTe paaroBa- pHBaTb! Stop talking! nPEKPAmAjTBCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -btch, -iotch imp./ p. npeKpaT|HTbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -htch, -htch to stop J^OJKflb He npeKpamaJiCH. The rain didn't stop. Bexep npeKpaxH.ncH. The wind has abated. nPEMHH /. bonus HoJiy^HTb npeMHK). To get a bonus. nPEO;i,OJIEBAlTb, -K), -erab, -iot imp. ^ T o?/p. npeoflOJie|Tb, -lo, -erab, -K)T to overcome HpeoAOJieBaxb npenHxcTBHH. To overcome obstacles. EpeoflOJieTb yc- TaJiocTb. To overcome fatigue. Ilpe- OflOJieTb CTpax, To overcome fear. nPEOJ^OJIETb see nPEO^OJIEBATb nPEnO^ABATEJlb m. teacher OnHTHHH npenoflaBaTejib. An ex- perienced teacher. npeno^aBaTejib pyccKoro H3HKa. A Russian teacher. nPEHHTCTBHE neut. obstacle CepbeaHoe npenHTCTBne. A serious obstacle. BcTpexHXb npennxcxBHe sa nyxH. To meet with an obstacle. ripeoflojiexb Bce npenHxcxBHH. To overcome all obstacles. nPECXynjIEHHE neut. crime CoBepmHXb npecxynji^HHe. To com.' mit a crime. nPECXynHHK m. criminal OnacHHH npecxynHHK. A dangerous criminal. ApecxoBaxb npecxynnHKa. To arrest a criminal. nPH prep. -\- prepos. 1. in one's presence. He roBopnxe xaK npn mhc. Don't speak so in my presence. 2. under. Jlpn Xlexpe I. Under Peter I. 3. at. IIpH xeMnepaxype e 100 rp^ay- coB U^ejibCHH BOfla npespamaexcH B nap. At a temperature of 100" C water turns into vapour. IIpH cepb- eanoM oxHoraenHH k flejiy bh ;^o- Sbexecb 6ojibraHx ycnexoB. // you adopt a serious attitude towards what you do, you'll make great progress. 4. on, with. PlMCxb hx6-jih6o npn ce6e. To have something with one. 5. in. npn csexe Jiynw. In the moon- light. nPHBJlHHCAlTbCH, -locb, -erabcn, -lOxcH imp. K KOMy? k neM y?/ p. npH6jiH|3HXbCH, -5Kycb, -amnbCH, -3flXCfl 1. to approach, noea;^ npnSjiHmaex- CH K ropoay. The train is ap- proaching the town. \ fig. HpnGJiH- BHXbcH K i^eJiH. To get nearer to one*s aim. 2. fig. no p. to draw nearer. npnSJiH- HtaexcH npasAHHK. The holiday is drawing near. nPHBJiBSHTbCH see HPHEJIH- HCATbCH nPHBOP m. 1. device, instrument. To^HHe npH66pbT. Precision instruments. 2. set. 06eAeHHHH npnSop. Cover. BpnxBeHHHH npH66p. Shaving requisites. nPHBblBAlTb, -K), -erab, -lox imp. Kyaa? / p. npnSHXb, npnSyAly, -enib, -yx, past npn6Hji, npH6HJia, npH6Hji|o, -H to arrive FjiaBa npaBHxejibcxBa npH6biJi c bh- 3HX0M B coceAHiOK) cxpaHy. The head of the government arrived in the neighbouring country on a visit. CaMOJiex npnSHJi xohho. The plane has arrived on time. nPHBb'ITb see HPHEblBATb nPHBECTfl see DPHBOJ^flTb nPHBET m. regards FopflHHH npHBex. Warmest regards. Hepeaaxb npHBex flpyry. To send a friend one's regards. nPHBETCTB|OBATb, -yio, -yerab. -yiox imp. koto? h x o? to wel- come Bce npHBexcxBOBaJiH bhcokofo ro- cxfl. Everyone welcomed the guest of honour. HpHBexcxBOBaxb pemenHe npaBHxejibcxBa. To welcome the de- cision of the government. ^PB[BOJ^B[Tb, npHBowy, upuBOjxmmh, npHBO^Hx imp. k o r o? h x o?/ p. npHBecxH, npHBe;iIy, -erab, -yx, past npHBCwi, npHBeJi|a, -6, -u 1. to bring. npHBecxH pe6eHKa b fl;excKHH ca^. To bring a child to the kindergarten. nPH 112 nPH 2. to lead, /^opora npHseJia b jiec. The road led to the forest. 3. fig. to lead. 3to npHBeJio k to- My, HTO... This led to... 4. to quote, to cite. IIpHBOAHTb npH- MepM. To quote examples. IIpHBec- TH qHTaxy. To cite a quotation. nPHBMKAlTb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. K KOMy? K HOMy? &~}-inf./p. npHBUKHlyxb, -y, -emb, -yx, past npHBMK, -Jia, -JIO, -JIH 1. to get accustomed. IIpHBUKaxb K HOBOMy KJlHMaxy. To get accus- tomed to a new climate. IIpHBbi- Kaxb K HOBbiM xoBapnmaM. To get accustomed to new friends. 2. to get into the habit (of). IIpH- BUKuyxb Kypnxb. To get into the habit of smoking. nPHBb'IKHyXb see HPHBLIKATb nPHBb'IHIKA /., gen. pi. -en habit XopotnaH npHBMqKa. A good habit. Bpejieafl npHBUHKa. A dangerous habit. nPHrJIACflXb see nPHrJlAIHATb nPHrjIAHIAlTb, -K), -eoib, -lox imp. Koro? qxo?&4- i^f- 1 P- npHFJial- CHXb, -ray, -Climb, -cax to invite npnrjiacHXb ^eBymKy b xeaxp. To invite a girl to the theatre. IIpH- rjiamaxb b rocxH. To invite some- body to one's house. Oh npHrjiaciiJi AeByraKy xanneBaxb. He asked the girl to dance with him, nPHrjIAIHEHHE neut. invitation riojiyHHXb npHrJiaraeHHe Ha Benep. To get an invitation for an evening- party. npHHHXb npHrnamenne no- cexHXb cxpaHy. To accept the invi- tation to visit a country. nPHPOBOP m. sentence GnpaBeAJiHBUH npnroBop. A just sentence. BbiHOCiixb npnroBop. To pass sentence. IIpHBOZiHXb npnro- BOp B HcnojiHeHHe. To execute] a sentence. nPHPOmftTbCa, -mych, -flHmbCH, -AfixcH p. KOMy? q e M y? to prove useful Mne npnroAHJiCH xboh cobcx. Your advice proved useful to me. nPHPOXOBHTb see TOTOBHTb, 1 nPHrOXOBHTbCa see rOXOBHTb- CH nPHA^MAXb see HPHAS^MblBAXb nPHA^MblBAIXb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. H X o? / p. ^pH;^y^^a|xb, -lo, -emb, -lox to make up, to think of, to invent HpHAyMaxb npeAJioJKeHHe. To make up a sentence. IIpH^yMaxb hcto- pHK). To invent a story. IIpHjtyMaHxe HT6-HH5yflbl Think of something! nPHESaCAlXb, -K>, -emb, -lox imp. KyAa?/p. npnexaxb, npn^Aly. -erab, -yx to come Ilpnexaxb b qyjKOH ropo^. To come to a strange city. IlpHexaxb k po- aiixenHM. To come to one's parents. Jlpnexaxb na xpaMBae. To come by tram. nPHEXAXb see HPHESaCAXb nPH3qAlBAXb, -K), -erab, -lox imp. Koro? qxo? / p. npH3Ha|xb, -lo, -erab, -lox 1. to recognise. npHsnaBaxb noBoe npaBHxeJibcxBO. To recognise a new government. 2. to admit, npnanaxb cbok oraH6- KH. To admit one's mistakes. nPH3HAlBAXbCH, -locb, -erabcn, -loxcfl imp. KOMy? qeMy? b ^eM.?/p. npH3Ha|xbCfl, -locb, -erab- Cfl, -lOXCfl 1. to declare. npHsnaxbCH AeByraKe B jhoSbw. To declare one's love to a girl. 2. to admit. npnaHaxbCH b cbohx oranSKax. To admit one's mis- nPH3HAXb see nPH3HABAXb nPH3HAXbCH see nPH3HABAXbCH nPHflXfl see HPflXOAflXb nPHflXflCb see nPHXOAflXbCH nPHKA3 m. order GxporHH npHKaa. A strict order. Bm- noJiHHXb npHKaa KOMaH^iipa. To carry out the commander's order. Ox^axb npHKaa coJi^axaM. To give an order to the soldiers. nPHKA3AXb see nPHKA3bIBAXb nPHKA3bIBA|Xb, -K), -erab, -lox imp. KOMy? qeMy?-|- inf. / p. npHKa- aaxb, npHKajKy, npHKaHcerab, npn- KajKyx to order HpHKasaxb BOHCKaM naqaxb na- cxynJiGHHe. To order the troops to commence an offensive. nPHMfiP m. 1. example. Bbixb npHMepoM fljia ;^py^HX. To set an example for nPH 113 nPH others. GJieAOBarb npHMepy Spaxa. To follow one's brother's example. 2. example. IIpHBecTH npHMep. To quote an example. nPHHAAJIEaCjATb, -y, -wmb, -ax imp. K 0 M y? H e M y? to belong SeMJifl npHHaaJie>Kiix napoAy. The land belongs to the people. nPHHECTfl see HPHHOCflTb nPHHHMAiTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. K 0 r 6? H X o?//>. npHHfixb, npHMy, npHMemb, npimyx, past npHHflji, npHHfljia, npimfljijo, -h 1. to receive. IIpHHHMaxb rocxen. To receive guests. 2. to take. JIpimnMaxb JienapcxBO. To take medicine. 3. to take. IIpHHflxb pemenne. To take a decision. 4. to adopt. HpmiHXb hoblih 3a- KOH. To adopt a new law. IIpii- Hflxb pe3oJiK)ii;Hio. To adopt a resolution. 5. to accept. IIpHHHMaxb npejiJio- meHHe. To accept an offer. Hpn- Hfixb npHrJiameHHe. To accept an invitation. 6. to admit. Moero CHua npiiHHJiH B HHCXHxyx. My son has been admitted to the institute. 7.: ripHHfixb yqacxne (b hcm-jihSo). To take part (in something). nPHHOCflTb, npHHomy, npHHocnrnb, npuHocHX imp. k o r 6? q x o?/ p. npHHec|xji, -y, -emb, -yx, past npHHec, npnHecji|a, -6, -it 1. to bring. IIpHHecxii leMOAan. To bring a suit-case. 2. : IIpHHOciixb noJibsy (Bpe^). To prove useful (harmful). nPflHUinn m. principle MMexb xsepALie npHHn;HnH. To have firm principles. OcHOBHbie npimn;H- nw HccjieAOBaHHH. The basic princi- ples of investigation. nPHHflTb see niHlIHMATb nPHPOAA /. natm-e BoraiaH npnpoAa. Rich plant and animal life. Hayqaxb npHpoAY- To study nature. nPMCriATb see nPHCblJIATb nPHCS^TCTBIOBATb, -yio. -yemb, -yiox imp. r a e? to be present IIpHcyxcxBOBaxb na coSpaHHii. To be present at a meeting. Oh npn- cyxcxBOBaJi npn axoM pasroBope. 8—4002 He was present when this conversa- tion took place. nPHCblJlAITb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. Koro? Hxo? Kouy? / p. npH|- cJiaxb, -mjiK), -mjiemb, -mjiiox 1. qxo? KOMy? to send. IIpHCHi- jraxb niicbMa Maxepn. To send letters to one's mother. IIpHCJiaxb HHCbMo no no^xe. To send a letter by post. 2. K o r 6? 3 a h e m? to send. IIpH- cjiaxb 6paxa 3a KnnroH. To send one's brother for a book. nPHX03flTb, npHxojKy, npnxoAHmb, npnxoAHx imp. I p. npnaxja, npHAly, -emb, -yx, past npnmeji, npHmji|a, -6, -H 1. to come. ITpHHXH aomoh. To come home. ITpHXOAHXb na JieK- niHK). To come to a lecture. IIpH- xoAHXb K 6oJibH6My xoBapHiny. To come and see a sick friend. npHHXH B rocxH. To come on a visit. 2. to set in. HpHmjia Becna. Spring has set in. 3. to come. IIpHnxH k BMBOAy (pe- meHHK)). To come to a conclusion (a decidon). ITpHHxii k corJia- meHHK). To come to an agree- ment. 4.:npHHXH B Bocxopr. To be enrap- tured. <> Mne B rojioey npumjia Mbicjib. An idea occurred to me. IlpHHTH B ce6a. To come to one's senses. IIpmlTH B cosHaHiie. To regain consciousness. nPHXOAflTbCH impers. npHXOAHxcH imp. KOMy? / p. npHHXHCb, npn- aSxch, past npnmJiocb to have (to) Mne npHAGxcH BaM Bce paccKaaaxb. I'll have to tell you everything. HaM npnmjiocb npoHHxaxb SoJibmoH Ma- xepwaji. We had to read much ma- terial. nPHHECATbCH see HPHHECbl- BATbCH nPH^ECblBAlTbCH, -rocb, -embcn, -HDxcfl imp. neM?/p. npaqecaxbCH, npnqemycb, npHqemembCH, npn- ^emyxcH to comb one's hair IIPHHflHA /. cause, reason CMeHXbCfl 6e3 npHHHHLi. To laugh without any reason. nPH 114 npo nPHHTHlblfl, -an, -oe, -ue, short form npHHTGH, npHHTH|a, -o, -h; adv. npHHTHO pleasant, nice npHHTHtiH qeJiOBBK. A nice person. IIpMflTHUH neeT. A nice colour. IIpHHTHaH HOBOCTb. Pleasant news. \predic. impers. Mne 61JJ10 npHHTHO CJij'raaTb ero. It was pleasant to me to listen to him. U.VO prep. -^ ace, colloq. about FaccKajKH npo ce6fl. Tell about yourself. Oh paccKaaaJi naM CKasKy npo BoJiKa. He told us a tale about a wolf. *> HnxaTb npo ccSh. To read to oneself. nP0B|OBATb, -yio, -yemb, -yiOT imp. q T o? or + inf. /p. no- np66|0BaTb, -yio, -yemb, -yiox 1. to try. rionp66oBaTb peniHTb aaflaqy. To try to solve the prob- lem. 2. to taste. IIonpoCoBaTb cyn. To taste the soup. 3.: Oh nonp66oBaJi cboh chjiu b 4>yT66Jie. He tried his skill at football. nPOBfil*ItTb see nPOBEPHTb nPOBEPHlTb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. H T 0? / p. npOBeplHTb, -K), -HUIb, -HT to check, to try EpoBepHTb ynpajKHCHHe. To check an exercise. DpoBepHTb onbiT. To check an experiment. nPOBECTfl see nPOBOAflTbi DPOBOAflTbi, npoBOH^y, npoBOAnnib, npoBOAHT imp. /p. npoBecTii, npo- Beflly, -emb, -yx, past nposeji, npo- Bejila, -6, -A 1. Koro? H X 0? KyA^? to lead. Oh npoBCJi rocxH b KOMHaxy. He led the guest into the room. IIpoBecxH napoxoA no KanaJiy. To navigate a ship through a canal. 2. to run over. IIpoBecxH pyKon no BOJiocaM. To run one's hand over one's hair. 3. to draw. IIpoBecxH jihhhk). To draw a line. 4. to put. IIpoBecxH KaH^Ji b ny- cxMHe. To cut a canal through the desert. IIpoBecxH paflHO, raa. To put radio, gas (in the house). 5.: IIpoBecxH aKCKypcHio. To con- duct an excursion. 6. to spend. IIpoBecxH KaHHKyjiH B flep^BHB. To spend one's holi- days in the country. nP0B0aflTb2 see nPOBOMCAXb IIPOBO>KA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. K 0 r 6? / p. npoBOfliixb, npoBOHcy, npOBOAHnib, UpOBOAHX 1. to see (somebody home). Oh npoBOfliiJi fleB5nnKy ^omoh. He saw the girl home. 2. to see off. IIpoBomaxb flpyra Ha BOKaaJi. To see one's friend to the railway station. Bqepa mh npoBOwaJiH npo$coK)3HyK) ^ejie- rannio. Yesterday we saw off a trade-union delegation. nporpAMMA /. 1. programme. IIporpaMMa bA nHXb Jiex. A five-year programme. IIporpaMMa napxHH. A party programme. 2. programme. IIporpaMMa Konn^p- xa. The programme of the con- cert. TeaxpajibHaH nporpaMMa. A theatre programme. 3. syllabus. IIporpaMMa no Maxe- MaxHKe. A syllabus in mathemat- ics. IIFOAA|B^Tb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. Hxo? Koro? KOM y?//). npoAaxb, njpoflaM, npoAamb, npoflacx, npofla- flHM, npoAaAHxe, npoAaflyx, past npoAaJi, npoAajia, npoAajijo, -h to sell Ha pwHKe npoAaiox (|)pyKXH h obo- mn. They sell fruit and vegetables at the market. nPO^ABllim m., gen. -na shop-assis- tant, salesman PaSoxaxb npoflaBuoM. To work as a shop-assistant (salesman). nPOAATb see nPOMB^Tb nPOAOJlHCAITb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. Hxo? & -f inf. to continue IIpoAOJijKaxb pasroBop. To continue the conversation. IIpoAOJiHtaxb nexb. To continue singing. nPOAOJlHCAlTbCfl, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -excH, -ioxch imp. to last CoSpanne npo^ojiHtaJiocb ao B^ne- pa. The meeting lasted till the evening. IIP0J^0J13KEHIIE neut. continuation IIpoAOJiweHHe pa3roB6pa. The con- tinuation of a conversation. IIpoAOJi- npo 115 npo weHHe poMana. The continuation of a novel. ^ IIpoflOjiHceHne cjieffyer. To be continued. nPOAS^KTbl pi. provisions npoAVKTM nHTaHHH. Food-stuffs. MojioHHtie npoAyKTH. Dairy prod- ucts. IIoKynaTb npoAVKTH b Mara- 3HHe. To buy provisions at a shop. nPOE35KA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -k)t imp. HT0?MHM0 ^ e T 6? / p. upoexaxb, npoeAly, -emb, -yT 1. to drive past. IlpoeaHtaTb ropoA- To drive past a town. Ilpoea- jKaxb MHMO ;;6Ma. To drive past a house. 2. to cover (a distance). IIpoexaTb CTO KHJiOMeipoB. To covcr 100 kilometres. B ;;eHb mm npoea- ?KaJiH 50 KM. We covered 50 kilo- metres a day. 3. to miss. H ne snaji, r^e nyHCHO BuxoAHTb, H npoexaji ocTanoBKy. / didn't know where to get off and missed my stop, fl nacTO npoesH^aK) cbok) ociaeoBKy. / often miss my stop. nPO£XATb see HPOESaCATb nP0|3KE[Tb, ->KHBy, -JKHBCmb, -JKHByT, past npoTKHJi, npoH^HJia, np6JKHJi|o, -H p. to live Oh upomnji 75 jict. He lived 75 years. H npoHtHJi b 3T0m ropo^e 10 Jiei. / lived 10 years in that town. nP03PAHH|blfl, -afl, -oe, -ue trans- parent nPOnrPATb see nPOflrPblBATb nPOflrPblBAITb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. HTO? KOMy? hcm y?/p. nponr- pa|Tb, -K), -emb, -iot to lose (a game, etc.), to be defeated Hama KOManfla nponrpajia. Our team lost. XIpoHrpaxb Bonny. To be defeated in the war. nP0H3BEA£HHE neut. work npoH3BeAeHHe HCKyccTsa. A work of art. IIpoHSBeAeHHfl IlymKHHa. The works of Pushkin. nP0H3BECTfl see nP0H3B0Ji;flTb ^P0H3B0/^flTb, npoHSBOJKV, npona- Boflnmb, npoHSBOAHT imp. q t o?/ p. npoH3BecTM, npoH3BeA|y, -emb, -yi,past nponsBCJi, npoH3BeJi|a,-6, -ri 1. to produce. IlpoHSBOAHTb cxan- KH. To produce machine-tools. 8* 2. fig. to make. IIpoHSBecTH rjiy66- Koe BnenaTJieHHe. To make a profound impression. nPOH3B0ACTBO neut. 1. output. npOHSBOflCTBO CXaJIH. Steel output. 2. production. OpyAHH npoH3B6A- CTBa. Implements of production. nP0H3H0meHIlE neut. pronuncia- tion IIpaBHJibHoe npoH3HomeHHe. The correct pronunciation. nPOHSOHTfl see HPOHCXOAflTb nPOHCXO^flTb, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. npoHCXOAHT, npo- HCXOAHT imp. I p. npOH30HTH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. npo- H30HAleT, -yT, past nponsomeji, npoHsomJija, -6, -h to happen Co MHOH npoHsomeji HHTepecHHH cjiyqan. An interesting thing hap- pened to me. Hto 3Aecb nponcxo- AHT? WhaVs happening here? 3Toro 6w He npoH3omji6, ecjin 6u bh 6ti- jiH ocTopoJKHH c omeM. This would not happened had you been careful with fire. nPOflTfl see nPOXOAflTb nPOMb'IfflJIEHHOCTb /. industry TflHtejian npoMumJicHHOCTb. The heavy industry. JlerKan npoMijm- jiCHHOCTb. The light industry. Paa- BHBaxb npOMumJiCHHOCTb. To devel- op industry. nPOMKimJlEHHIbin, -an, -oe, -He industrial IIpoMHmjieHHHH ropoA- An indus- trial town. IIpoMHmJieHHHH n;eHTp, paHOH. An industrial centre, region nPOIIAAAITb, -K), -emb, -k>t imp./p, nponacTb, nponaAly, -emb, -yx, past oponaji, -a, -o, -h 1. to be lost, y MCHH nponaji hocoboh nJiaxoK. / lost my handkerchief. 2. to disappear. Oh ymeji BHcpa BeqepoM h nponaJi. He went away yesterday evening and dis- appeared. 3. to be wasted. BpeMH nponajio apH. The time has been wasted. <> Bee nponajio! All is lost/ fl nponSji. / am a lost man/ nPOnACTb see nPOHAAATb nPOnyCKA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -H)x imp. K 0 r 6? H X 0? / p. nponycxHxb, npo- ^y^^y, nponycxnmb, nponycxHT npo 116 nPO 1. to let through, rpfiaaoe CTeKJi6 nJioxo nponycKaex cbct. A dirty glass lets the light through badly. 2. to let go before. IlponycKaTb flCBymKy B^]epe;^. To let a girl go before one. 3. to omit. nponycTiiTb cjiobo b flHKxaHTe. To omit a word in the dictation. 4. to miss. IIponycKaTb jicki^hh. To mis'i lectures. nponycTflTb see nponycKATb nPOCflTb, npomy, npocHint, npocHT imp. Koro? qxo? o HeM?& + p. inf. I p. nonpocHTb, nonpo- ray, iionpocHinb, nonpocflx to ask npociiTb TOBapwma o noMomn. To ask one's friend for help. IIo- npocHTb hobuh jKypaaji y Apyra. To ask a friend for a new maga- zine. Oh npociiJi nac npotiiiTaxb paccKaa eme pas. He asked us to read the story once more. Mu no- npocMJiH, ^ixoobi OH HOiHeji c heImh. We asked him to go with us. nPOCHyXbCH see nPOCbinATbCfl nPOCnf:KT m. avenue nPOCTflTb see HPOm VTb nPOCTflTbCa see HPOmATbCH nPOCT|Ofl, -aa, -6e, -we, short form npocx, npocxa, npocxjo, -h; adv. npocxo; comp. npome 1. simple, npocxoii npnCop. A simple device, npocxaa aa^aia. A simple problem. 3x0 o'lenb npocxo c;j.eJiaxb. It is very sim- ple to do. 2. ordinary. IIpocxoH nejioBeK. An ordinary man. 3. npocxo particle simply, merely. H cKaaaji axo npocxo xan. / said this for no special reason. 3xo npcS- cxo nexopomo. It is simply ru)t nice. UPOCTPAHCTBO neut.^ space npocx pa HCXBo H BpeMH. Space and time. Be.iB03AyniHoe npocxpancxBO. A vacuum. nPOCTYAftTbCH see HPOCTS^JKH- BATbCa nPOCTS'JKHBAITbCH, -locb, -embCH, -lOXCH imp. I p. npocxyjxHXbCH, npocxyjK^'cb, npocxyj^HmbCfl, npo- cxy;^HXCfl to catch cold OceHbK) JiexKo mowho npocxyAwxb- CH. In autumn people catch colds easily. Oh cnJibHO npocxyAUJicfl. He caught a bad cold. nPOCTblHH /., pi npocxHHH, npo- cxMHb, npocxMHHM, etc. bedshect nPOCbinA|TbCH, -locb, -embcfl, -iot- CH imp. I p. npocHlyxbCH, -ycb, -embCH, -yxcH to awake IlpocHyxbCH paHO yxpoM. To awake early in the morning. nPOCbBA /. request OGpaxfixbCH c upocbSoH. To make a request. BbinojiHHXb npdcbSy. To comply with one's request. V MeHH K BaM 6oJibmaH npocbSa. / have a great favour to ask of you. nPOTHB prep. -\- gen. 1. opposite. Gxoaxb npoxne oKHa. To stand opposite the window. 2. fgainst. BopoxtcH npoxHB Bpa- ra. To fight against the enemy. 3. agaiust, in the opposite direc- tion. MztxH npoxHB Berpa. To go against the wind. nPOXJIAJ^Hlblfl, -an, -oe, -ue, short form npoxjia;i;eH, npoxjiaAH|a, -o, -si; adv. npoxjiaAHO cool ripoxjiaAHMH Be4ep. A cool evening. \predic. impers. CeroAHH na yjiHHe npoxjia^Ho. It is cool outside today. nPOXO/^flTb, npoxojKy, npox6ziHnib, npoxoAHx imp. / p. npoHxw, npoH- flly, -emb, -yx, past npomeji, opo- mJi|a, -6, -H 1. to move. IIpoHXH BoepcA. To move to the front. IIpoHxif no yjiHn;e. To go along the street. 2. to go through. IlpoHxn qepea Jiec. To go through the forest. Jlyqn coJiHua ne woryx npoHXH CKB03b rycxyio JiHCXsy. The sun*s rays cannot penetrate the think foliage. Paapemnxe npoiixH. Will you let me pass, please? 3. to go past. Ilpoxoflwxb mhmo 3AaHHH. To go past a building. 4. to cover. IlpoHXH aa aenb CoJiee 20 KHJioMexpoB. To cover over 20 kilometres a day. 5. to be over. 3HMa nponiJi^. The winter is over. IlpomJio xpn Ha- ca. Three hours went by. 6. to cease. FojioBHaa 6ojib nporajia. The headache has ceased. J^o-m^h npomeji 6ucxpo. It soon stopped raining. npo 117 nyc 7. to study. IIpoxofliiTb Kypc $h- 3HKH. To study a course of phys- ics. Ilpoxoj^wTL Kypc jieqeHHH. To undergo treatment. nPOHHTATb see HHTATb nPOHHIblfl, -aH, -oe, -He, short form npoHGH, npoHHa, npoHHJo, -h; adv. npoHHO 1. durable. IIpohhhh MaxepHaJi. A durable material. 2. fig. strong, lasting. IIpoHHtiH MHp. A lasting peace. Hama ^pVHtCa npoqna. Our friendship is strong. nPOfflJIIblfl, -an, -oe, -He last B nporiiJiOM ro^y. Last year. Ha npouiJiOH nej^eJie. Last week. nPOniAlTb, -10, -einb, -lox imp. ko- to? H T 0? / p. npolcTHTb, -my, -CTlimb, -CTflT 1. to forgive. IIpocTHTb ^ejioBGKa. To forgive a person. Jlpomaxb ouipiSkh. To forgive one's mis- takes. IlpocTHTe Mena! Excuse me! 2. sorry. HpocTiiTe, bh ue sHaexe, ^;^e HBanoB? Sorry, do you know where Ivanov is? ITpocTHTe, bh He CKajKexe, KaK npoexaxb b CoKOJibHHKH? Excusc me, can you tell me how to get to So- kolniki? nPOmA.|TbCfl, -locb, -embCH, -loxca imp. c KeM? c neu? / p. npo|- cxHXbcfl, -m;ycb, -cxHuibca, -cxhxch, or Donpon;a|xbCfl, -locb, -embca, -lOXCH 1. to take leave. IIonpomaxbCH c poA- HHMH nepe/t oxtesAOM. To say good-bye to one's relatives before one's departure. 2. fig.: npocxnxbCH c Me^xoH. To give up one's dream. ^ npoii(au(Te)! Good-bye f HPOflBftTb see HPOflBJlHTb nPOflBJlH|Tb, -K), -euib, -K)x imp. H T 0? / />. npoHBHXb, npoHBJiio, npo- HBHinb, npOHBflX 1. to display. IIpoHBHXb HHxepec K xeMe. To display an interest in a subject. IlpoflBHXb BHHMa- HHe K ycnexaM jipyra. To show interest in one's friend's success. IlpoflBHXb 3a66xy. To show so- licitude. IlpOHBHXb CMGJIOCXb, repoH3M. To display courage, heroism. 2. to develop. IlpOHBHXb njienKy. To develop a film. nPI>irA|Tb, -K), -euib, -lox imp./ p. npHrulyxb, -y, -emb, -yx to jump HpHrnyxb ^epea cxyji. To jump over a chair. Ilpbiraxb c 6epera b BOfly. To jump from the shore into the water. Ilpbiraxb b fl;jiHHy. To do a long jump. IlpHraxb b bhco- xy. To do a high jump. HpHraxb c napauiioxoM. To parachute. npb'irHyxb see npi;irATb nPiIM|OH, -afl, -oe, -ne, short form npHM, npHMa, npHMJo, -h; adv. npHMO 1. straight. IIpflMaa jihhhh. A straight line. HpflMaH flopora. A straight road. M^Hxe Bce BpeMfl npjiMO. Go straight on all the time. 2. only complete form through. ripHMoe cooSiueHHe Me?KAy ropo- ;i,aMH. A through service between towns. 3. fig. frank. IIpHMOH oxBex. A frank answer. IlpflMOH xapaKxep. A sincere character. GKaaaxb npaB- ^y npHMO B JiHi;6. To speak the truth to one's face. nP>l|TATb, -qy, -nenib, -nyx imp. K o r 6? q X 0? ox koto? o x ^ e- t6?/p. cnpajxaxb, -ny, -nemb, -nyr to hide ripfixaxb cnHHKH ox peSeuKa. To hide the matches from the child. IIPH|TATbCH, -Hycb, -genibca, -nyxcH imp. ox Koro? ox ner 6?/ p. cnpH|xaxbCfl, -nycb, -qeuibca,. -nyxca to hide Ilpflxaxbcfl ox BparoB b Jiecy. To- hide from the enemies in the woods. nXflUiA /. bird nxHUH JiexeJiH K lory. The birds were flying to the south. <> J^OManiHflH nxHua. (no pi.} Poultry. n^^rOBHIXA /. button Sacxernyxb najibxo na Bce nyro- BHiiH. To button up one's coat. nyCKA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp./ p. nyCxHXb, nymy, nycxnmb, nyc- xax 1. to let go. H HHKyaa xe6a He nymyl — CKaaaJia Maxb. "/ won't let you go anywhere!" said the mother. Maxb ne nycKaJia ero ryjiaxb. The mother would not nyc 118 PAB let him go for a walk. Hx nyc- THJiH B flOM. They were let into the house. 2. to put into operation. IlycTHTb ajieKTpocTaHi;HK). To put an electric power station into ope- ration. EycTHTb noea;^. To start a train service. <> ElycTHTb KopHH. To take root. IlycTHTb B xoA. To set in motion. HycKfixb nbijib b rjiaaa. To show nyCTflTb see nYCKAXb nyCT|Ofl, -an, -6e, -bie, short form nycT, nycTa, nycxlo, -u; adv. nycTO 1. empty. IlycTOH cxaKan. An empty glass. 3aJi 6hji nycT. The hall was empty. Ha yjiaqe 6hjio nycTO. The street was deserted. 2. fig. shallow. IlycTOH qejioeeK. A shallow person. IlycTOH cnop. A pointless argument. nyCTb'IHfl /. desert nyCTb particle lot nycTb OH npH;;eT saBxpa. Let him come tomorrow. Ilycxb Bcerfla 6y- aex c6jiHi;el May there always be sunshine! nyXEfflECTBHE neut. journey, voy- age, trip KpyrocBexHoe nyxemecxBHe. A round-the-world journey. nyxemecx- BHe no MODK). A voyage. Ilyxemecx- BHe B EBpony. A journey to Europe. CoBepmnxb nyxemecxBne no cxpane. To travel in a country. nyXEmECTBlOBATb, -yio, -yemb, -yiox imp. to travel IlyxemecxBOBaxb no cxpane. To travel in a country. IlyxefflecxBO- Baxb no Mopio. To travel by sea. fl jiio5jik) nyxemecxBOBaxb. / like travelling. nyXb m., gen., dat,, prepos. nyxH, instr. nyxcM; pi. nyxH, nyxen, nyxHM etc. 1. way. 3xox nyxb caMUH Kop6x- KHH. This way is the shortest. 2. journey. BaM npe^cxonx xpyflHHH H onacHWH nyxb. There is a difficult and dangerous journey ahead of you. 3. fig. way. KaKHM nyxcM bh flo6H- JiHCb xaKHX peayjibx^xoB? How {in what way) did you achieve such results? ^ Bbi cTOHxe Ha BepHOH nyr^. You are on the right track. H^T^ no BepnoMy nyxH. To go along the right road. CqacxjiHBoro ny- th! a happy journey/ Oh samcji KG MHe no nyxH. He dropped in at my place on the way. Ho nyxH AOMou n KynHJi raaexy. On my way home I bought a newspaper. Ha o()paxHOM nyxH. On one's way back. nUJlb /., prepos. b hlijih dust CxHpaxb HMJib. To dust. nb£CA /. play 3xa Hbeca hacx b xedxpe MaHK6B- CKoro. This play is on at the Maya- kovsky Theatre. 3xy nbecy no- cxaBHJi OxJiOHKOB. This play was stafed by Okhlopkov. IlbecH H6ce- na. Plays by Ibsen. nbUnibin, -an, -oe, -He 1. drunk. 2. used as n. a drunken man. nUTEPO num. five IlHxepo flpyaen. Five friends. riHTHO neut., pi. nnxHa, nHxen stain HepHHJibHoe HHXHO. An ink-stain. P, P PABOTA /. 1. no pi. work. TsimejiaH pa66xa. Hard work. Pa66xa aJieKxpo- cxaHn;HH. The work of the elec- tric power station. 2. no pi. work, job. Ilocxynnxb Ha padoxy. To go to work. Iloxe- pHXb pa66xy. To lose one^s job. HaHXH pa66xy. To find a job. HflXH Ha pa66xy. To go to work. 3. work. BucxaBKa pa66x xyflOJK- HHKa. Exhibition of an artist's works. PABOXAITb, -H), -emb, -rox imp. 1. to work. Oh pa66xaex xopomo. He works well. PaSoxaxb hhjkc- HepoM. To work as an engineer. Pa66xaxb b HHcxHxyxe. To work at an institute. Pa66xaxb c hh- xeperoM. To work with interest. 2. to work. PaSoxaxb naa cxaxbea, Ha;^ KHHFOH. To work at an article, at a book. 3. to work. MamHHa paSoxaex oxJiHHHO. The machine works per- fectly well. PAB 119 PA 3 ^ Kto He paSoTaeT, tot hg ecT. He who does not work^ neither shall he eat. PABOHlHtt m , gen. -ero worker PABOHiHfl, -an, -ee, -ne 1. working. PaSo^HH KJiacc. The working-class. Pa66qee jifimme- HHe. The working-class move- ment. 2. working. Pa66Hee BpeMH. Work- ing hours. PaSoHHH koctiom. Working clothes. ^ PaSoHHH flenb. Working day. PaSoqaa CHJia. Manpower. PABHOAS^mHlblfl, -aa, -oe, -He. short form- paBHOAymeH, paBHO- ;(yuiH|a, -o, -m; adv. paBHo;^yI^HO indifferent Oh paBHOAynien k npnpoAe. He is indifferent to nature. PABHIHH, -aH, -oe, -ue, short form paBGH, paBHia, -6, -u 1. equal. PaBHue chjih. Equal forces. 2. equal. Mh Bce SACCb paBHu. We are all equal here. 3. equal. J^bb hjiioc ^Ba paBHO ^e- THpcM. Two plus two is four. -(^ Mee Bce pasHO. It's all the same to me. PAfl, -a, -0, -H short adf. KOMy? q e M y? & + m/ (to be) glad fl BaM oqenb pa^. / am very glad to see you. Mm paAH BaoiHM ycne- xaM. We rejoice at your success. PaA Bac BHflexb. I'm glad to see you. fl pafla, mo bh npHouiH. I'm glad you have come. PAJ^HO neut., indecl., no pi. 1. radio. MaoSpeTeHHe pa^HO. The invention of the radio. Ilepefla- B^Tb no paAHO. To broadcast. 2. radio. ITpoBecTii paano. To put radio (in a house). BKjnoHHTb paAHO. To turn on the radio. BuKJiio^HTb pa^HO. To turn off the radio. CJiyuiaTb paAHO. To listen to the radio, j PAJ^|OBATb, -yio, -yenib, -yioT imp. Koro? qxo?//?. oSpaAloBaTb, -yio, -yemb, -yrax to make glad Hac paAyiOT Bauin ycnexH. We rejoice at your success. Mena o6pa- AOBaJio TBoe nacbMO. / was glad to receive your letter. PAJ^|OBATbCH, -yiocb, -yembca. -yiOTca imp. k o m y? h e m y?/ p. o5paAloBaTbca, -yiocb, -yenibca, -yiOTca to rejoice P^AOBaTbca Becae. To rejoice at spring. Mh paAyeMca BauiHM ycne- xaM. We rejoice at your success. PAj^OCTb /. joy, happiness y Meaa 6oJibmaa paAOCTb. / have great joy. Oh CKaaaJi Mae o6 3tom c paAOCTbK). He told me about it with joy. PAS m. 1. time. }KH3Hb Aaexca TOJibKO OAHH pas. Life is given to man only once. HecKOJibKO pas. Sev- eral times. 2. time. B nepBHH pas. For the first time. Ha 3tot pas. This time Oahh pas HAy a no yjiH- ne... One day I was going along the street ... <> KaK pas. Just. He pas. More than once. Hh pasy. Not once, never. CeMb pas oxMepb, oahh pas OTpeJKb. Gf. Measure thy cloth ten times; thou canst cut it but once. PA3BHBA1TBCH -locb, -embca, -rorca imp. I p. pasSaxbca, pa3o6b|i6cb, -embca, -loxca 1. to break. CxanaH pasSifjica. The glass has broken. CxeKJio paaSa- Jiocb. The glass has broken. 2. to crash. GaMOJiex pa36HJica. The plane has crashed. PA3Bflrb see BPITb PA3BflTbCfl see PA3BHBATbCfl PASBYAflTb see BVAflTb PA3BE emphatic particle really PasBe jieKi;Ha Koannjiacb? Has the lecture ended? Paaae xh ae aaaemb? Don't you know? PA3BEJli|KA /., gen. pi. -ok 1. prospecting. PasBCAKa noJieaanx HCKonaeMHX. Pro. paaaiixb, paPOBbjio, -emb, -K)x to develop PA3 120 PAH PasBHBaxb naMHTb. To develop one's memory. PasBHBaTb npoMtiiii- JiGHHOCTb. To develop industry. PasBiiBaxb MLicJib. To develop one's idea. PasBHsaTb CKopocTb. To de- velop speed. PASBHBAITbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -eiCfl, -iotch imp. to develop PeSeaoK 6faicTpo pasBHBaeTCH. The child develops quickly. IlpOMUfflJieH- HOCTb paBBHBaexcH ycneiDHo. The industry is developing successfully. PA3BflTHE neut., no pi. development Pa3BiiTne npoMuniJieHHOcTH, nay- KH. The development of industry, of science. PA3BllTb see PA3BHBATB PA3BflTbCH see PA3BHBATbCH PA3rOBAPHBA|TI>, -lo, -emb, -iot imp. OKOM? 0 HCM? CKGM? to speak PaaroBapHBaTb c jipyrou no-pyc- CKH. To speak to a friend in Rus- sian. PaaroBapHBaxb o saHainHX, 0 SHaKOMWX. To speak about one's lessons, about one's acquaintances. PA3rOBOP m. conversation HHTepecHHH paaroBop. An interest- ing conversation. PasroBop no Te- jie(|)6Hy. A telephone conversation. PA3J^AlBATtCH, Jst & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -ctch, -iotch imp./ p. pasflaTbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. paa^acTCH, paa^a- flyTCfl, past pa3/i|aJiCH, -ajiacb, -ocb, -HCb to be heard PaaflaJiCH sbohok. A bell was heard. B^aJiH pasAaiOTCH rojioca. Voices are heard in the distance. PasAaJiCH yMp rpoMa. A thunderclap was heard. PA3AATI>Cfl see PA3;^ABATbCfl PA3AEBA|TbCH, -locb, -enibCH, -iotch imp. I p. pa3Ae|Tbcfl, -nycb, -HenibCH, -HyTCH to undress PaBABBaTbCfl nepea chom. To un- dress before going to bed. PasfleBaa- Tecb, nojKaJiyncTa! Take off your coat, pleasel PA3AEJlflTb see J^EJlUiTh PA3aETbCfl see PA3JtEBATbCH PA3MfiP m. size PasMep 66yBH. The size of foot- wear. IIoKa>KHTe, nojKaJiyncTa, KOCTioM 50-ro pasMepa. Show me a size 50 suit, please. PA3H|bin, -an, -oe, -He {sing, used rarely) 1. different. Y nnx pasnue xapaK- Tepu, Their characters are quite different. 2. different. TKuTh b paanbix ropo- jxkx. To live in different cities. 3. various. CTyAeHTu paanux na- UHOHaJibHOCTen. Students of va- rious nationalities. ^ejieraTH H3 paanux cTpan. Delegates from various countries. PA30nTlICb see PACXOAflTbCH PA30PBATb see PBATb PA3PE3ATb see PE3ATb PA3PEfflA|Tb, -K), -euib, -iot imp. qTO? KOMy? &-j- inf./ p. paape- mjHTb, -y, -Hmb, -aT to allow Paap^mHTb GoJibnoMy BCTaBaTb. To allow the patient to get up. Paape- niHTe npoiiTii! May I get past, please? PaapeniHTe bohth! May I come in? PA3PEraflTb see PA3PEinATb PA3PyfflAlTb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. n T 0?//?. pa3pym|HTb, -y, -nnib, -aT to destroy PaapyuiHTb aom. To destroy a house. Pa3pymHTb ropo^. To destroy a city. PA3PymHTb see PA3PymATb PA3TbE3aCA|TbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -eTCH, -iotch imp. K y A a? o t k y a a? /p- pa3T.e- xaTbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. paBTieAleTCH, -yTCH to go away in different directions Ka>KAbiH roA CTyAeHTM paa^eawd- lOTCH Ha KaHHKyjiw. Each year the students disperse for the holidays. PA3'b£XATbCH see PA3'bE3MCATb- Cil PAflOH m. 1. region, area. 9to oCmnpHUH npoMtiniJieHHHH paaoH. It is a vast industrial area. 2. district (an administrative di- vision), fl WHBy B JleHHHCKOM panoHe Mockbh. / Hue in the Lenin district in Moscow. PAKETA /. rocket SanycTHTb paKCTy b kocmoc. To launch a rocket into outer space. PAH|HTb, -K), -HHib, -HT Koro? bo q T 6? n e M? imp. & p. to wound PAH 121 PEB I PaHHTb nyjien. To wound with a bullet. I impera. Boiiua paHHJio b py- Ky. The soldier was wounded in the arm. PAHUinfl, -Hfl, -ee, -He early PaHHee yipo. An early morning. PaHHHe $pyKTH. Early fruit. PAHO adv., comp. paHBine 1. early. Pano yxpoM. Early in the morning. BciaTb pa ho. To get up early. Pa ho Jie^b cnaxb. To go to bed early. 3HMa nacTynHJia paHO. Winter came early. H npnuieji paHO, a oh eme panb- me. / came early, but he had come still earlier. H pano na- yqHJiCH qHTaib. / learned to read early. 2. predic. impers. (it is) early. 06e- fl;aTb eme pano. It is too early tq dine yet. Cefiqac pano. It is early now. ^ HeM paHbme, tbm jiyqme. The earlier, the better. PAHbfflE adv. before PaHbuie OH 6eiji jtpyrHM. He was different before. PACCEPAfiTbCH see CEPflflTbCH PACCKA3 m. 1. story. PaccKas MaJibHHKa Mena BSBOJiHOBaJi. The boy's story moved me. 2. story. MHTepecHHH paccKaa. An interesting story. C66pHHK pac- CKaaoB. A collection of stories. PACCKA3ATB see PACCKA3bIBATb PACCKA3blBA|Tb, -lo, -emb, -K)t H T 0? 0 K 6 M? o H e M? imp./ p. paccKaaaxb, paccKaH«y, paccKa- jKenib, paccKajKyx to tell PaccKaaaxb HcxopHio. To tell a story. PaccKasaxb o Apyre, o hK nJi6xo peJKCT. The knife cuts badly. 2. p. oTpeaaTb, 0Tpe>K|y, -emb, -yx to cut. Peaaxb xJie6 ho}k6m. To cut bread with a knife. Oxpeaaxb KycoK xjie6a. To cut off a slice of bread. 3. p. paapeaaxb, paapejKly, -enib, -yx to cut, to carve. Paapeaaxb Kypn- uy. To carve the chicken. P£3K|Hfl[, -an, -oe, -ne, short form peaoK, pesKa, pe3K|o, -h 1. shrill. PeBKHH sbjtk. A shrill sound. PesKHH rojioc. A shrill voice. 2. harsh. Pcskhh qeJioeeK. A harsh person. Oh 6mji peaoK co bc^mh. He was harsh to everybody. 3. adv. abruptly, suddenly. IIoeaA peBKO ocxaHOBHncH. The train stopped suddenly. PESyjlbTAT m. result PeayjibxaxH 6nMX0B. The results of experiments. IIoJiyHHXb xopomne peayjibxaxBi. To get good results. ^ocxHHb xopomnx peayJibxaxoB. To achieve good results. O- B peayjibTfixe. As a result. PEKA /., ace. pcKy, pi. peKH, peK, peKaM, etc. river ninpoKaH peKa. A wide river. riJiuxb no peK6. To sail along the river. Ha 6epery peKH. On the river bank, PEMOHT m., no pi. repair PcMOHX 66yBH. Shoe repairs. Ox- flaxb B peMOHX. To have (something) repaired. C^^Jiaxb peMOHX KBapxH- pu. To redecorate one's flat. PECHtmA /. eyelash JljiwBHue pecHHULi. Long eyelashes. PECn^BJHKA /. republic PECTOPAH m. restaurant 06eflaxb b pecxopane. To have din- ner at a restaurant. PEI^EnX m. prescription Hanac^xb peq^nx. To write out a prescription. IloJiyHHXb jieK^pcxBO no peu6nxy. To have a prescription made up. PEH|b /., gen. pi. -6h 1. speech. HtHBan penb. Living speech. 2. speech. Bucxynaxb c p^qbio. To make a speech. -^Peib HABT o TOM, (iToSbi)... The point is... 05 3tom hb MdHcex 6biTb H pe«iH. It is out of the question. PEinA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. qxo? & -f- inf. I p. pein|Hxb, -y, -nmb, -dx 1. to decide. Mu pemHJin noHxn b KHHO. We decided to go to the cinema. On peuiHJi ^xaxb. He decided to go. 2. to solve. Pemaxb aaflany. To solve a problem. Pemaxb B^HCHbie Bonpocbi. To solve important questions. PEfflEHHE neut. 1. decision. IIpdBHJibHoe pem^HHe. The right decision. IlpHHHXb pe- mcHHe. To take a decision. 2. solution. PemeHHe BawHOH npo- 6JieMM. The solution of an impor- tant problem. PEinflTb see PEfflATb PHC m., no pi. rice ypowaH pHca. Rice crops. Mhco c PHCOM. Meat and rice. PHC|0B.4Tb, -yio, -yemb, -yiox imp. K 0 r 6? H X o? H e M? / /?. napHCjo- Baxb, -yro, -yemb, -yiox to draw PHCOB^xb KapaHAam6M na 6yMare. To draw with a pencil on paper. PncoB^xb ;^0M. To draw a house. POBH|bIfl, -an, -oe, -we; adv. p6BH0 1. smooth. PoBHaH flop6ra. A level road. IlHc^xb poBHO. To write a smooth hand. 2. fig. smooth, equable. P6bhhh r6jioc. A smooth voice. Pobhuh xapfiKxep. An equable temper. 3. adv., used as particle sharp. H npHAy poBHO B xpH. ril come at three sharp. POJ^ m., pi. poflw, poHOB 1. prepos. B pofly family, kin 2. prepos. b pofly birth, stock, ori- gin; generation 3. sort, kind. BcHKoro p6Aa. All kinds of. POA 123 PYK t <^ B CBoeM p5Ae. In its (his, her, etc.) way. Ht6-to b otom poffe. Something of the sort. POJ^HHA /., no pi. mother country SamHxa poAHHH. The defence of one's mother country. TKhtl na p6- flHHe. To live in one's country. IlHCbMO c poAHHH. A letter from one's mother country. POJ^flTEJI|H no sing., gen. -gh par- ents IIoMoraTb poAHTejiHM. To help one's parents. H^htb c poAHiejiflMH. To live with one's parents. POAlflTbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -htch, -htch imp. & p., past -HJICfl, -HJllaCb, -OCb, -HCb & -HJijacb, -OCb, -HCb {only p.) 1. to be born. H poflHJicH b 1930 ^o;^y. / was born in 1930. 2. fig. to occur. V mchh po^HJiacb HACfl. An idea occurred to me. POOTlOfl, -aH, -6e, -He 1. related by blood or affinity. Poa- HOH 6paT. A brother. PoAnaa TCTKa. An aunt. 2. native. Poahoh Kpan. Native land. Poahoh hswk. Mother tongue. 3. used as n., pi. PoAHue. Rela- tives. POACTBEHHHK m. relation jJaJibHHH poACTBeHHHK. A distant relation. Bjihskhh poACTBeHHHK. A near relation. POMC^EHHE neut. birth ^eHb pojKAeHHH. One's birthday. n03ApaBJIHK) BaC C AHCM pOHtA^HHH. Many happy returns of the day. P03A /. rose Kpacnan posa. A red rose. ByK^x po3. A bunch of roses. P030B|blfl, -aH, -oe, -He pink PoaoBoe njiaxbe. A pink dress. POJlb /., pi. pojiH, pojieH part BnyHHTb pojib. To learn one's part. HrpaTb pojib raMJieia. To play the part of Hamlet. ^ HrpaTb BawHyio pojib (b ^eM-Jli^6o). To play an important part (in something). 3to He erpa- CT pojiH. This is of no conse- quence. POMAH m. novel McTopHHecKHH poMaH. An historical novel. OnyCJiHKOBaxb poM^H. To publish a novel. Anxop poMana. The author of a novel. POCT m. 1. growth. PocT pacxeHHH. The growth of plants 2. growth. PocT ropoAOB. The growth of cities. Pocx npoMHin- jieHHOCXH. The growth of in- dustry. 3. stature, ^cjiobok bhcokofo poc- xa, cpeAHero pocxa, HHSKoro pocxa. A person of large stature, of medium stature, of small stat- ure. POT m., gen. pxa, prepos. bo pxy mouth Bo pxy OH AepJK^Ji nannpocy He had a cigarette in his mouth. POHJIb m. (grand) piano Hrpaxb Ha poaJie. To play the piano. PYBAmiKA /., gen. pL -ck shirt; chemise BeJiaa pySaraKa. A white shirt. HoHudH pyS^mna. A nightgown, a night shirt. PyBJl|b m., gen. -a rouble J^sa pySJia. Two roubles. Ilaxb pySJieH. Five roubles. B py6Jie cxo KoneeK. A rouble contains one hund- red copecks. <> He HMefi CTO pySjiefi, a hmgh CTO Apysefi (proverb). It's better to have a hundred friends than a hund- red roubles. pyrA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. kofo? 3 a H X 6? / p. o6pyraIxb, -lo, -emb, -lox to scold MaJib^HKa pyr^JiH aa njioxoe no- BeACHHe. The boy was scolded for bad behaviour. PYK A /., ace. pyny; pi. pyKH pyK, pyKaM, etc. hand, arm JleBaa pyKa. The left hand (arm). IIpaBaa pyna. The right hand (arm). ^epHcaxb B pyKe. To hold in one's hand. Oh nowaji en pyny h ymeji. He shook hands with her and left. ^ HMeTb sojioTue pyKH. To be master of one's work. Macxep ea Bce pyKH. J ack-of -all-trades. ^epKcaxb ce6a B pyKax. To control oneself. BpaTb ceSa b pyKH. To pull oneself together. Hath noA pyKy* To walk arm-in-arm. BpaTb noA pyKy. To take somebody's arm. PyKofi noAaTb. It's a stone's throw (from here) PYK 124 CAfl MaxHyxb pyKOH na Kor6-jiH6o, HTO-JifiSo. To give up somebody, something. 3to b namiix pyKax. It is in our hands. BpaTb b cboh pvKU. To take into one's hands. BbiTb 6e3 Kor6-JiH6o, nero-JiHSo KaK 6e3 pyK. To be quite helpless without somebody, something. PYKAB m., gen. -a sleeve KopoTKHe pyKSBa. Short sleeves. pyKOBOAflTEJlb m. leader PyKOBOIAflTb, -jKy, -flHinb, -flax imp. K e M? q e M? to direct, to run, to lead FyKOBOjiHTb paSoTOH. To direct the work. FyKOBOjtHTb JiioflbMH. To lead people. PyKOBO;^HTb aaBOAOM. To run a plant. PycCKIHH, -aH, -oe, -ne 1. Russian. PyccKHH napoA- The Russian people. PyccKaa npapo- ;^a. The Russian countryside. PyccKHH H3MK. The Russian language. 2. used as n. Russian. Mm pyccKHe. We are Russians. P5^M|KA /., gen. pi. -eK 1. handle. PyqKa ABepn. A door- handle. 2. pen. ITHcaxb pyqKOH. To write with a pen. PL'IBA /. 1. fish. B aKBapnyMe njiaBaJiH paa- Hwe pmSh. Various fishes were swimming in the aquarium. 2. collective fish. JIoBHXb pwCy. To catch fish. 3. collective fish. }KapeHaH pmSa. Fried fish. <> Hii pwGa HH Mnco. Neither fish nor flesh. Pb'IHlOK m., gen. -na 1. market. Kojixoshwh pwHOK. A collective- farm market. IlpoflaBaTb $pyKTbi Ha pbiHKe. To sell fruit in a market. 2. market. MnpoBoa pwHOK. The world market. PHfl m., prepos. o (b) pHAe & b pHAy; pi. pflAM 1. row. PflA AOMOB. A row of houses. Pha JiiOAeH. A line of people. riepBUH pHA napT^pa. The first row of the stalls. CHAeib B n^pBOM pflAY- To sit in the first row. 2. a number (of). Oh npHBeji u6- JiuH pflA npHMepoB. He gave quite a number of examples. B paAe cjiy^aeB axo xaK. In a num- ber of cases it is so. <> BbiTb b nepBbix pnA^x. To be in the forefront. PHAOM adv. 1. nearby. MaraawH naxoAHxcH pa- AOM. The shop i9 nearby. 2. by. Gxofixb phaom c CpaxoM. To stand by one's brother. C, c C prep. I. -i-gen. 1. otf, from. BsHXb KHwry c dojikh. To take a book off the shelf. 2. from. Bepnyxbcfl c paSoxbi. To come back from work. 3. from. C yxpa ao Benepa. From morning till evening. G pannax Jiex. From one's early years. 4. from. IlepeBecxH c pyccKoro H3HKa Ha (J)paHHy3CKHH. To translate from Russian into French. II. -[- instr. 1. with. HejiOBCK c nopx(|)eJieM. A man with a brief-case. Bpax g cecxpoH. The brother and the sister. ToBopMXb c ApysbHMH. To speak to one's friends. Bcxp6- xHXbCH c xoBapHni;aMH. To miet one's friends. 2. with, and. K6$e c mojiokom. Cof- fee and milk. 3. with. Pa66xaxb c yAOBOJibcxBHCM. To work with pleasure. GMOxpexb 4)H;ibM c HHxepecoM. To see a film with interest. CAJ^ m., prepos. b caAy &■ o caAe; pi. caAu garden JI^OM cxoflJi B caAy. The house stood in a garden. (PpyKXOBUH caA- An orchard. BoxaHH4ecKHH caA- Botan- ical garden. <> AcTCKHH caA.yl kindergarten. CAlJ^flTBCH, -Htycb, -AwnifcCH, -ahxch imp. K y A a? & + inf. I p. cecxb, CHAly. -emb, -yx, past ceJi, -a, -o, -h 1. to sit down. CaAWTbCH na cxyji. To sit down on a chair. Gecxb 3a cxoji. To sit down to table. CA5K 125 CBE 2. to get on, in. CaflHTbcn b noes^, B aBTOModHJib. To get on a train, in a motor-car. 3. to set (to work). GecxB sa pa66- Ty. To set to work. 4. to set. CojiHi^e caAHTca. The sun is setting. CAHCAlTb, -H),^ -eniB, -k)t koto? HTO? Ky^a? imp. I p. nocaAWTb, nocajKy, nocaAHoiB, nocaAHx 1. to put, to place. IIocaAaTb dth- ny B KJiexKy. To put the bird into a cage. 2. to plant. GajKaxb i^Bexti. To plant flowers. CAJIAT m. 1. lettuce. GBe?KHH caJiax. Fresh lettuce. 2. salad. CaJiax h3 orypi^oB, h3 no- MHAopoB. A cucumber salad, a tomato salad. CAJI /., no pi. amateur talent activities XyAOJKecxBeHHaH caMOAenxeJib- Hocxb. Amateur theatricals. Be^ep caMOAeaxeJibHOCXH. An amateur concert. 'CAMOJIET m. aeroplane Jlexexb na caMOJiexe. To go by air. PeaKXHBHBiH caMOJiex. A jet plane. CAMOOBCJiyaCHBAHHE neut. self- service CaMoo6cjiyHtHBaHHe b cxojioboh. Self-service in a cafeteria. MaraaHH caMOo6cJiyH B caMOM ACJie, oh npae. As a matter of fact, he is right. Mm AyMEJiH, OH 66jieH, a na eaMOM ACJie OH SAopoB. We thought he was ill, but in fact he is all right. CAXAP m. sugar KnjiorpaMM caxapa. A kilogramme of sugar, ^an c caxapoM. Tea with sugar. CBOPHHK m. collection GGopuHK cxaxeH. A collection of articles. CBAjUbBA /., gen. pi. CBaAeS wed- ding Becejiaa CBaA^Sa. A merry wedding. Bhxb Ha CBaAbSe. To be present at a wedding. ilpasAHOBaxb cBaAb6y. To celebrate one's wedding. <> J^o cBaAb6bi saHfiiBCT (proverb). It'll have healed before your wed- ding. CBAPflTb see BAPflTb CBE3K|Hfl, -aa, -ee, -ne, short forni CBejK, cBewa, CBe>K|e, -h; adv. cBemo 1. fresh. GBe>Kee mfico. Fresh meat. CBe>KHe HBexH. Fresh flowers. GBemne ApyKXH. Fresh fruit. GBe>KHe OBO^^H. Fresh vegeta- bles. 2. fresh. Gbcjkhh BoSAyx. Fresh air. Ha CBeHteM BOSAyxe. In the fresh air. 3. cool. GBeJKee yxpo. A cool morn- ing. I predic. impers. GerOAHH CBewoI It's cool today/ CBE 126 CBH 4. fresh. Cb^jkhg raaexH. Fresh newspapers. <^ BpaTbCH 3a paSoTy co ceeHcnMii CHnaMH. To tackle the work with renewed strength. CBEPKA|Tb, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -ex, -K)t imp. / p. CBepK- hIvtl, 7s/ & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -ex, -yx to flash, to sparkle B He6e CBepKHyjia mojihhh. Light- ning flashed in the sky. Mope csep- KaJio. The sea was sparkling. CBEPKH^Tb see CBEPKATb CBEPXy adv, 1. oxKyfla? from ahove. Ceepxy ynfiji KaMeHb. A stone fell from above. CMOxpexfc csepxy bhh3. To look down. 2. Tjie? on the surface. JKnp njia- Baex CBepxy. Fat floats on the surface. CBETi m., no pi. 1. light. CojiHGHHUH CBex. Sun- light. 2. light. Samemy cBex. To switch on the light. IIoracHXB cbbx. To ■ switch off the light. IIocMOxpexL Ha CBex. To look (at something) against the light. Hnxaxb npn CBexe jiaMDH. To read by lamp- light. <» yqeHbe — cbbt, a Heyqenbe — TbMa (proverb). Cf. He that ne- glects learning in his youth, loses the past and is dead for the fu- ture. CBET2 m., no pi. world riyxeniecxBHe BOKpyr csexa. A jour- ney round the world. CBETflTb, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. CBexHX, CBexflX CojiHixe flpKO CBex MX. The sun is shining brightly. CBl^TJl|bIfl[, -an, -oe, -He; adv. CBexjio 1. light. GBexjian KOMHaxa. A light room. I predic. impers. Ha yjiHii;e CBexjio. It is light in the street. 2. light. Cbcxjiuh kocxiom. A light suit. 3. fig. lucid. CBexjiHH yM, CBexjiaa roJiOBa. A lucid mind. CBHA'^HHE neut. appointment, meet- ing Haxh Ha CBHfldHHe. To go to keep an appointment. HasH^HHXb CBHAd- HHe. To make an appointment. <> flo CBnAaHnn! Good-bye/ J^o CKoporo cbma^hhh! See you soon/ CBOBO^A /. 1. only sing, freedom. BopbCa 3a CBO- 66fly. Struggle for freedom. 3aB0e- Baxb CBoGoAy. To win freedom. 2. freedom. CBo66;;a cjiosa. The freedom of speech. CBo66;^a ne- qaxH. Freedom of press. CBOBO^Hlblfl, -an, -oe, -He, short form cBo66;teH, CBo66AH|a, -o, -h; adv. CBo66flHO 1. free. CBo66flHHH Hapo;^. A free people. 2. only complete form free of charge. Cbo66ahhh bxoa. Free admis- sion. 3. adv. fluently. H CBo66flHO roBopi^ no-anrjiBHCKH. / speak English fluently. 4. vacant. CBo66AHoe Mecxo. A va- cant seat. 3to Mecxo CBoSoflHO? Is this seat vacant? 5. free. CBoSoAHoe BpeMH. Free time. CeroflHfl BeqepoM a CBo66AeH. / am free tonight. CBOB, CEOH, CBoe, cboh pron. one's (own) fl HAy K CBoeMy xoeapHmy. / am going to my friend's. Oh naACJi cboh kocxiom. He put on his suit. H npocHJi xoBapnnia npHnecxH mhb CBOK) KHHry. I asked my friend to bring me his book. CBOflCTBO neut. property CBflSATb see CBH3bIBATb CBH3bIBA|Tb, -K>, -emb, -rox imp, Koro? Hxo? c KCMPcqe m?/ p. cBflsaxb.cBHHty.cBHHcemb, CBHmyr 1. to tie together. CBHsaxb OAny BepeBKy c ApyroH. To tie one rope to another. 2. fig. to involve. 3xo CBHsano c 6ojibmHMH xpyAHOCxflMH. This involves great difficulties. CBfl3b /. 1. tie. VKpenjiflxb cbhsh c napoAa- MH Bcex cxpaH. To strengthen the ties with the peoples of alt countries. 2. communication. Tejierpd^nan CBHBb. Telegraph communication. 3. connection. •<> B CBH3H C TeM, HHTaxb npo ceCn. To read to oneself. Buhtb h3 ccGh. To be beside oneself. UpiiiiTH b ce6fl. To come to one's senses. CEBEP m., no pi. i. north. CaMOJiex jieTHT na cesep. The plane is flying northward. K ceBepy ox Her6-JiH6o. North of some place. 2. north. JKbxb na ceBepe. To live in the North. C£BEPH|blfl, -an, -oe, -He north(ern) CeBepHUH Bexep. A north wind. CeBepHUH nojiioc. The North Pole. CEPOOTH [-bo-] adv. today GeroAHH Syaex ao>kjii>- ^^ ^Hl fc^^n today. CeroAHH yxpoM. This morn- ing. CeroflHH BeqepoM. Tonight. CErOAHflmillHfl, -Ra, -ee, -He to- day's CeroAHflmHflfl rasexa. Today's news- paper. CEJ^10B[, -an, -6e, -He, short form ce^, ce^a, ce^H 1. grey. CeflHe bojioch. Grey hair. 2. grey-haired. CeAOH cxapHK. A grey-haired old man. CEHHAC arfy. 1. now. CeHH^c h qyBcxByio ce6fl xopomo. Now I feel well. Cen- ^ac HAex ypoK. A lesson is in progress now. 2. right now. H cenqac npH^y. I'll come right now Gen^ac me HAH ciOAa! — CeHHac! ''Come here at once/" "Just a mo- ment/" CEKPETAP|b m., gen. -A secretary CEK^HAA /. second ^Be ceKyHAH, naxb ceKyHA. Two seconds, five seconds. <^ Chio CBKyHAy! Just a moment/ CEJlO neut., pi. cejia village CEJlbCKlHfl, -an, -oe, -He country, village CejibCKafl MecxHOCXb, Country local- ity. CejibCKan }KH3Hb. Country life. CejibCKHH Bpan. A country doctor. •<> CejibCKoe xo3flHCTBO. Agricul- ture. CEMbH /., pi. ceMbH, ceMen family ^pyjKHaH ceMbH. A united family. y MCHH 6ojTbmafl ceMba. / have a large family. CEHTUBPIb m., gen. -A September 3aBxpa Dflxoe ceHxaCpji. Tomorrow is the fifth of September. B cen- Xfl6pe y nac enie xenjio. It is still warm in September in our parts. CEPAEHHiblH, -an, -oe, -ne, short form cepAeqeH, cepAeHH|a, -o, -h; adv. cepAeqno cordial IlepeAaxb cepAennHH npHBex. To give one's warmest regards. CepAeH- HHH npneM, cepAeHHan oScxanoBKa. A cordial reception, a cordial at- mosphere. CEP;i;flT|blfl, -an, -oe, -ne, short form cepAHX, -a, -o, -h; adv. cepAHXo angry CepAHXHH qeJiOBCK. An angry per- son. H cepAHX na nero. / am angry with him. CepAHXHH BarJiHA- An angry look. CEPJ^flTbCH, cepjKycb, cepAHmbCH, cepAHxcH imp. h a k o r 6? Ha mo? I p. paccepAHXBCfl, CEP 128 CHJI paccepwycb, paccep/iHinbCfl, pac- cepAHTCfl to be angry He cep^HCbl Don't be angry! Maxb paccep;(HJiacb na cwHa aa ono3Aa- HHe. The mother was angry with her son for being late. C£POT|E neut., pi. -a, cepAei^, cepA^aM, etc. 1. heart. V nero dojibHoe cep^i^e. He has a bad heart. 2. fig. heart. Oh aaMeqaieJibHtiH qejiOBeK, y nero aojioxoe cepAi;e. He is a wonderful man, he has a heart of gold. <> IIosApaBJiflTb OT Bcero cepAUA' To congratulate with all one's heart. FoBopHTb OT HHCToro cepwa. To speak from the bottom of one's heart. V mbhh ee jicwht k oTOMy cepnue. / have no liking for this. CEPEA0HA /. middle CepeAHHa Kpyra. The centre of a circle. B cepeAwne Jieca. In the middle of the forest. GepeAHHa Jie- Ta. The middle of the summer. C£P|bIfl, -an, -08, -He grey GepuH KOCTioM. A grey suit (cos- tume). Cepue rjiaaa. Grey eyes. CEPbE3H|bIfl, -an, -oe, -He, short form cepheaen, cepbe3H|a, -o, -h; adu. cepbeano 1. serious. GepbesHHH HeJioeeK. A serious person. 2. serious. GepbeBHan Knnra. A se- rious book. GepbesHaa MysHKa. Serious music. GepbliauHH paa- roBop. A serious talk. Gepbeauo 3a,"yMaTbrH. To think seriously. 3. serious. Gepbeaeoe nojioweHHe. A serious situation. GepbcanaH 6o- Jieaub. A serious illness. CECTPA /., pi cecipw, cecxep, cecxpaM, etc. 1. sister. Gxapraafl cecxpa. Elder (eldest) sister. MJiaAmaa cecxpa. Younger (youngest) sister. Poa- HaH cecxpa. A sister. /],BOi6poAHaH cecxpa. A cousin. 2. nurse. MeAHmiHCKaH cecxpa. A (hospital) nurse. CECTb see CAAflTbCH CE|HTb, -K), -euib, -lox imp. q x o?/ p. noce|flXb, -K), -emb, -lox to sow GcHXb omeHHqy, KyKypyay. To sow wheat, maize. CaeE^b see aCEHb C3AflH 1. adv. behind. Oh men csaAH. He was walking behind. 2. prep. -{-gen. behind. GaaAH AOMa 6hji caA. There was a garden be- hind the house, fl chacji caaAH mo(J)epa. / was sitting behind the driver. CHIflETb, -my, -Anmb, -ahx imp. TAB? 1. to sit. GiiAGTb HaAHBane, na cxy- Jie. To sit on the divan, on a chair. 2. to stay. I^eJiHH A^Hb oh CHAeji OAHH. He stayed at home alone the whole day. <> CiiAexb Ha raee y Kor6-jift6o. To be on somebody's hands. CBflfitb CJio» EeHcaxb nao Bcex cn;i. To run as fast as one can. J^eJiaxb qTO- jih6o qepea CHJiy. To force one- self to do something, fl ne b CHJiax CAGJiaTb 3T0. / am unable to do that. 3to CBUine mohx chji. This is beyond my powers. Mhc 6to He noA CHJiy. this is beyond my powers. 3to b Hamiix CHJiax. We are able to do that. GflJIbH|blfl, -an, -oe, -He, short form CHJiea, CHJIbHa, CHJIbHO, CHJIbHH; adv. CHJIbHO 1. strong, powerful. Cwnbuuu qejioj BeK. A strong man. Ghjii>hhh BapHB. A powerful explosion. GHJibHO yAapHXb. To hit a heavy blow. I fig. Ero penb npoHSsejia Ha MCHH cHJibHoe BncHaxJieHHe. His speech made a strong impression on me. Y Hero CHJibnaa bojih. He is a man of strong will. 2. loud, severe. GnJibHHH myM. A loud noise. GnJibHHH Mopos. Se- vere frost. CHH 129 cKy I CflHintt, -Hfl, -ee, -He blue CHHee Mope. Blue sea. CnHne rjia- 3a. Blue eyes. CHPOTA m. & /., pi. CHpoTH orphan Oh ocxajicfl cnpoTon. He became an orphan. <> KpyrjiWH CBp«Ta. A complete orphan. CKA3ATb see TOBOPflTb CKA3|KA /., gen. pi. -ok fairy-tale Hap6ji;HBie CKasKH. Folk tales. CKAMElflKA /., gen. pi. -bk bench CuAeTb na CKaMCHKe. To sit on a bench. CKATEPT|B /., gen. pi. -m table- cloth BeJiaH CKaTepiB. A white table- cloth. riocTejiHTb CKaxepTB, To spread a table-cloth. Gtoji noKpHT KpacHBOH CKaxepTbio. The table is covered with a beautiful table-cloth. CKBEP m. public garden B CKsepe nrpajin ji;eTH. Children were playing in the public garden. CKB03b prep, -j- ace. through CKBOSb jiHCTBy 6biJio BHAHO He6o. The sky was visible through the fo- liage. <> CMOTpeTb Ha ^TO-JIHSo CKBOSb najibi^bi. To close one's eyes to something. CK0JIb3K|Hfl, -an, -oe, -ne; adv. CKOJibSKO slippery GKOJibSKHH noji. A slippery floor. \predic. impers. Ha yjiHn,e cKOJibSKO. It is slippery outside. CKOJIbKO how much, how many GKOJibKO qeJiOBBK npHffljio? How many people have come? GKOJibKO CTOHT 3Ta KHiira? How much is this book? GKOJibKO BpeMeHH? What time is it? GKOJibKO BaM Jiex? How old are you? ITocMOTpHTe, CKOJibKO 3Aecb KpacHBWX i^BeTOB! Look what a lot of beautiful flowers there are here! <> GKOJibKO rOJIOB, CTOJIbKO yMOB. As many men, as many minds. CKOPEE 1. comp. of adv. cKopo 2. adv. rather, sooner. Oh CKopee yMpeT, ^eM npnanaeT cbok) oiiiH6KyI He will rather die than admit his mistake! <0' CKopee Bcero axo thk. Most likely it is true. 9—4002 CKOPO adv., comp. CKopee soon GKopo HacxynHT Becna. Spring will come soon. H. CKopo npn^y. I'll come soon. npHxo^H CKopee! Come sooner! KaK moh^ho CKopee. As soon as you can. CKOPOCTb /. speed Exaxb c SojibmoH CKopocxbio. To drive at a high speed. CKOPlblfl, -an, -oe, -He 1. fast. GKopHH noesji,. A fast train. GKopaH noMomb. First aid. 2. soon. ^0 CKopoH Bcxpe^n! See you soon! J\o CKoporo cBHflaHHfl! See you soon! CKPflniKA /., gen. pi. -ok violin Hrpaxb na CKpiiUKe. To play the violin. CKPOMHIbia, -an, -oe, -He; adv. CKpOMHO 1. modest. Ckpomhhh qeJiOBCK. A modest person. GKpoMUO Becxii ce6H. To behave modestly. 2. moderate. GKpoMHbie ycnexii. Moderate success. CKPbIBA|Tb, -K), -erab, -lox imp. nxo? ox Koro? ox Her 6?/ p. CKpHxb, CKpolK), -emb, -K)X to conceal GKpHBaxb BsrJiHAH. To conceal one's views. Oh CKptiBaex, hxo nii- mex cxHXii. He conceals the fact that he writes poetry. CKPblBAITbCH, -locb, -embcH, -ioxch imp. r A e? ox k o r 6? / p. CKpnxb- cfl, cKp6|iocb, -embcfl, -ioxch 1. only imp. to hide. GKpHBaxbCfl ox noJiHUiHH. To hide from the police. 2. to escape. IIpecxynHHK ckplijich. The criminal escaped. 3. to disappear. IIoesA ckplijich BAaJiH. The train disappeared in the distance. HejiOBeK CKpuJiCH 3a yrJiOM. The man disappeared round the corner. CKPblTb see CKPblBATb CKPb'ITbCfl see CKPblBATbCIl CKYHAITb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. no K 0 M y? no H e M y? to miss, to be lonesome GKynaxb no poAHxeJiHM. To miss one's parents. GKynaxb no ]x6uy. To be homesick. cKy 130 CJIO CKS'HHiblfl, -an, -oe, -He, short form CKynen, cKy^Ha, CKy^Hlo, -h; adv. CKy^HO 1. dull. CKyqHHH nejioBeK. A dull man. 2. boring. CKyiHHU paaroBop. A boring conversation. 3. adv., predic. impers. (to be) bored. Mne CKyHHO. / am bored. CJlAB|Llfl, -an, -oe, -we, short form cjia6, cjiaSa, cjia6|o, -h; adv. cJia6o 1. weak. GJiaSHH nejiOBeK. A weak person. CJiaStiH y^ap. A feeble blow. GjiaSoe cep^iie. A weak heart. 2. fig. weak. Cjia6aH bojih. A weak will. CjiaSma xapaKxep. A weak character. <> 3to ero cjiaSoe mccto. It's his weak point. CjiaSaa uaj^emjia. A feeble hope. CJIABA /., no pi. fame; glory FpoMKan cjiaea. Great fame. K Heiny npHiujia CJiaea. He has become fa- mous. GJiaea noKopHTejiHM KOCMOcal Glory to the conquerors of Space! CJIABH|LIB[, -afl, -oe, -He fine, nice Oh cJiaBHHH napenb. He is a fine fellow. CJIA^KIHH, -an, -oe, -ne, short form cjiaAOK, cjia^Ka, cjiaj];K|o, -h; adv. cjiaflKo; comp. cjiarqe sweet CJiaAKoe hSjioko. A sweet apple. CJiaAKHH Han. Sweet tea. \ fig. GJiajt- KaH yjiLiGKa. A sweet smile. CJIEBA adv. {cf. HAJIEBO, 2) to (on) the left GjieBa — OKHO, cnpaBa — ;iBepb. On the left is a window, on the right is a door. CJieBa ot MenH CH^eji MOH CTapHH j^pyr. On my left sat an old friend of mine. CJIEJ^ m., pi. cjieAH 1. track. GjieflH na enery. Tracks on the snow. H^th no cjie;^aM. To follow in the tracks. 2. gen. -a trace. Cjiej^H KpacKH. Traces of paint. 3. fig. trace. CJie^H bohhh. The traces of the war. <> OcTHBHTb cjie^. To leave a trace. Hc^eanyTb 6e3 CJiefla. To dis- appear without leaving a trace. CJIE|/^flTb, -JKy, -j^Hinb, -aht imp. 3a KCM? 3a HCM? 1. to follow. GjieflHTb 3a ABH»eHHeM cnyxHHKa. To follow the move- ment of a satellite. 2. to have an eye (on). GJieflHTb 3a HOBHHKaMH jiHTepaxypH. To have an eye on the latest publi- cations. 3. to watch. Cjie^HTb 3a sparoM. To watch the enemy. CJifiAOBATEJIBHO conj. therefore, consequently A paBHO B, cjiejtoBaxejibHO B paB- h6 A. A equals B, therefore B equals A. CJIEJ^yiOimHfl, -an, -ee, -ne next B cjiejtyioniHH paa. Next time. Ha cJie/tyioniiHH ;i;eHb. On the next day. CJIE3A /., pi. cJiesH, cjies, cJie3aM» etc. 1. t^r. no ee Jiimy xeKJin cjiesH. Tears were streaming down her face. 2. pi. tears. ToBopiiTb cKB03b cJiesH. To speak through tears. <> OGmaho AG cjie3. It is enough to make one cry. CMeflTbCH flo cjiea. To laugh until one cries. GjiesaMH ropH) ho rioMOHcenii* (proverb). Cf. It's no use crying over spilt milk. CJIEniOfl, -afl, -oe, -ue blind CJienoH MaJibHHK. A blind boy. CJlflmKOM adv. too Th noemb cjiiimKOM rpoMKO. You are singing too loud. <> 3to (ywx) cjiumKOM! That's really too much! CJIOBAP|b m., gen. -A dictionary, vo- cabulary AHPJio-pyccKHH cJiOBapb. An Eng- lish-Russian dictionary. Op^orpa- ^uqecKHH cjiOBapb. A spelling die- tionary. Tojikobhh cjiOBapb. An explanatory dictionary. CJIOBIO neut., pi. -a 1. word. T^JiHHHoe cjiobo. A long word. Xopomne cjioBa. Good words. 2. speech. CBoSoAa cjiOBa. Freedom of speech. 3. only sing, remark. 3aKJii0HHTejib- Hoe CJIOBO. Concluding remarks. npcAOCTaBHTb CJIOBO. To give the floor. 4. only sing. word. C^epjKaTb cjio- bo. To keep one's word, ^aib CJIO 131 CME ^ecTHoe CJIO BO. To give one's word of honour. 5- word. PoMaHC na cjiosa Ilyin- KHHa. Romance, words by Push- kin. •<> Ho cJioBaM 6paTa. According to one's brother, PaccKaaaxb cbo- HMH cjiOBaMH. To tell in one's own words. BepHTb Ha cjiobo... To take somebody's word for... CflCJiaTb no nocjieAHeMy cjio- ey HayKH h tcxhhkh. To do something according to the last word in science and technology. B jiByx cjiOBax. In a nutshell. CJlOHCHIblfl, -an, -oe, -ho, short form cJiojKGH, cjiojKHa, cji65Kh|o, -h; adv. cjiomno 1. complex. CJiojKHaH Mamima. A complex machine. 2. complicated. CjiojKHaa aafla^ia. A complicated task. CjiojKHafl oScTanoBKa. Difficult situation. Bee 9T0 oieHb cjiojkho. This is all very complicated. CJIOMATB see JIOMATb CJIOMATBCH see JIOMATBCH CJIOH m., gen. -a elephant CJiyjKAIlilHfl m., gen. -ero employee CJiyjKflTb, cJiyjKy, cjiymnmb, cjiy- JKax imp. 1. KOMy? neMy? to serve. GJiy- HtHTb Hapo^y. To serve one's people. CJiyJKHTb flejiy MHpa. To serve the cause of peace. 2. r fl e? K e M? to serve, to work. CJiyjKHTb B apMHH. To serve in the army. CJiyJKHTb b 6aHKe. To work in a bank. CJiyjKHTb 3ko- HOMHCTOM. To work as an econ- omist. 3. q e M? to be. GJiyjKiiTb npHMe- poM AJiH flpypHX. To be an example for others. CJiyx m. hearing y pe6eHKa xopomnn cjiyx. The child has a good ear. MysMKaJib- HHH cjiyx. A good ear for music. CJI^HAfl m. incident GJiyHaii h3 h^hshh. An incident from life. <> HecqacTHbiH cjiy^afi. An acci- dent. Ha BCflKHH cjiy^aii a aa- HHcaji ero aflpec. / wrote down his address just in case. B ot- nejibHbix cJiy^aHx aro bo3m6h<- 9* HO. In some cases it is possible. B TOM cjiy»iae, ecjin h 3a6o- JieK), SBOHHTe MHO flOMOH. In case I fall ill, ring me up at home. IIh b kocm cjiy^iae. On no account. CJiy^AflHIBlfl, -an. -oe, -Me; adv. cjiy^aHHo accidental CJiy^aHHaa oraH6Ka. A slip, a for- tuitous mistake. CJiy^^aiiHO Bcxpe- THTbCii. To meet by accident. CJiyHAlTbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -excH, -iotch imp. c K e M?//). cJiyq|HTLCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -htch, -axcfl to happen Hto cjiyqHJiocb? What's happened? Go MHOH cjiyHHJiocb Hec^acTbe. / have had a misfortune. CJiyHflTbCH see CJiyHATbCfl CJiyiHAITb, -K), -enib, -k)t imp. ko- to? ^TO? 1. to listen. BEHMaTCJibHO cjiymaxb MysHKy. To listen to music at- tentively. 2. to attend. CJiymaxb jicki^hh (Kypc JieKn;Hii). To attend lec- tures (a course of lectures). 3.: H cjiymaio! Hallo/ Yes! CJI^fflAITbCH, -K)Cb, -embCH, -iotch imp. Koro? n e r 6? / /?. nocjiy- ma|TbCH, -locb, -embCH, -iotch to obey Pe6eH0K He cjiymaexcH Maxepn. The child won't obey his mother. nocjiyraaficfl Menal Listen to me! Do as I tell you! CJIIiinilATb, -y, -Hmb, -ax imp. ko- to? q X 0? 0 K 6 M? o q e m?/ p. ycjiMmlaxb, -y, -iimb, -ax ' 1. to hear. Hjioxo cjibimaxb. To hear badly. H cjiwmy xe6a. / can hear you. 2. to hear. Mw cJiLimaJiii o6 axoH HOBocxH. We heard about that news. Mh cJibimaJiH, ^xo oh npn- ACT 3aBxpa. We heard that he would come tomorrow. CJIb'IfflHO Koro? HTO? predic. impers. (it is) heard Mne He cjitimno xeSn. / can't hear you. S^ecb xopomo cJiHrnno. One can hear well here. CMEJIIblH, -an, -oe, -ue, short form CMCJi, cMeJia, CMeJi|o, -bi; adv. CMe'jio 1. brave. Gmcjimh HeJiOBCK. A brave CME 132 CHH man. J^eHCTBOsaTb CMeJio. To act bravely. 2. jig. bold. CvieJioe pemeHHe. A hold decision. GMeJiaH Hflea. A hold idea. CMGHA /. 1. succession. CMena ahh h hohh. Succession of day and night. 2. fig. successors. J^exH — name CMena. Children are our succes- sors. 3. shift. y^HTbCH B nepByio cmc- Hy. To go to school in the first shift. PaSoiaTb b ^tHeBnyio CMe- Hy. To work in the day shift. «0> npHHTH Ha CMGHy KOMy-JIH5o. To succeed (relieve) somebody. CMEPTb /., pi. CMepxH, CMepieH, CMepTHM, etc. death <^ IlacTb cMepTbH) repofl. To die the death of a hero. 3to Bonpoe HCHSHH II cMepTH. This is a question of life and death. Ha- floecTb a6 cMopTH. To bore to death. CMEX m., no pi. laughter TpoMKHH CMex. Loud laughter. <> IIOAHflTb Ha CMBX K0r6-JIH50. To make fun of somebody. CMEinH|Ofl[, -an, -6e, -we, short form CMemoH, CMemnla, -6, -u; adv. CMeniHO 1. funny. CMemnoH paccKaa. A fun- ny story. 2. ridiculous. On 6hji CMemon. He was ridiculous. 3. predic. impers. (it is) funny. Mee CMeniHO. It makes me laugh. CMEIIlTbCH, -K)Cb, -embCH, -iotch imp. HaflKCM? naff hgm? to laugh Bee rpoMKO CMeaJincb. Everybody laughed loudly. H cmchjich Ha;^ CJio- BaMH 6paTa. / laughed at my broth- er's words. CMOTP^Tb, CMOxpio, CMOTpnnib, cm6t- pHT imp. qxo? or na KoroPna H T 6? BO H T 6? / /). nocMOTpeTb, nOCMOTpK), nOCMOipHUIb, nOCM6TpHT 1. to look. GMOTpexb na TOBapnma. To look at a friend. GMOTp^Tb B OKHO. To look out of the win- dow. 2. to see. CMOxpeib $HJibM. To see a film. GMOxpeTb cneKX^KJib. To see a performance. 3. only imper. to look out. GMOxpn- (xe), He ono3aaH(xe)l Look out, don't you be late! •0- CMOTpexb CBbicoKa na Koro-jiA- 6o. To look down on somebody. CMOTpexb cKBOSb Hajibi^bi (na ht6- jih6o). To close one's eyes (to some- thing). CMOHb see MO^b CMYTflTbCH see (MYU\kThCR CMymAlTbCH, -Focb, -embCH, -roxcH imp. /p. CMylxjHXbCH, -mycb, -XHUib- CH, -xflxcfl to be embarrassed Oh B;;pyr oneHb CMyxHJicH, noKpac- HeJi. He was suddenly quite embar- rassed and flushed. CMblCJI m., no pi. meaning, sense noHHXb CMMCJi co5mxhh. To under- stand^ the meaning of events. B nojiHOM CMucjie cjiosa. In the true sense of the word. B np^MOM (ne- peHOCHOM) CMMCJie. In the literal (figurative) sense. B axoM Hex CMHCJia. There's no sense in that. Hex CMWcJia h^xh xy;^a. There is no sense in going there. CHAHAJIA adv. 1. at first. GHa^aJia h c xpyfl6M noHHxMaJi pyccKyio penb. At first I understood spoken Russian with difficulty. 2. from the beginning. IToBxopHxe CHa^aJia. Repeat from the he- ginning. Hnxanxe cnanaJia! Read from the beginning! CHEF m., prepos. o cnere & b, na cnery snow GHJibHHH CHer. Heavy snow. Kpy- roM Bce B cnery. All around is covered with snow. Ha cnery 6ujni BHAHM cjieflu 3BepeH. There were tracks of animals on the snow. Hjsj&T CHer. It is snowing. HaSt CHJibHHfi CHer. It is snowing hard. CHflSy adv. o X K y A a? from below GMOxpexb CHHsy Bsepx. To look upward. CHHMA|Tb, -TO, -emb, -lox imp. ko- r 6? H X 0?/p. CHHXb, CHHMy, CHH- Merab, cHHMyx, past chhji, -a, CHHJllO, -H 1. to take (from). GfTflXb KHnry c noJiKH. To take a book from the shelf. GHHXb najibxo c BemaJiKH. To take one's coat from the peg. 2. to take off. GnflXb manny. CHO 133 COB nepHaTKH, Cotkhkh. To take off one's hat, gloves, boots. 3. to shoot. ChHTB KHHO$HJIbM. To shoot a film. CHObA adv. again CnoBa npHmJia 3HMa. Winter came again. CHHTb see CHHMATb COBAKA / dog COBHPA|Tb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. ko- to? mo? / p. co6paTb, co6ep|y, -emb, -yx, past coSpaJi, co6pajia, co6paJiIo, -H 1. to collect. Co6paTb Bemn b ;i;o- pory. To collect one's things for a journey. Co6paTb jnoAeii. To assemble people. 2. to gather. CoSpaxb ypojKaii. To gather in the crop. 3. imp. to collect, CoSnpaTb KHHiH, MapKH. To Collect books, stamps. GoSpaib KOJUieKUiiio, 6H6JiH0TeKy. To make a collec- tion, a library. 4. to put together. CoCpaxb Moxop, MamHHy. To put together an engine, a machine. COBHPAlTtCH, -locb, -embCH. -ioxch imp. I p. co6paxbCH, co6ep|ycb, -erabcfl, -yxcH, past co6pIajica, -ajiacb, -Jiocb, -jiHCb 1. to gather. y^acxHiiKH KOH$e- peHn,HH co6paJiHCb b saJie. Those taking part in the conference gathered in the hall. CoSnpaiox- CH xyHH. Clouds are gathering. 2. to decide, to intend. Mh co- 6pajiHCb noHXH na BbicxaBKy. We decided to go to the exhibition. COBPAHHE neut. 1. meeting. TopHtecxBennoe co6pa- HHe. A ceremonial meeting. Ha- th Ha co6paHHe. To go to a meeting. HpHcyxcxBOBaxb na co6paHHH. To be present at a meeting. CoSpaHne coctohxch bo BxopHHK. The meeting takes place on Tuesday. 2. collection. Go6paHHe coHHHeHHH. A collection of works. COBPATB see COBHPATB COBPATBCH see COBMPATBCH COBCTBEHHOCTB /., no pi. property rocyAapcxBCHHafl codcxBeHHOcxb. State property. Hacxnan coCcxBen- Hocxb. Private property. JiHHHaH coScxBCHHOCXb. Personal property. G66cxBeHHOCXb Ha scmjik). Owner- ship of land. COBCTBEHHIblfl, -an, oe, -ho 1. own. C66cTBeHHHH AOM. One's own house. 2. self-. HyBCXBO coScxBCHHoro ao- cxoHHCXBa. Self-respect. COBb'ITHE neut. event HcxopH^ecKoe coCmxhc. An histor- ic event. MejKAynapoAHoe coShxhg. An international event. B MHpe npo- HCXOAHX BaJKHLie co6hthh. Impor- tant events are taking place in the world. COBEPmAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. Hxo?//?. coBepmlHxb, -y, -nmb, -ax to perform, to accomplish GoBepmnxb noABnr. To accomplish a feat. GoBepmnxb nyxemecxBHe. To make a journey. CoBcpmnxb noesAKy no cxpane. To tour a coun- try. GoBepmnxb npecxynjieHHO. To commit a crime. COBEPmflTb see COBEPlHATb COBECTb /., no pi. conscience HHCxaH coBecxb. A clear conscience. ^^ Ho coBecTu roBopfl. Honestly (speaking). COBET^ m. advice Oxen; a^Ji coBex CHny. The father gave his son a piece of advice. L(eH- HLiH coBex. Valuable advice. Bjiaro- Aapaxb 3a coBex. To thank for ad- vice. OSpaxHXbCH aa coBexoM k cne- n,HaJiHCxy. To turn to a specialist for advice. En He HyjKHbi Bamn co- Bexbil She doesn't need your advice/ C0BET2 m. council, Soviet BepxoBHHU GoBex CGCP. The Su- preme Soviet of the USSB. CoBex MHHHCxpoB.T/ie Council of Ministers. COBET|OBATb, -yio, -yemb, -yiOT imp. K 0 M y? + i^f- I P- nocoBe- x|0Baxb, -yio, -yemb.'-yiox to advise GoBexyio BaM npo^Hxaxb axy khh- ry. / advise you to read this book. COBETIOBATbCH, -yiocb, -yembca, -yioxcH imp. c KeM?/p. nocoBe- xIoBaxbCF, -yiocb, -yembCH, -yioxcH to ask advice GOBeXOBaXbCH c pOAHTeJIHMH. To ask advice from one's parents. COBETCKIHtt, -an, -oe, -ne 1. Soviet. GoBexcKaa BJiacxb. Soviet power. CoBexcKoe npaBHxeJibCXBO. COB 134 C03 The Soviet Government. Co- BexcKHH CoK)3. The Soviet Union. 2. Soviet. GoBexcKHe aaBOflU. Soviet plants. GoBexcKHe cneii;HaJiHC- Tti. Soviet specialists. GoBex- CKafl HayKB. Soviet science. COBEII^AHHE neut. conference GoBemaene rjiaB npaBHxejiBcxB. A conference of the heads of States. y^acxBOBaxb b coBemaeHH. To take part in a conference. IIpHcyxcxBO- BaxB ua coBentaHHH. To be present at a conference. COBPATb see BPATb COBPEMEHHlblfl, -an, -oe, -He mod- ern CoBpeMeHHoe ncKyccxBO. Modern art. GoBpeMeHHaa xexHHKa. Mod- ern technology. GoBpeMeHHEin npo- MwmjiGHHHH ropoA- A modern in- dustrial city. COBCEM adv. 1. quite. Oh cobcgm MaJieHLKHH. He is quite small. 2. in negative constructions not at all. Th cobcgm He yMeenib njiasaxb. You cannot swim at all. C0BX03 m. state farm HepeAOBOH coBxoa. A foremost state- farm. /^HpeKxop coBxoaa. The director of a state farm. COrJiACEH, corjiacH|a, -o, -h short adj. 1. na ^x6? ready, fl corjiacen exaxb BMecxe. / am ready to go with you. Oh corJiacen na Bce. He is ready for anything. 2. c K e M? c H e M? agreeable, fl corJiacen c BaMH. / agree with you. Mh He corjiacHu c xbohm MHOHHeM. We don't agree with your opinion. H corjiacna. / agree. COrjIACflTbCH see COrJIAfflAXbC/I COrJlAinA|TbCfl, -locb, -embcfl, -roxcH imp. c KeM? c hom? &-}- inf./ p. corJialCHXbCfl, -raycb, -cnmbCH, -CflXCfl 1. to agree. Oh corJiaciiJiCH bu- noJiHHXb 3xy pa66xy. He agreed to do that work. 2. to agree. GorJiacHXbCH c xoBa- pnmeM. To agree with a friend. GorjiacHXbCH c upejiJiomeBUQM. To agree to a proposal, fl corjiacHjicfl c xeM, hxo oh cKasaJi MHe. / agreed with what he told me. COrJIAIIIEHHE neut. agreement ToproBoe corJiameHHe. A trade agreement. 3aKJiK)qHXb corjiaraeHHe c ApyrHMH cxpanaMH. To conclude an agreement with other countries. «^ IIpQUTH K corjiameHHio. To come to an agreement. COrPETb see TPETb CO/HEPHCAHHE neut., no pi. contents PaccKaaaxb coAep?KaHHe KHnrn. To tell the contents of a book. COEAHHaXb see COEAHHflTb COE J^HHfi[TbCfl see COEAHHUTbCH COEAHHUlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. Hxo? c TCM?//?. coeAHH|iixb, -i6, -limfe -fix 1. to connect, to link. Goe;^HHHXb ABa ropo^a HteJieanoH floporoH. To connect two cities by a rail- way. 2. to combine. Goe^HHtixb xeopHio c npaKXHKOH. To combine theo- ry with practice. COEAHHIIlTbCfl, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -excH, -loxcfl imp. I p. coeAHH|iixbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -hxch, -HXCH to join together, to unite ApMHH coeAHHHJiHCb Ha paccsexB. The armies joined together at dawn. HpoJiexapHH Bcex cxpan, cogah- HHHxecb! Workers of the world, unite! C03Ji;A|BATb, -K), -emb, -rox imp. n X o?/p. coa^axb, cosAaM, cosAamb, C03Aacx, C03AaAHM, co3AaAHTe, co- 3AaAyT, past coaAaJi, co3AaJia, c6- 8AaJi|o, -n to create Co3Aaxb HOByio xeopHFO. To create a new theory. Co3Aaxb xoporane ycJiOBHH jj,Jifi pa66xH[. To provide good conditions for work. C03/^AIBATbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -excfl, -loxcfl imp. / p. co3AaxbCfl, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. C03AacxcH, co3Aa- Ayxcfl to be created Go3Aai6xcH HOBbie njiaHH. New plans are created. Go3AaJi6cb cepbea- Hoe noJiOHtCHHe. A serious situa- tion has been created. C03J^ATb see C03AABATb COS^ATbCH see C03^ABATbCH €03 135 COP C03HAHHE neut. 1. consciousness. noTepaxb coana- HHe. To lose consciousness. Bhtl 6e3 cosnaHHH. To be unconscious. 2. philos. consciousness. Bhthc onpeAeJiaex cosHaHne. Being determines consciousness. 3. understanding, sense. GosHaHHe AOJira. Sense of duty. C03HATEJIbH|blfl, -an, -oe, -He; adv. cosHaxejibHo 1. conscientious. CosHaiejibHoe ot- HonieHHe k paSoxe. A conscientious attitude to one's work. Goana- xejibHHH qejiOBeK. A conscien- tious person. 2. deliberate. Oh CAeJiaji axo co- 3HaxejibHo. He did it deliberate- ly- COflTia see CXOJSj/lTh^ COflxnCb see CXOJSfiJhCH COJIJ^AT m., gen. pi. cojiAax soldier CMeJiHH cojiflax. A courageous sol- dier. OxpH;^ cojTAax. A detachment of soldiers. COJlEHIblfl, -an, -oe, -He 1. salt. CojieuHH cyn. Salt soup. 2. salted. Cojienbie orypuH. Salted cucumbers. COJinaAPHOCTb /., only sing, soli- darity CojiHflapHOCXb xpyAflni;HXCH Bcex cxpau. Solidarity of the workers of the world. COJIHEHHlMfl, -an, oe, -ne 1. sun, solar. CoJiHe^HHH CBex. Sunlight. ConneHHaH cncxeMa. The solar system. GoJineqHoe aaxMenne. An eclipse of the sun. 2. sunny. CoJiHennHH A^Hb. A sun- ny day. COJlHUjE [coH^e] neut. 1. Sun. Ox BcMJiH jio CojiHua CXO HHXbAeCHX MHJIJIHOHOB KHJIO- MexpoB. It's 150 million kilome- tres from the Earth to the Sun. 2. sun. GojiHue CBexnx apKO. The sun is shining brightly. 3. sun. JleJKaxb na cojiHue. To lie in the sun. COJIB /. 1. only sing. salt. Xjie5 c coJibio. Bread and salt. 2. salt. GoJiH KaJibUHH. Calcium salts. ^ Xjie6-C0Jib. Bread and sa\t (symbol of hosj)itality). Bcxpe- qaxfa xjieSoM-cojibH). To welcome somebody with bread and salt. B HeM 3Aecb cojib? What's the point? COMHEBA|TbCH, -locb, -embCH, -roxcH imp. B K 0 M? B H e M? to doubt GoMHeBaxbCH b ycnexe. To doubt one's success. He coMHCBaxbCH b fl;pyre. Not to doubt one's friend. Mh He coMHeBaeMCH, hxo bh bhhoji- HHxe 3xy 3a;^aqy. We have no doubt that you will carry out this task. COH m., gen. cna 1. only sing, sleep. Oh cnnx Kpen- khm chom. He is fast asleep. Oh yjiH5aJiCH bo one. He smiled in his sleep. 2. dream. H BHfl;eji bo one cBoero xoBapH^^a. / dreamt of my friend. Euy cnnjiHCb xopomHe chh. He had pleasant dreams. COOBmAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. H X 0? K O M y? O K 6 M? O ^eM?//>. coo6ni;|HXb, -y, -limb, -ax to report G006ffliHXb HOBOCXH ;^py3bHM. To tell the news to one's friends. Tase- XH coo6n;aK)x o6 ycnemnoM bhhoji- HeuHH njiana. The newspapers re- port the successful fulfilment of the plan. Ho paAHO coo6m,iijiH, hxo HainH cnopxcMCHH Bbicxynnjin yc- nemno. The radio reported that our sportsmen had achieved good suc- COOBmEHHE neut. 1. announcement, communication BaJKHoe cooSmenne. An impor- tant announcement (communica- tion). ^eJiaxb cooCmenne. To make an announcement. 2. communication. ITyxn coo6n^e- HHH. Ways of communication. IIpHMoe coo6n;eHHe. A through service. COOBmflTb see COOBmAXb COnPOTHBJIEHHE neut., no pi. resist- ance 0Ka3axb conpoxEBjienne npoxHB- HHKy. To offer resistance to the enemy. COPEBHOBAHHE neut., no pi. 1. emulation. 2. competition. GnopxHBHHe copeB- HOBaHHH. Sports competition. COP 136 coq CopeBHOBaHHH no jiHH«aM. Skiing competition. VHacTBOBaTL b co- peBHOBaHHHX. To take part in a competition. COPEBHIOBATBCH, -yrocB, -yemb- Cfl, -yiOTCH imp. c k e m? c q e m? to emulate, to compete Ham saBofl copeBHyeicH c coce^- HHM npe^npHHTHeM. Our plant com- petes with a nearby enterprise. COCE/^ m., pi. -H, -en neighbour J^pyH{HHe coceAH. Friendly neigh- bours. COCEJ^HIHfl, -HH, -ee, -ne neigh- bouring, adjoining CoceAHHH KOMHaxa. An adjoining room. CoceflHHe j^epeBHH. Neigh- bouring villages. COCHA /., pi. cocHW, cocen pine-tree BwcoKaH cocea. A tall pine-tree. <> 3a6jiyAHTbCH b xpex cocHax (proverb). Cf. To lose one's way in broad daylight. COCTAB m. composition CocxaB KOMaH;;u. The composition of a team. <> J^eJierai^HH b cocTaae dhth qejiOBCK. A five-member delegation. COCTABHTb see COCTABJiHTb COCTAB JlUlTb, -K), -emt, -k)t imp. VlT 07 / p. COCTalBHTb, -BJIH), -BHmb, -BHT 1. to make (up). CocxaBHTb enncoK yqaCTHHKOB. To make a list of participants. CocTaBHTb Kaxajior KHHr. To make a book cata- logue. 2. to form. CocxaBHXb onpe^eJieH- Hoe MHCHHe. To form a definite opinion. <> CocxaBHTb KOMnaHHIO KOMy-Jlfl- 6o (colloq.). To keep somebody com- pany COCTOHHHE neut., no pi. 1. condition. SKonoMimecKoe cocxo- HHHe cxpanu. The economic situation in a country. BojibHOH B XHJKCJiOM cocxOHHHH. The pa- tient is in a critical condition. GocxoflHHe ^eji. The state of af- fairs. 2. fortune. Kpynnoe cocxoAHHe, A large fortune. ^ H He B cocTOHHHH npo^ojiHcaTb pasroBop. / am unable to con- tinue our conversation. COCTOlHTb, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -hx, -ax imp. 1. H 3 K o r 6? H 3 H e r 6? to con- sist. OpneCTp COCXOHX H3 H3- BecxHHX MysHKanxoB. The or- chestra consists of well-known musicians. 2. B HCM? to consist in. SaAaqa COCXOHX B XOM, hx66h 6wcxpo OBJia^exb nepe^oBUMH Mexo^aMH. The task is to quickly master progressive methods. COCTOlHTbCa, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -hxch, -hxch p. to take place CoSpaHHe cocxoHJiocb b sajie. The meeting took place in the hall. JleK- n,Hfl He COCXOHXCH H3-3a 6oJie3HH JieKxopa. The lecture will not take plac^ owing to the lecturer's illness. COCymECTBOBAHHE neut., no pi. co-existence MiipHoe cocy^^ecxBOBaHHe. Peace- ful co-existence. COCHHTATb see C^HXATb, 1 C0T|HH /., gen. pi. -en hundred CoxHH JiiOACH npnmJiH na njio- n5aAb. Hundreds of people came to the square. Tpn coxhh py6;ieH. Three hundred roubles. COXPAHflTbCH see COXPAHHTbCH COXPAHHlTbCfl, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -exCH, -ioxch imp.f p. coxpanlnxbCfl, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -hxch, -hxch 1. to be preserved. Cxapan Kapxii- Ha xopomo coxpannjiacb. The old picture was well preserved. H6jiokh xopomo coxpannjiHCb b HffliHKe. The apples had kept well in the box. 2. to survive. HeKOxopwe cxapwe o6HqaH coxpaniijiHCb ^o nanrax AHCH. Some old customs have survived up to our time. C0l|HAJlfl3M m., no pi. socialism CO^HAJlHCTfiHECK|Hfl, -an,] -oe, -He 1. socialist. CoiinajiHCXH^ecKaH pe- BOJiK>n;HH. The socialist revolu- tion. Coi^HajiHCXHHecKHe cxpaHH. The socialist countries. 2. socialist. ConinajiHcxHiecKoe ox- HomeHHe k xpy^y. A socialist at- titude to work. COI^ 137 cno COIi;HAJIBH|blfl, -an, -oe, -He 1. social. Coi^HajibHoe nojioweHHe. Social status. 2. social. Coi^HaJiBHan peB0Jii6i;HH. A social revolution. CoanaJitHHe ped[)6pMH. Social reforms. COHHHEHHE neut. 1. work. EoJiHoe coSpanne co^h- HGHHH A. G. EyniKHHa. The complete works of A. S. Pushkin. 2. composition. CoHnneHHe o TBop- HecTse IlymKHHa. A composi- tion on Pushkin's works. HanH- caTfc co^HHeHHG Ha AaHHyio TBMy. To write a composition on a given subject. COI03 m. 1. union. Coiob paConnx h Kpec- TbHH. The union of workers and peasants. 2. alliance. BoennHH coioa. A mili- tary alliance. 3. union. G0163 CoBexcKHX CoijHa- JiHCTHHecKHX Pecny6jiHK. The Union of Soviet Socialist Re- publics. 4. union. IIpo^eccHOHajiBHHH cok)3. A trade union. CnAjIjbHH /., gen. pi. -en bedroom CnACA|Tb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. ko- to? HTO? OT Koro? OT Hcro? or KOMy? HTO?/jD. cnaclTH, -y, -emb, -yx, past cnac, -Jia, -J16, -jih to save Bpaq cnac JKHSHb SojibHOMy. The doctor saved the patient's life. CnACAlTbCH, -locb, -embCH, -iotch imp. OT Koro? or Her 6?/ p. cnac|THCb, -ycb, -embca, -yxcH, past cnac|cH, -Jiacb, -jiocb, -jincb to save oneself, to escape JlexqHK e^Ba cnaccH ot CMepxH. The flyer barely escaped death. JKniejiH cnacajiHCb ot sparoB b Jie- cy. The inhabitants fled from the enemy to the forest. CHACflBO thank you CoacnSo 3a nncbMO. Thank you for the letter. CnacH6o 3a coseT. Thank you for your advice. BoJibmoe cna- ch6oI Thank you very much indeed! CHACTfl see CHACAXb CHACTfiCb see CHACATbCH CIIATb, cnJiK), cnnmb, cuht, past cnaji, -a, cnan|o, -h imp. to sleep CnaTb BCK) HO^b. To sleep the whole night. KpeuKO cnaTb. To sleep soundly. <> Oh cnaji, KaK y5HTbiH. He slept like a log. CHEKTAKJIb m. show HnxepecHWH cneKTaKJib. An inter- estXng show. TejieBHSHOHHHH cneK- TaKJib. A television show. CneK- TaKJib BoJibmoro TeaTpa. A Bolshoi Theatre show. ITpHcyTCTBOBaTb na cneKTaKJie. To be present at a show. CHETb see HETb CnEIi;HAJIbHOCTb /. profession, speciality HyjKHaa cnennaJibHOCTb. A neces- sary profession. PejiKaa cnennajib- HOCTb. A rare profession. On no- cnemnajibHOCTH unyKenep. He is an engineer by profession. CHEUiHAjIbHiblfl, -an, -oe,-ue;adv. cnennaJibHO 1. special. CnennaJibHaH oji,emjia. Special clothes. 2. professional. CnennaJibnoe 06- pa30BaHHe. Professional training. 3. special. Oh c;i;ejiaJi aio cue- i;HaJibHO AJiH MeHH. He did that specially for me. CIIEiniflTb, -y, -Hmb, -aT imp. k y a a> & + inf. 1. to hurry. CnemHTb j^OMon. To- hurry home. On cnemiiJi nanii- caTb poAHTejiflM 0 cBOHx BnenaT- JieHHHx. He was in a hurry to- write to his parents about his impressions. 2. to gain, to be fast, ^acbi cne- maT na 5 Mnnyx. The clock is^ 5 minutes fast. CIIHHA /., ace. cmrny; pi. cnMHM back JlejKaTb na cnnne. To lie on one's^ back. Oh ctohji cnnnoH k HaM. He stood with his back to us. y;].ap b cnnny. A stab in the back. CnflClOK m., gen. -Ka list Chhcok y^eHUKOB. A list of the pupils. GocTaBHTb CHHCOK. To make a list. CnflqiKA f., gen. pi. -en match SaJKGHb cHH^Ky. To light a match. Kop66Ka CHHHeK. A box of mat- Cn0K(3flH|bin, -aH, -oe, -He, short form CHOKoen, cnoKOHHla, -o, -h; adv. CHOKOHHO 1. quiet. CnoKOHHafl peKa. A quiet cno 138 CPA river. GTOflXb chokohho. To stand quietly. Ghahtg cookohho! Sit still/ 2. serene, tranquil. CnoKOHnaH yjinSKa. A serene smile. Gno- KOHHafl 5KH3HI.. A quiet life. CnoKOHHHH HeJiOBeK. A calm person. GnoKOHHHH xapaKiep. An even temper. <> CnoKOUHOii Hoqa! Good night/ CnOP|HTb, -K), -Hmb, -HT imp. o KOM? O HGM? C KeU? / p. UO- CnOplHTb, -K), -HinB, -HT to afguc GnopHTb c TOBapnn^eM o KHitre. To have an argument with a friend about a book. CnOPT m., no pi. sport JIhjkhuh cnopx. Skiing. Bmjxa. cnopTa. Kinds of sport. SannMaxb- CH cnopxoM. To go in for sport. CnOPTflBHILlH, -an, -oe, -He sports CnopxHBHaH njioma^Ka. A sports ground. GnopxHBHbiH kocxiom. A sports costume. GnopxHBHbie copeB- HOBaHHH. Sports competitions. CnOCOB m. way, method Gn6co6 npnroxoBJieHHH jieKapcxBa. The method of making up a medicine. HaHj^Hxe KaK6u-HJi6yjih cnocoS BcxpexHXbCH c HHM. Find a way of meeting him. CnOCOBHOCTb /. K ^eMy? 1. ability. IlocJie panenHH oh no- xepHJi cnocoSnocxb jjEPiraxbCH. After being wounded he lost t/ie ability to move. 2. usu. pi. aptitude. Y nero 6oJib- miie chocoShocxh k MaxeMaxHKe. He has a great aptitude for mathematics . CnOCOBHILIfl, -an, -oe, -He capable CoocoShhh lOHOina. A capable youth. CnPABA adv. {cf. HAHPABO, 2) on (to) the right MoH cxyji cxoHx cnpaBa. My chair is on the right. CnpaBa ox jioua. HaxoAHXCH KHHOxeaxp. To the right of the house is a cinema. CnPABEAJIfiBlLlfl, -an, -oe, He, short form cnpaBejjJiHB, -a, -o, -h; adv. cnpaBe;^jiHBO just GnpaBe/lJiHBHH nejiOBeK. A just person. CnpaBe^JinBoe pemenHe. A just decision. Ilocxynaxb cnpaBe;^- JiHBO. To act justly. CnPAfflHBAITb, -K), -emb, -k)t imp. Koro? 0 KOM? 0 He m?/ p. cnpocHXb, cnpomy, cnpocnmb, cnpocHX to ask y^Hxejib cnpocHJi yqennKa. The teacher asked a pupil, CnpamnBaxb o s^opoBbe. To ask after somebody's health. CnPOCflTb see CnPAmHBATb CnPHTATb see HPHTATb CnPHTATbCH see HPHTATbCH CnyCKA|TbCH, -locb, -embCH, -k)xch im,p. Ky^a? oxKy^a?/ p. cnyc- xHTbCH, cnymycb, cnycxHmbcn, cnycxHxcH to descend CnycxHXbCH c ropn. To descend from the mountain. CnycxHXbCH no jiecxHHue c xpexbero axaJKa na nep- BHH. To go downstairs from the secoftd floor to the ground floor. GnycKaxbCH na JiH(|)xe. To go down in the lift. CnyCTflTbCil see CnYCKATbCH CnyXHHK m. 1. companion, fellow-traveller. Moh cnyxHHK 6hji BpanoM. My com- panion was a doctor. 2. satellite. Jlyna — cnyxnnK 3eM- JiH. The Moon is the Earth's sat- ellite. HcKyccxBeHHHH cnyxHHK. An artificial satellite. Sanycxnxb cnyxHHK. To launch a satellite. Ehbccxh cnyxHHK na opGnxy. To put a satellite in orbit. Ha- 6Jii0AeHHe 3a cnyxHHKOM. Track- ing a satellite. CPABHEHHE neut. 1. comparing. CpaBHenne flByx HBJieHHH, flByx JiK);teH. Compar- ing two phenomena y two people. 2. simile. Jlnxepaxypnoe cpaBne- nne. A simile. <> Ho cpaBHeHHio... c KeM? c HeM? Compared with.,. Ho cpas- HeHOIO C TCM, qTO fl BH^eJI paHbme, ropoj]^ oqeeb naMeHHJiCH. Compared with what I saw before, the city has changed a lot. CPABHHBA|Tb, -ro, -emb, -rox imp. Koro? qTO?cKeM?CHeM?/ p. CpaBH|HXb, -K), -Hmb, -HT 1. to compare. CpaBHHXb itn^pH. To compare figures. CpaBHHXb flBa HBJieHHH. To compare two phenomena . CPA 139 CTA 2. to compare. CpasHHTb noBepx- HOCTb BOJXU C aepKBJIOM. To compare the surface of the water to a mirror. CPABHflTb see CPABHHBATb CPAsy adv. immediately Oh cpaay noHHJi. He understood immediately. Mh ymjiH cpasy no- cjie o6ejs,8L. We left immediately af- ter dinner. CPEj^A^M pl- cpe^Bi, cpen, cpe;taM, etc. 1. medium. BosAymnaH cpe^a. Air medium. 2. only sing, surroundings. OKpy- JKaK)I^aflcpeJ^a. Surroundings. Oh BocHHTLiBaJicH B paSoHeH cpe;te. He was brought up in work- ing-class surroundings. CPEAA2 /., ace. cpefly; pl. cpeflH, cpeA, cpe^aM, etc. Wednesday Cer6;^HH cpe^a. Today is Wednes- day. JleKDiHH HHTaiOTCfl HO cpeAaM. Lectures are delivered on Wednes- days. B cpe^y npHJieTHT nama cnopxHBHafl flejierauHH. Our sports delegation arrives on Wednesday. CFE^Vi. prep. -\- gen. 1. in the middle of. ^om ctohji cpefl;H Jieca. The house was in the middle of the forest. Cpeji;H HOHH paB^ajiCfl 3boh6k. A bell rang in the middle of the night. 2. among. CpeAH CTy/neHiOB 6hji MOH flpyr. Among the students was my friend. PaSoxa cpe^H MOJio^ejKH. Work among youth. CP£AH|Hfl, -Hfl, -ee, -ho 1. middle. Gpej^nee okho. The mid- dle window. 2. medium. ^eJioseK cpeAuero poc- xa. A person of medium height. 3. fig. average. Cpe/^nne cnoc66- HOCXH. Average abilities. <> CpeAHHH mKOJia.^ Secondary school. nojiy^HTb cpe^Hee o5pa- soBaHHe. To get secondary edu- >cation. Gpe^Hne BSKa. The Mid- dle Ages. CPEACTBO neut. 1. means. GpeflcxBa nponsBOACXBa. The means of production. Gpejt- cTBa nepeji;BHjKeHHfl. Means of transportation. 2. method; remedy. HoBHe cpe^- cxBa jie^eHHH Sojicshh. New methods of treating a disease. 3x0 e;^HHCXBeHHoe cpe;^cxBol This is the only remedy! CPOK m. time G^ejiaxb pa66xy b cpOK. To do the work in time. Bee cpoKH npomjin. All time limits have passed. CPOHHIblH, -an, -oe, -tie; adv. cpoq- HO urgent GpoHHoe coo6n];eHHe. An urgent communication. Yexaxb no cpoHHO- My AGJiy- To go away on urgent business. GpoHHO yexaxb. To leave at once. Gpo^Haa xejierpaMMa. An urgent telegram. CCOPIHTbCH, -locb, -nmbCH, -hxch imp. C KBM? / p. noccoplHXbCH, -locb, -nmbcfl, -HXCH to quarrel He HaAO ccdpnxbCH. You shouldn't quarrel. IIoccopHXbCH c xoBapnmeM. To quarrel with a friend. CTA|BHTb, -BJiK), -BHmb, -bhx imp. Koro? Hxo? Kyjia? /p. nocxal- BHXb, -BJIK), -BHmb, -BHX 1. to put. GxaBHXb cxaKan na cxoji. To put a glass on the table. Ho- cxaBHXb uBexu b BOjiy. To put flowers in water. IIocxaBHXb khh- rn Ha Mecxo. To put the books in their place. 2. to give. GxaBHXb oxMexny. To give a mark. 3. to make. GxaBHxb ohmxh. To make experiments. 4. to set. IIocxaBHXb saAany nepej^ KOJiJiCKXHBOM. To set a task be- fore a collective. 5. to stage. GxaBHXb nbecy. To stage a play. <^ IIocTaBHTb peKopA- To set up a record. CxaBHTb p,MarH03. To diagnose. CxaBHTb ycjiOBiia ko- My-JiH6o. To lay down terms to somebody. IIocTaBHTb Kor6-JiH5o B TpyflHoe nojiOH«eHiie. To place somebody in an embarrassing situ- ation. CTAJJHOH m. stadium HoBHH cxa^HOH. A new stadium, GopeBHOBaHHH cocxoaxcH Ha cxa- AHOHe. The competition will take place at the stadium. CTAKAH m. glass HncxbiH cxaKaH. A clean glass. Gxa- Kan MOJiOKa. A glass of milk. CTA Jib /. steel Rom H3 cxaJiH. A knife made of CTA 140 CTH steel. BapHTb ciaJib. To found steel. CTAJlbHlOfl, -an, -6e, -ue 1. steel. CTaJibHOH nom. A steel knife. 2. steel(y). CiaJifcHOH i;BeT. Steel colour. 3. fig-: CTajiBHan bojih. Cf. An iron will. CTAHOBflTbCfl, cxaHOBJiiocb, ciaHo- BHnibCH, CXaHOBHTCfl imp. KCM? K a K li M? / p. cxalTb, -ny, -nemb, -Hyx 1. to stand. Cxaxb y ABepen, cxaxb K ;;BepflM, cxaxb k cxanKy. To stand at the entrance, to take up a position near the door, to take one's place at the lathe. 2. only p. to stop. Hacw cxaJiH. The clock has stopped. 3. to become. Oh cxaji HnmenepoM. He became an engineer. Ilorona craHOBHjiacb xojioahoh . The weather was getting cold. CxaJio xeMHO. It became dark. 4. only p. 4- inf. to start. Mh cxa- JiH nexb. We started singing. 5. only p. to become (of). Hxo c hhm cxaJio noxoM? What became of him afterwards? <> Bo qxo 6bi TO HH cxajio. By all means. CTAH|OK m., gen. -Ka machine-tool, lathe ToKapHHH cxanoK. A lathe. Pa66- xaxb Ha HOBOM cxaHKe. To work at a new machine-tool. CTAHI^Hfl /. 1. station. Cxani^Hfl Mexpo. An underground station. >KAciTb na cxaHHHH. To wait at a station. 2. exchange. Tejie^oHuafl cxanr^HH A telephone exchange. CTAPAjTbCH, -K)cb, -embCfl, -ioxch imp. -{-inf./ p. nocxapa|xbCH, -locb, -embCH, -IOXCH 1. to try. y Hero ne Bcer^a Bce xopomo noJiy^aexcH, xoxh oh OHCHb exapaexcH. He doesn't always succeed in everything, though he tries hard. 2. to try. Oh cxapaJicn bheojihexb pa66xy b cpoK. He tried to do the work in time. CTAPflK m., gen. -a old man CTAPOCTb /., no pi. old age FJiyGoKaH cxapocxb. Extreme old age. B cxapocxH. In one's old age. B cxapocxH OH cxaji hjioxo cjih- maxb. -4s he grew old, his hearing became poor. CTAPyXA /. old woman CTAPffllHfl, -an, -ee, -ne 1. elder, eldest. Moh cxapman ce- cxpa — BpaH. My elder (eldest) sister is a doctor. Y hhx xpa cwna. CxapmHH paSoxaex na aa- Bo^e, cpeflHHH yqnxcH b mKO- Jie, a MJiaAHiHH xo^hx b jibt- CKHH caA. They have three sons. The eldest works at a plant, the middle one goes to school and the youngest goes to the kindergarten, 2. senior. Cxapmufi HayHHwii co- xpyflHHK. A senior research asso- 4tiate. CTAPjblfl, -an, -oe, -He, short form cxap, cxapa, cxapjo, -li 1. old. CxapuH tiejioBCK. An old person. Osa oqenb cxapa. She is very old. Cxapoe ^epeBO. An old tree. 2. old. Cxapoe najibxo. An old overcoat . 3. old. CxapuH jipyr. ylw oZd friend. 4. old. CxapuH oSwHaH. An old custom . CTATb see CTAHOBflTbCfl CTAT|b}l /., gen. pi. -en article FaaexHaH cxaxbrf. A newspaper ar- ticle. HanHcaxb cxaxbio. To write an article. CTEKJIO neut., pi. cxeKJia, cxeKOJi. cxeKJiaM, etc. 1. glass. npoapa^Hoe ctckjio. Trans- parent glass. 2. pane. Pa36Hxb cxckjio b okhb. To break a window-pane. CTEKJiHHHIblfl, -an, -oe, -we glass CxeKJiHHHaH flBepb. A glass door. CTEHA /., ace. cxeHy, pi. cxenu^ cxcH, cxenaM, etc. wall CTEPETb see CTHPAXbi CTHPA|Tbi, -K). -emb, -lox imp. Hxo? H e M? / j5). cxepexb, coxp|y^ -erab, -yx, past cxep, -Jia, -Jio, -jih to wipe off, to rub off, to erase CxHpaxb xprinKOH c flocKi'r. To clean the blackboard with a duster. Cxepexb nujib co cxojia. To dust the table. Cxepexb HanifcaHHoe. To erase what has been written. CTH 141 CTP <> CxepeTb c aaqa aeMjiH ito-jih- 60. To raze something to the ground . CTHPAlTb'', -K), -emb, -iot, imp. HTO? n&VL>lp. BMCTHpa|Tb, -K), -emb, -K)T to wash BHCTHpaTb 6ejibe. To wash the lin- en. PyKaMH cTHpaxb xpyjiHO. IV s difficult to do the washing by hand. CTHXfl pi. poetry Gthxh nyniKHHa. Pushkin's poetry. C56pHHK CTHXOB. A Collection of poetry. YnHTb cthxh HanaycTb. To learn poetry by heart. CTHXOTBOPEHHE neut. poem CTHXOTBOpeHHe MaHKOBCKOrO. A poem by Mayakovsky. JlnpHHecKoe CTHXOTBOpeHHe. A lyrical poem. CTOlHTb, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -ht, -ht imp. 1. to cost. Kmira ctoht 5 pyGjiefl. The book costs 5 roubles. BnjieT ctoht jjp'poTO. The ticket is ex- pensive. 2. impers. is worth. He ctoht mchh 6jiaroAapHTb . There's nothing to thank me for. 3to ctoht hocmo- TpeTb! It is worth seeing! «0» Hrpa He ctoht cBei (proverb). The game is not worth the candle. CTOJI m., gen. -a table GecTb 3a CTOJI. To sit down to table. GH;^eTb 3a ctojiom. To sit at the table. BcraTb H3-3a CTOJia. To rise from the table. niiCbMeHHbiH CTOJI. A desk. CTOJItmA /. capital (city) JI^peBHHH cTOJiHD;a. The ancient cap- ital. riapHJK — CTOjiHHa (DpaHn,HH. Paris is the capital of France. CTOJIOBIAfl /., gen. -oh 1. dining-room. S^ecb y nac cto- jiOBafl, a HanpaBO — ^Bepb b KyxHH). This is our dining-room and on the right is the door to the kitchen. 2. dining-hall, canteen. CTyAenqec- Kan CTOJiOBan. A students' canteen. CTOJILKO adv. 1. SO many, so much. CKOJibKO jiiOAeH, cTOJibKO xapaKTepoB. Gf. So many people, so many minds. 2. such a lot. Oh ctojibko c/^ejiajil He's done such a lot! CTOPOHA /., ace. CTopony; pi. cto- poHH, CTopoH, cTopoHaM, etc . side HpaBafl CTopoHa. The right-hand side. G JieBOH CTOpoHM. From the left-hand side. Ha fl;pyr6H CTopoHe yjiHUiH. On the opposite side of the street. Go Bcex cTOpOH. On all sides. CTO|HTb, -16, -limb, -HT imp. r J^ e? 1. to stand. HejioBeK ctoht y ok- Ha. The man is standing at the window. 2. to stand, to be (situated). Gtoji CTOHT B KOMHare. The table stands in the room. J^om ctohji Ha 6e- pery peKH. The house stood on the riverbank. HapHJK ctoht na Gene. Paris is situated on the Seine. 3. to be. Gtoht xopoman noro^a. The weather is fine. 4. to face. Eepe;]; HaMH ctoht Ba>K- Hbie npoSJieMW. Important prob- lems face us. 5. to stand (still). HacH ctoht. The watch has stopped. Hoes^ ctoht. The train is standing still. <> CTOflTb BO rjiase qero-JiHSo. To be at the head of something. CTOHTb y BJiacTH. To be in power. CTP AH A /., pi. CTpaHH 1. land. Mofl po/tnaH cTpana. My native land. K>muhie CTpaHH. Southern lands. 2. country. CTpanti JlaTimcKOH AMepHKH. The countries of Lat- in America. <> CxpaHbi CBeTa. The cardinal points. CTPAHfll^A /. page B KHHie 100 CTpaHiin;. There are 100 pages in the book. <> Ha cTpaHiin,ax HjypnaJia. In the columns of the magazine. CTPAHHlblfl, -aH, -oe, -ue; adv. CTpaHHO strange GTpaHHaa ^nrypa. A strange figure. GTpaHHHH B3rJiflA- ^ strange look. 3to OHeub cTpanno. It is very strange. CTPAX m. fear J\^omdiTh OT CTpaxa. To quake with fear. CTPAmHlblfl, -an, -oe, -He; adv. CTpamHO 1. terrible. GTparanafl HCTopHH. A terrible story. CTP 142 cyM 2. colloq. awful. CTpamnafl 6oJib. An awful pain. 3x0 cxpamno HHxepecHOl JVs awfully inter- esting! 3. adv.^ predic. impers. (to be) af- raid. Mne cxpaiiiHO. / am afraid. CTPEJlHlTb, -K), -emb, -k)x imp. b K 0 r 6? BO H X 6? to shoot Cxpejiflxb B ^eJlb. To shoot at a target . CTPEIMflTbCfl, -MJiiocb, -MHmbcH, -MHXCH imp. K KOMy? KHGMy? & -f- i/?/. to strive CxpeMHXbCH K uejiii, k CBo66^e. To strive to achieve one's goal, to strive for freedom. CTpeMHXbCH no- 6eAHXb. To strive to win. CTPfllHbCH, -rycb, -H^enibCH, -ryxcH, past cxpiircH, cxpHrjijacb, -ocb, -HCb imp. /p. nocxpiil^bCH, -rycb, -jKCfflbCH, -ryxcfl, past nocxpiircH, nocxpnrjilacb, -ocb, -iicb to have one's hair cut CxpiWbCH B napHKMaxepcKOH. To have one's hair cut at a barber's. CTPOriHfl, -aH, -oe, -ne, short form cxpor, cxpora, cxp6r|o, -h; adv. cxporo 1. strict, severe. Cxpornn yqiixejib. A strict teacher. Oieu, cxporo nocMOxpeji Ha Cbma. The father looked severely at his son. Cxpo- rim roJioc. A severe tone of voice. 2. fig. strict. Cxporne npasHjia. Strict rules. CTPOflTEJlLCTBO neut. 1. construction. CxpoiixejibcxBO sa- BOAOB H $a6pHK. The construc- tion of plants and factories. KyjibxypHoe cxpoHxejibcxBO. Cultural construction. 2. building. PaSoxaxb na cxpoH- xejibcxBe. To be engaged in build- ing. CTPOIHTb, -JO, -Hinb, -hx imp. qxo? / p. nOCXp6|HXb, -K), -Mfflb, -HX 1. to build. CxpoHXb ;^0M. To build a house. CxpoHXb jKejieanyio AO- pory. To build a railway. 2. fig. to build. Cxponxb KOMMy- HH3M. To build communism. CTPOfl m., no pi. system rocyflapcxBeHHHH cxpoH. A state system. Kojixoshhm cxpoH. The collective- farm system. CXy^EHT m. student Cxy;;eHx 5-ro Kypca. A fifth-year student. CXyjI m., pi cxyjibH, cxyjibCB chair Cecxb Ha cxyji. To sit down on a chair. CXyHIATb, -y, -Hmb, -fix imp. bo Hxo? no HCMy? ^eM?//?. no- cxyq|axb, -y, -nnib, -ax Cxy^axb B OKHO. To knock at the window. Gxy^axb KyjiaKOM no cxo- Jiy. To bang one's fist on the table. CTtlAHO predic. impers. (to be> ashamed Mne cxH/^HO. / am ashamed. Cxij;t- HO 3a xoBapnn^a. To be ashamed of a friend. Cxm^ho nepe^ ApyabHMH. To be ashamed to face one's friends. CxLi/^HO cJiymaxb axn cjioBa. / am athamed to hear such words. CyBBOTA /. Saturday B^ cy566Ty 6biji nnxepecHbiH koh- nepx. There was an interesting con- cert on Saturday. Cyj\ m., gen. -a 1. law-court. 2. trial. Cy^flTb, cymy, cyAHmb, cy^Hx imp^ K 0 r 6? ^i X 6? 1. to judge. Mh cyj^HM no xoMy^ ^xo BiTj^ejin. We judge front what we saw. 2. to try. Cy^HTb npecxynnnKa^ ' To try a criminal. 3. to referee. Cy;^iixb ^yxSojibnyio Bcxpe^y. To referee a footbalf match. <> CyAH no TOMy, qxc... Judging from what... Cy^bBA /., pi. cy js,h6u, cy^eC for- tune, fate J^yMaxb o cyAb6e Hapo^a. To think of the fate of the people. Cy jijb6st MOHx flpysen. The fortunes of my friends. Cy/^bH m., pi. cyffbH,^ cyACH 1. judge. CnpaBeAJiHBHH cy^bH. A just judge. HapoAHHH cyAbH. A people's judge. 2. referee. CnopxHBHHH cyAbH. A referee, on umpire. x CyMfiTb see yMEXb CyM|KA /., gen. pi. -ok bag KomaLBAR cyMKa. A leather bag. CyMKa jxJiH. npoAyKxoB. A shop' ping -bag. cyn 143 CHH cyn m., pi. -H soup Phcobmh cyn. Rice soup. TapejiKa cyna. A plate of soup. CyPOB|Llfl, -an, -oe, -iie, short form cypoB, -a, -o, -h; adv. cypoBO 1. stern, GypoBUH nejiOBeK. A stern person. 2. rugged. GypoBan npHpo^a. Rug- ged countryside. 3. rigorous. CypoBan hkhh 6htl cyxHMH. Wipe your hands, they must he dry. Gyxan o;^e}KJ^;a. Dry clothes. Gyxoii Bos^yx. Dry air. 2. dry. Gyxan KOMnaxa. A dry room. Gyxaa aeMJin. Dry earth. 3. fig. dried-up. Gyxon qejioseK. A dried-up person. On cyxo no- B^opoBaJiCfl. He greeted (some- body) coldly. <> Cyxoe BHHO. Dry wine. CymECTB|OBATb, -yio, -yemt, -yiOT imp. to exist >KH3Hb na 3eMJie cyni;ecTByeT mho- rne mhjijihohli jict. Life has exist- ed on Earth for many millions of years. GymecTBycT necKOJibKO bh- AOB ynpaJKHeHHH. There are several kinds of exercises. COOTOrPAOflPOBATb see CoHTH CO cuieHbi. To leave the stage. CHACTJlflBlblfl [n;acjiHBHH], -an, -oe, -He, short form c^acxjiHB, -a, -0, -h; adv. CHacxjiHBO 1. happy. GnacxJiiiBaH H«H3Hb. A happy life. G^acxJiHBbm qejio- BeK. A happy man. Kan a cnacx- jihbI How happy I am! 2. lucky. Th cnacxjiHBHH! You're lucky/ <> CiacTJiHBoro nyxii! A happy journey! C^ACTbE [n;acxbe] neut., no pi. 1. happiness. Bojibmoe cnacxbe. Great happiness. >Kejiaio BaM CHacxbHl / wish you happiness! 2. good luck. <> r^e cqacTbe, xaai h pa;^ocTI> (proverb). Where there is happi- ness, there is joy. CHHTA|Tb [n^Hxaxb], -lo, -emb, -rox imp. 1. K OrO? HX 0?/p. COCHHXa|xb, -K3, -emb, -lox to count. Gocqnxaxb go cxa. To count to one hundred. G^Hxaxb no nopH^Ky. To count in the order in which things are. Gqnxaxb js^eHhrn. To count money. 2. KOrO? HXO? KCM? qcM? to consider, to think. H c^nxaJi Te6n CBOHM flpyroM. I considered you to be my friend. Gnnxaio, Hxo XH nocxyuHJi npaBHJibHO. cmH 144 TAJI / think you acted in the right way. CfflHTb see mWTh CT>E33 m. congress IlapTHHHUH CLean. A party con- gress. G-LesA npo$coK)30B. A trade- union congress. CT>£3lOTTb, -H«y, -flHnib, -^ht p. K y « a? & + inf. (cf . E3J^HTb) to go to some place and return C'besjxiiTh B flpyroH ropo/i;. To go to another town (and come back). CtesAHTb OT;;oxHyTb. To go on a holiday. CT>E3H{A|Tb, -K), -emB, -iot imp. Kyfla? OTKyrja? / p. ctexaTb, Cbe^ly, -euib, -yx to go (come) down C-bexaxb c ropw. To go (come) down the hill. CT>E33KAlTLCH, 1st & 2nd pers. sing, not used, 3rd pers. -excH, -iotch imp. I p. cbexaxbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. sing, not used, 3rd pers. cbe^IeTCH, -yxcH to come together, to gather K Beqepy HanajiH cbeantaxbCH ro- CTH. Towards evening the guests began to arrive. CTbECTb see ECTb^ CTbEXATb see CT)E35KATb CT>EXATbCH see CT>E3^ATbCH CbirPATb see HrPATb CblH m., pi. cwHOBbH, cbiHOBeH son GiaprnHH CbiH. The eldest (elder) son. MjiaAfflHH chh. The youngest (younger) son. CblP m., pi. -u cheese ByTep5p6;i; c CbipoM. A cheese sand- wich. CbIP|(3fl, -aH, -6e, -He; adv. cbipo 1. damp. GbipaH seMJiH. Damp earth. CwpoH Boajtyx. Damp air. CbipaH KOMHaxa. A damp room. I predic. impers. B^ecb oienb CHpo. It is very damp here. 2. raw, unboiled. Gmpoe mhco. Raw meat. Cupoe mojioko. Un- boiled milk. €I>IT|bIfi, -an, -oe, -tie, short form CHx, CHxa, CMx|o, -u replete H cux. / am full. CIO^A adv. Ky^a? here H npnmeji cio^a yxpoM. / came here in the morning. T, T TABAK m., gen. -a tobacco KpenKHH xa6aK. Strong tobacco. Kypnxb xa6aK. To smoke tobacco. TABJIfl^A /. table TaSjiHi^a yMHOJKeHHH. The multi- plication table. TaSjiHqa BHHrpH- raeH. The list of winning numbers. TAflHA /. mystery TaHHH npapoAbi. Mysteries of na- ture. Xpanrixb b xaHne. To keep secret. /l^epjKaxb b xanne. To keep (something) secret. TAK adv. 1. as. ^ejiaxb xaK, KaK nyjKHO. To do as one should. Mm xaK me ji;0B6jibHH noea^KOH, nan h bh. I^e are as pleased with the trip as you are. 2. so. Oh xaK mhofo xo;^^TJI, ^xo ycxaJi. He walked so much that he got tired. 3. as part of compound conj. xaK KaK as, xaK hxo so, <> H xaK aaJiee. And so on. TaK cKasaxb. So to speak. TaK naabiea- eMbiM. So-called. Tan ce6e. So-so. TaK H 6biTb. Let it be so. He xaK jiH? Is it not so? TAKHCE adv. also Mkl xamKC 6biJiH flOBOJibHH. We were also pleased. TAKlOfl, -an, -6e, -He pron. 1. such. TaKOH Beqep h 6yAy noM- HHXb jiOJLTO. I'll remember such an evening for a long time. 2. so. CerojiiHH xaKan xopoman no- ^6;^a! Today the weather is so good! 3. the same as. Oh KynnJi xaKyio me KHHry, KaK h xh. He bought the same book as you did. *0^ B TaKOM cjiyqae. In this case. TaKHM 66pa3«M. In this way. Ht# TaKoe? What's that? TAKCfiL neut., indecl. taxi JlePKOBoe xaKCH. A taxi-cab. Exaxb na xaKCH. To go by taxi. HaM uymno B3HXb xaKCH. We should take a taxi. BM3Baxb xaKCH no jenei^oiiy. To call a taxi by telephone. TAJIAHT m. talent, gift y Hero SoJibmoH xaJianx. He is very gifted. TAJl 145 TEM TAJlAHTJIHBIblfl, -aH, -oe, -He tal- ented, gifted TajiaHTJiHBLiH yqeHHH, nHcaxejib. A gifted scientist, writer. TaJiaHT- jiHBaH paSoxa, KHHra. A work, book of great talent. TAM adu. r a e? there TaM HtHBex MOH OTei^. My father lives there. TaM, r^e a poAHJiCH, cymecTByex MHoro nnxepecHtix oSHHaeB. Where I was born, there exist many interesting customs. TAH|EI^ m., gen. -Ei;a dance BHCxpHH xaneii;. A quick dance. HcnoJiHHXb HaponHUH xanen;. To perform a folk dance. Eocemaxb nmojiy xaHn;eB. To attend a dancing school. TAHmEBATb, -yro, -yenib, -yiox imp. H X 0? to dance TanneBaxb Bajibc. To dance a waltz. TanneBaxb c AeByuiKon. To dance with a girl. TAPEJIIKA /., gen. pi. -ok plate FJiySoKafl xapejina. A soup plate. MeJiKan xapeJiKa. A flat plate. Ecxb H3 xapeJiKH. To eat from a plate. TAmflTb, xan^y, xan;Hnib, xan^ax imp. 1. Koro? Hxo? to carry. Tan^nxb MemoK. To carry a sack. 2. H X 0? p. Bbixan^Inxb, -y, -nmb, -ax to pull out. Bbixamnxb rBosAb H3 cxeHH. To pull a nail out of the wall. TA|HTB, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -ex, -lox imp. /p. pacxa|HXb, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -ex, -lox 1. to thaw. Gner xaex. The snow is thawing. 2. only imp., fig. to dwindle, to waste away. Sanacw xaiox. The supplies are dwindling. BojibHOH xaex na rjiaaax. You can see the sick man waste away. TBEPAIblfl, -an, -oe, -He, short form xBepfl, xBepua, xsepAlo, -h; adv. XBCpflO 1. solid. TBepAoe xejio. A solid substance. 2. hard. TBepjtan seMJiH. Hard ground. 3. fig. firm, sound. TBep^He sna- HHH. Sound knowledge. IIpHHHXb xBepAoe pemenHe. To take a firm decision. 10—4002 TBOfl, xBOfl, xBoe, xboh pron. your(s) TBOPHECTBO neut., no pi. creative work TBopqecxBO niojioxoBa. Sholokhov's works. Pacnsex xBopqecxBa. The height of one's creative activity. Ha- poAHoe XBopqecxBO. The creative work of the people. TEATP m. theatre Teaxp onepH h 6ajiexa. A theatre of opera and ballet. /],paMaxHHecKHH xeaxp. A play-house. CMOxpexb b xeaxpe noByio nbecy. To see a new play at a theatre. Xo^nxb b xeaxp. To go to the theatre. TEJIEBflSOP m. television set ^ CMOxpexb nepezj;aqy no xeneBnaopy. To watch a television programme. BKJIIOqHXb (BHKJIIO^IHXb) XeJICBHSOp. To turn on (off) television. TEJIEPPAMMA /. telegram CpoqnaH xejierpaMMa. An urgent telegram. Ilocjiaxb (flaxb) xejierpaM- My. To send a telegram. TEJIErPA Te;ie4)6H-aBTOMaT. A public te- lephone. T£JI|0 neut., pi. -a 1. substance. Tbep^oe xeJio. A so- lid substance. H^itflKoe xejio. A liquid substance. 2. body. HacxH xejia. Parts of the body. TEMA /. subject, theme TeMa ypoKa. The subject (theme) of a lesson. TeMa ^OKJiaAa. The sub- ject of a report. TfiMHIblfl, -an, -oe, -ne, adv. xcmho 1. dark. TeMnan KOMHaxa. A dark room. I predic. impers. Ha yjinne xeMHO. It is dark outside. 2. dark. Tcmehh kocxiom. A dark suit. TeMHHe bojioch. Dark hair. TeMHHe FJiasa. Dark eyes. TEM 146 TEH 3. fig- dark. TeMHwe chjih. Dark forces. TEMn m. tempo, speed, rate BucTptiH TeMH. A quick tempo TeMn pe^H. The tempo (speed) of speech. TeMnu pasBHTHH 3KOh6mh KH. The rate of economic development TEMHEPATS^PA /. 1. temperature. TeMnepaxypa boah The temperature of water. Hawe pHTb TeMnepaxypy. To take a temperature. 2. temperature. V Hero BucoKan TeMnepaxypa. He has a high temperature. || colloq. high tem- perature, fever. Y peSeuna TeM- nepaxypa. The child has a fever. TEHb /., prepos. b Tenii shade; shad- ow. Tenb ox Aepesa. The shade of a tree. CnAexb b xenii. To sit in the shade. On Gohjich coScxBeHHoii xe- Hii. He was afraid of his own shadow. TEOPHH /. theory HayHHaa xeopnH. A scientific theory. Maynaxb xeopuio. To study a theory. CoeAHHHXb xeopnio c npan- XHKOH. To combine theory with prac- tice. TEDEPb adv. now Tenepb oh >KHBex b Ch6hph, a panbuie paSoxaji b MocKse. Now he lives in Siberia, but before he worked in Moscow. TEnJl|blH, -an, -oe, -He, short form xeneji, xenJija, -6, -u; adv. xenno 1. warm. Tenjian KOMnaxa. A warm room. TenjibiH Boaayx. Warm air. PasBe axo ropHMHH cyn? Oh qyxb xenjiuH. Do you call this hot soup? It is hardly warm. Tenjioe naJibxo. A warm coat. | predic. impers. (is) warm. Mne xenjio. / feel warm. SA^Cb xenjio. It is warm here. 2. fig. warm, cordial. TenjiLie qyB- cxBa. Warm feelings. Ohh xenJio npocxHJiMCb c rocxHMH. They said good-bye to their guests cor- dially. TEPIIEJlflBlblfl, -an, -oe, -we, short form xepnejiHB, -a, -o, -u; adv. xep- nejiHBo patient TepnejiHBUH yqrixejib. A patient teacher. TepneJiHBO oS-LHCHnxb. To explain patiently. TEPHlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. Koro? mo?/p. noxepH|xb, -lo, -emb, -lox 1. to lose. IIoxepHXb cyMKy. To lose one's bag. 2. fig. to lose. Teprixb Apyra. To lose a friend. Tepnxb HaAewAy. To lose hope. Tepnxb cjiyx. To lose one's hearing. Tepnxb BpeMH. To waste time. <> Tepaxb roJioey. To lose one's head. Bbi He BHAeJiH axy KapxH- Hy? Hex? Bbi HHqero ne noxe- pfljiH. ''Have you seen this pic- ture? No? You have missed nothing." TECHjblfl, -an, -oe, -He, snort form xecen, xecna, xecH|o, -h; adv. xecHO 1. cramped. TecHan KBapxnpa. A cramped flat. \ predic. impers. 3Aecb xecHO. There is no room here. 2. tight. TecHHe Goxpihkh. Tight shoes. PySamna Mne xecna. The shirt is too tight for me. 3. close. BHTb XeCHO CBHSaHHHM c kcm-jihSo. To be closely con- nected with somebody. TETPAJ^b /. copy-book Tojicxafl xexpaAb. A thick copy-book. ToHKafl xexpaAb. A thin copy-book. 06maH xexpaAt- A thick, general- purpose copy-book. TexpaAfc b jih- HeiiKy. A lined copy-book. Ilncaxb B xexpaAH. To write in a copy-book. TETH /. aunt TEXHHKA /., no pi. 1. technique, technology. HepeAO- BaH xexHHKa. Advanced technol- ogy. OBJiaAexb xexHHKOH. To master technique. 2. technique. TexHHKa nrpn na CKpuuKe. The technique of play- ing the violin. TEXHflHECKIHfl, -an, -oe, -ne 1. technical. TexHHHecKHH nporpecc. Technical progress. 2. technical. TexHHnecKHH hhcth- xyx. A technical institute. 3. technical. TexKHHecKan pa66xa. Technical work. TEHEHHE neut. current, stream HnjKHee xe^eHHe peKH. The lower reaches of the river. O Iljmixb no TeneHHio (npoxHB TeHeHHfl). To go with (against) the stream. TEH 147 TOH TElHb, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -HGT, -KyT, past tgk, TeK|Jia, -Jio, -JiH imp. 1. to flow, to stream. Pena tghgt. The river flows. Ho JIH^y ee TGKJiH CJiesH. Tears were streaming down her cheeks. 2. fig. to fly by. BpeMH leneT ne- saMeTHO. Time goes by imper- ceptibly. TflXlUfl, -an, -oe, -ne, s/iori /orm Tiix, THxa, THxlo, -Hj ac?y. THXO; comp. THiiie 1. soft, Thxhh roJioc. A soft voice. Thxo neTb. To smg 5o/fZi/. Tobo- pH THme! Don't speak so loud} 2. quiet. Tixoe yxpo. A quiet morn- ing. 3. quiet. Thxhh peSeuoK. A quiet child. THmHHA /., no pi. silence IloJTHaH THniHHa. Complete silence. Hapymaxb THmHHy. To break the silence. CxofiJia MepTBan THmHua. It was dead silent. TKAHb /. fabric niepCTHHaa TKanb. A woollen fabric. TO particle then EcjiH SyAST BpeMH, to h npnAy. // / have time I'll come. TO... TO conj. now... now To TM roBopiifflb OAHo, TO ;i;pyr6e, — KaK me Mue Te6e BepnTb? Now you say one thing, now another, how am I to believe you? TOBAP m. 1. ware. npoMbimjienHbie TOBapH. Industrial wares. 2. usu. pi. goods. ToBapH mnpoKO- ro noTpeSJieHHH. Consumer goods. TOBAPHm m. 1. friend. BepHMH TOBapnn^. A true friend. 2. used in addressing people: ToBa- pnm IleTpoBa! Comrade Petroval ToBapnn^ Bojikob! Comrade Vol- kovl TO^J^A adv. 1. then. Pfle tm 6hji b nrojie? — fl 6hji Torfl,a b ^pyroM ropo^e. ''Where were you in July?" "/ was then in another town." 2. then. Th ne anaenib axoro? Torji;a bosbmh KHHry h npoHH- xaHl ''You don't know that? Then take the book and read it!" 10* 3. then. Kor^a npOHHTaio KHHry, Tor^a OT;;aM ee xeSe. When I have read the book I'll give it back to you. TO ECTb conj. that is (to say) Cen^ac Mapx. H Bepnycb b HiOHe, to ecTb Hepea flsa MecHn;a. Now it is March. I'll come back in June, that is in two months. TOmE adv. also H TOJKC ^pH;^y na Be^ep. I'll also come to the evening-party. H tojkb ycTaJi. / am also tired. Th ne x6- qemb 3Toro? H TOJKe. "You don't wanl that? Neither do I." TOJinA /., pi. TOJiDLi crowd Tojina JiioAeH. A crowd of people. TOJICTlblfl, -an, -oe, -He, short form TOJiCT, TOJicTa, t6jict|o, -h; comp. TOJin^e 1. thick. TojicTaH miTKa. A thick thread. ToJicxaa KHitra. A thick book. 2. fat. TojicxHH neJiOBCK. ^ /ai man. TOJlbKO 1. adv. only. B KOMHaxe xojibKO oji,EH cxyji. There is only one chair in the room. Oh npnexaJi xoJibKO BHepa. He came only yesterday. 2. conj. only, fl corjiacen, xoJibKO He cenqac. / agree, only not now. 3. particle only. TojibKO 6h yexaxbl / wish only to go away! H 3a- HCM xojibKO OH CAeJiaJi axo? Why on earth did he do that? 4. as part of compound conj . a) TOJib- Ko qxo just. Oh xojibKO hxo npn- meji. He has just come, b) KaK TOJlbKO the moment, Kan xoJibKO Mbi BomjiH B 3aji,,.. The moment we entered the hall... TOH m. tone BpajKAeSuHH xoh. A hostile tone. FOBOpHXb ^.pyjKecKHM XOHOM. To speak in a friendly tone. TOHKIHfl, -aa, -oe, -ne, short form xoHOK, xoHKa, x6hk|o, -h; adv. xoHKo; comp. xoHbme 1. thin. ToHKaa xexpaAt. A thin copy-book. ToHKoe jtepeBO. A thin tree. ToHKHe SpoBH. Fine eye- brows. ToHKO Hapeaaxb CHp. To cut the cheese thin. 2. thin. ToHKHH roJioc. A thin voice. TOH 148 TPA 3. delicate, keen. Tohkhh BKyc. A delicate taste. Tohkhh cjiyx. A keen ear. 4. fine. Kojibno tohkoh paGoTU. A ring of fine workmanship. ^ Tfle TOHKo, TaM H peeTCfl (prov- erb). Gf. The strength of a chain is determined by, its weakest link. TOHHA / ton BecoM B 500 TOHH. 500 tons in weight . TOHS'Tb, TOHy, TOHeuib, Tonyx imp. i. p. noTOuyTb, noTOHy, noxoHemb, noTOHyx to sink. KopaSjib no- Tonyji. The ship has sunk. 2» p. yTOHyxb, yxony, yxoneinb, yxonyx to get drowned. MaJib- ^hk yxonyji b pene. The boy got drowned in the river. 3. no p. to sink. MexaJiJi xonex b BO^e. Metal sinkKecxBtMiHO 1. festive. Top>KecxBeHHUH flenb. A festive day. 2. solemn. Top>KecxBeHHbiH xoh. A solemn tone. TOPOnflTbCH, xoponjiiocb, xoponnmb- Cfl, xopoiiflxcH imp. to hurry ToponHXbCH B xeaxp. To hurry to the theatre. TOT pron. 1. that. Tox flOM. That house. B xox ;^eHb. (On) that day. 2. other. Ha xoh cxopone. On the other side. Ha x6m 6epery. On the other bank. 3.: Mm yBepenH b xom, hxo... We are sure that... fl cnpouiy y xoro, Kxo SHaex. I'll ask some- body who knows. 4. that. 9x0 xox flOM? Is that the house? 3x0 xa Ben5b? Is that the thing? 3x0 ne xa Bemb! This is not the thing! 3xo cobccm He x6! -■■■.. It is not that at all! -^H t6t h flpyroH. Both {one and the other). Hh tot hh ffpyroii. Neither {one nor the other). Tot Hce, TOT me caMwii. The same one, the very same one. B Ty 3Ke MHHyT^. That very moment. Oaho h to Hce. The (very) same thing. Jlejio b tom, mto... The thing is that... Mne He flo Toro. I've other things to attend to. H TOMy noA6(>Hoe (h t. n.). And so on (etc.). 5. as part of compound conj.: BMecxo xoro, qx66H instead of; xeM He Menee nevertheless; nocjie xoro KaK after, following; flo xoro KaK, ^epe;^ xeM KaK before; ne- CMOxpH Ha x6, Hxo in spite of the fact that; b xo BpeMH KaK while TOHIKA /., gen. pi. -bk point, full stop IlocxaBHXb xoHKy. To put a full stop. <> Toqna c aacHTOH. A semi- colons ToHKa apeHHfl. One's point of view. C Moefi toikh speHHH. From my standpoint. TOHHIblfl, -an, -oe, -ue, short form xoHeH, xo^ma, x6hh|o, -h; adv. x64H0 1. exact. ToHHtiH nepeBOjt. -^n exact translation. Tohuo anaxb. To know for certain. To^Hbie na- CM. A good time-keeping watch. ToMHoe BpeMH. The exact time. 2. punctual. Tohhhh HejiOBen. A punctual man. <> ToHHbie HayKH. The exact sciences. TPABA /., pi. xpaBbi 1. grass. Bejienaa xpaBa. Green grass. BucoKafl xpaBa. Tall grass. 2. only pi. herbs. JleKapcxBeHHue xpaBU. Medicinal herbs. TPAKTOP m., pi. xpaKxopa, xpaKxo- poB & xpanxopti, xpaKxopoB tractor TPAMBAfl m. tram ^BaAnaTb mecxoH xpaMBan. A num- ber 26 tram. i:xaxb na xpaMBae. To go by tram. Gecxb na xpaMBafi. To take a tram. Cohxh c xpaMBan. To get off the tram. TPAHCnOPT m., no pi. transport ropoflCKoii xpaHcnopx. City trans- port. Bhaw xpaHCHopxa. Kinds of transport. TPA|THTb. -Hy, -XHmb, -xhx imp. qxo? na h x 6?/p. HCxpa|XHXb, -qy, -XHmb, -xax to spend TpaxHXb jxeuhTR na nnxaHHe. To spend money on food. HcxpaxHXb TPE 149 Tpy MHoro AGHer. To spend much money. Oh TpaTHT MHoro BpeMeHH na ;^o- pory. He spends a lot of time trav- elling. TPEBIOBATb, -yio, -yemi,, -yrox imp. q T o? or q e r 6? y k o r 6? OT Kor6? + qT66H or J^inf.f p. noTpe6|oBaTb, -yio, -yemb, -yioT 1. to demand. H Tpe6yio cjioea. / demand the right to he heard. y^HTeJib TpeSosaji, ^toSh mh ^ejiajiH flOMaraHHe saAannH. The teacher demanded that we should do our home-task. 2. to take. Bxa pa66Ta TpeCyex mho- ro BpeMeHH. This work takes a lot of time. TPEBOHCHIblfl, -an, -oe, -He, short form TpesoH^eH, xpeBOH^Hla, -o, -ti; adv. xpeBOJKHO 1. anxious. TpeBOJKHUH bsfjih;;. An anxious look. 2. alarming. TpenoHtHoe hojiojkc- HHe. An alarming situation. Tpe- Bomuoe BpeMH. An uneasy time. TpeBOJKHHe hobocxh. Alarming news. TP(3rA|Tb, -10, -emb, -lox imp. ko- to? Hxo? neu^/p. xpoHlyxb, -y, -emb, -yx (momentaneous action) & noxp6ra|xb, -lo, -emb, -lox 1. to touch. SKCHOHaxM B Myaee HejTb3H xporaxb pvKaMH. The exhibits in the museum should not be touched. EMy xoxejiocb noxporaxb Kawflyio Bem;b. He wanted to touch every thing. 2. p. only xpoHyxb fig. to move. 3x0 ero ne xpdraex. It doesn't move him. MeHH axo oqeub xpo- Hyjio. It moved me deeply. 3. p. only xponyxb to touch. He xporaHxe erol Leave him alone/ TPOE num. three Tpoe cxyAeHxoB. Three students. y Hero xpoe ^exen. He has three children. Hac 6mjio xpoe. There were three of us. Hpomjio xpoe cyxoK. Three days had passed. TPOJIJlEflByC m. trolleybus nfixbiH xpojiJieH6yc. A number 5 trolleybus. OcxanoBKa xpojiJienCyca. A trolleybus stop. Exaxb na xpoji- JieH6yce. To go by trolleybus. Cecxb Ha xpoJiJienGyc. To take a trolley- bus. GoHXH c xpojiJienCyca. To get off the trolleybus. TPOHyXb see TPOPATb TPyBA /., pi. xpy6H 1. tube. ripoHBBOAcxBO xpy6. Pro- duction of tubes. 2. chimney. SaBOffCKaH xpy6a. A factory chimney. Tpy6a flOMa. The chimney of a house. 3. trumpet. Hrpaxb na xpy6e. To play (to blow) the trumpet. TP>^B|KA /., gen. pi. -ok pipe KypHXb xpyoKV. To smoke a pipe. TPyft m., gen. -a i.nopl. work; labour. yMCXBeHHHH xpyfl. Brain work. OHSHHecKHH xpyff. Manual work. 2. difficulty. Oh c xpy^oM Bcxaji. He stood up with difficulty. Oh BHyHHJi 3X0 6e3 xpyfla. He learned it without any difficulty. 3. work. HayHHHH xpyA- A scien- tific work. TpyflU Ferejia. The works by Hegel. TPyjIiflTbCH, xpyjKycb, xpyflnmbCH, xpy;i;HXCfl imp. to work JIaSopaxopHH xpyfl;HxcH Ha;^ peme- HHeM axon aa/^aiH. The laboratory works at solving this problem. TP5^ja,H|blfl, -an, -oe, -ue, short form xpyJ^eH, xpjrj^na, xpyAH|o, -h; adv. xpy^HO 1. difficult. TpyAHbiH sKaaMen. A difficult examination. Tpy^noe 3a;^aHHe. A difficult task. HaM xpyAHO HOHHXb Bac. It is diffi- cult for us to understand you. 3xa KHifra xpyAua ;i;jih Bac. This book is too difficult for you. 2. difficult, hard. Tpy^Hafl o6cxa- HOBKa. A difficult situation. TpyAHoe BpeMH. A hard time. TPy/^GBlOn, -aa, -oe, -Lie 1. working, labour. Tpyj^OBoe boc- HHxaHHe. Labour education. 2. working. Tpyj^oBan MOjiOAejKb. Working youth. 3. hard-earned. Tpy^OBwe ;;eHbrH. Hard-earned money. 4. working. TpyAOBOH jj,eHh. The working day. <> TpyflOBMe pesepBbi. Labour-re- serves. TPyJ^HI^|HflCfl m., gen. -erocfl worker Tpy/^flmnecH Bcex cxpan. The workers TPy 150 T5IH of the world. CoBexH aenyTaxoB TpyflHmHXCH. Soviets of workers* deputies. TPyC m. coward Oh OKaaaJiCH TpycoM. He turned out to be a coward. TPyCb'I no sing, shorts CnopxcMeHm 6hjih b KpacHux Man- Kax H nepHLix xpycax. The sports- men wore red jerseys and black shorts. TP)ln|KA /., gen. pi. -ok rag, duster CxHpaTb ntiJib xpflnKOH. To remove dust with a rag. Mhxb noji xpfln- KOH. To wash the floor with a rag. Xy/HA adv. K y A a? there Box MarasHH, ho mm xy^a ne noH- flCM. Here is the shop, but we shall not go there. KaK ^oexaxb 30 H,eH- xpa? — Ty^a m6h{ho exaxb na Mex- p6. ''How can I get to the centre?" — ''You can get there by the under- ground." Bh Hflexe He xy^a. You are not going the right way. TYMAH m. mist, fog yxpeHHHH XyMan. A morning mist. FycxoH xyMan. A dense fog. Ha yjiHiie ceroj^HH xyMan. It is foggy outside today. TyniOK, -an, -6e, -Lie 1. blunt. TynoH ho>k. A blunt knife. 2. not pointed. Tynon hocok 60- xiiHKa. A rounded toe-cap. 3. fig. meaningless. TynoH bsfjih;;. A meaningless look. 4. fig. dull. Tynoii yqeuHK. A dull pupil, a dunce. 5. fig. dull. Tynafl 6ojib. A dull pain. TyPflCT m. tourist, hiker TypncxM xoahjih b jiexHHii noxoA. The hikers went on a summer walk- ing tour. HHOcxpauHLie xypncxM. Foreign tourists. TYT adv. r « e? (colloq.) here Tyx cxoHx cxoji, a xaM — AHBan. There is a table here, and a divan over there. T^OJIH pi., gen. pi. xy$ejib; sing. xy(|)JiH /. shoes KoHtanwe xy^JiH. Leather shoes. Ty$JiH na bhcokom (hhskom) Ka6- jiyKe. High- (low -)heeled shoes. ]\o- MamHHe xy(|)jni. Slippers. 1. cloud. HepHwe xyqn. Black clouds. HnsKHe xyqn. Low clouds. 2. fig. cloud. TyHH hujih. Clouds of dust. TbI pron., gen., ace. xeSfl, dat. xe6e, instr. xo66h, prepos. o xe6e you Th moh Jtpyr. You are my friend. Hxo XH AeJiaemb cennac? What are you doing now? <> BbiTfa Ha «TM» c kcm-jihSo. To thee-and-thou somebody. TblJl m., prepos. b xHJiy; pi. xhjim rear TbiJi H (|)poHx. The rear and the front. PaSoxaxb b XHJiy. I'o work on the home front. TK)PbMA /., pi. xiopbMH, xfopeM, xiopbMaM, etc. prison riocannxb b xiopbMy. To put into prison. BpocHxb B xiopbMy. To fling into prison. Gn^exb b xiopbMe. To be in prison. THiKEJIlblH, -an,^ -oe^ -He, short form xflJKeji, xfl>KOJi|a, -6, -h; adv. xh- jKeJio 1. heavy. Tflwejibm hh^iik. A heavy box. I predic. impers. Te6e xh/KC- J16 necxH 3X0X qeMOfl;aH. It is difficult for you to carry that suit-case. 2. fig. hard, difficult. TajKejian pa66xa. Hard work. TflJKeJiaH JKH3Hb. A hard life. TflJKejioe sa^aHHe. A difficult task. V He- ro 6biJia xflJKeJiaH MOJio^ocxb. He had a hard youth. Y nero xflJKe- jiHH xapaKxep. He is a difficult person. CoBepmnxb xflJKejioe npe- cxynjieHHe. To commit a heinous crime. Tfl>KejiaH SojiesHb. A grave illness. TflweJiafl onepauHH. A se- rious operation. TflJKejioe qyBcxBO. A hard feeling. Tajkcjimh ^eub. A hard day. | predic. impers. Mho xfl?KeJi6 BcnoMHuaxb 06 axoM. It is painful for me to recollect that. <> y nee Tnmeno na flyme. She has misgivings. TflHceJiafl npo- MumjieHHOCTb. The heavy in- dustry. THHyXb, XHuy, xflnemb, xHHyx imp. k 0 r 6? mo? /p. noxHHyxb, no- xHHy, noxHHemb, noxHuyx 1. to pull. Oh noxHHyji oxi^a 3a 151 VBE pyKaB. He pulled his father's sleeve. 2. colloq., fig. to draw out. He thhh, paccKaawBaH SucTpee. Don't draw it out, say it quickly. <> TflH.VTb c OTBeTOM. To delay one's answer. y, y y prep, -j- gen. 1. by. Ctoji ctoht y OKHa. The table is by the window. 2. at. H ?KHBy y 6paTa. / live at my brother's. 3. from, fl ysHaji y Moero y^HTejia MHoro HHTepecHoro. / learned a lot of interesting things from my teacher. MoH TOBapniii; bshji y MGHH MOio KHHry. My friend has borrowed a book from me. 4.: y nee 6ojiht rojiosa. She has a headache. 5.: y MGHH eCTb 3T0T jKypHaJi. / have got that magazine. Y Tosa- pHma 6ojibmaH ceMbH. My friend has a large family. yBE^flTb see YBEIiKJliiTh yBEJ^flTbCH see yBE5KAATbCH yBE3KAA|Tb, -K), -emb, -kdt imp. Koro? B HGM? & -^ inf./p. y6e- fllHTb, 1st pers. sing, not used, -Hmb, -HT to convince, to persuade Ham HHJKeHep y6e;^Hji nac b npaBHjibHOCTH cBoero npoeKxa. Our engineer has convinced us of the correctness of his project. Mh y5e/^HJiH TOBapuma nocxy- DHTb B HHCTHTyT. We persuaded our friend to enter an institute. yBEHC^AITbCH, -locb, -enibca, -lox- Cfl imp. B qeM?/ p. ySeflliixbCfl, 1st pers. sing, not used, -nmbcfl, -HxcH to get convinced y6efl;HXbCH b BepnocxH Apyra. To get convinced of one's friend's loyal- ty. Mm ySe^HJiHCb. b xom, hxo 3xo mpdiBjxa.. We got convinced that it was true. yBHBAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. k o r 6? Hxo?/p. ySifxb, y6h\K), -emb, -lox 1. to kill. y6HXb BOJiKa h3 py>KbH. To kill a wolf with a gun. y6HTb HOJKOM. To kill with a knife. 2. fig. to kill. HsBecxne o CMepxH Cbina ySbex ee. The news of her son's death will kill her. <> XoTb ySeii, ne sHaio. / couldn't tell you to save my life. yBHPAlTb, -K>, -emb, -lox imp. ^ x o?/ p. ySpaxb, ySeply, -emb, -yx, past ySpaJi, -a, y6paji|o, -h 1. to remove. ySpaxb xexpa^H . CO cxoJia. To take the copy-books from the desk. 2. to put away. ySpaxb KHHrn b mKa(|). To put away books in a bookcase. 3. to gather (in). ySpaxb ypoHtan. To gather (in) the crops. 4. to tidy up. ySpaxb KOMHaxy. To tidy up the room. y5paxb nocxejib. To make the bed. yBflTb see yBHBATb yBPATb see yBHPATb yBA5KA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. ko- to? H X 0? 3 a H X 6? to respect ycaJKaxb poAHxejien. To respect one's parents. ysaJKaxb xoeapHma 3a CMejiocxb. To respect one's friend for his bravery. Mbi ji;oji>khli yea- jKaxb Apyr Apyra. We must respect one another. yBA5KEHHE neut., no pi. respect^ nojibsoBaxbCH yBameHiieM xoBapn- mew.. To be held in respect by one's friends. H cj];eJiaJi 3X0 hb yBaJKeuHH K Apyry- / did that out of respect for my friend. yBEJlfl^HBAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. qxo?/p. yBejiHH|HXb, -y, -nmb, -ax 1. to increase. yBejiiiHHXb BwnycK XKanen. To increase the output of fabrics. 2. to raise. yBCJiHHHXb 3apa6oxHyio nJiaxy. To raise one's salary (wages) . yBEJIflHHBA|TbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -excfl, -loxcfl imp. I p. yBeJiH^lHXbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -hxch, -ax- es to increase, to grow KojiHHecxBo cxyAenxoB yBeJiHHH- Baexcfl. The number of students is growing. yBEJiflHHTb see yBEJIflHHBATb yBEJlfl^HTbCH see yBEJlflHH- BATbCfl VBE 152 VAO yBEPEHHIblfl, -an, -oe, -He; adv. ysepeHHO 1. part., short form j^Bepen, yse- peH|a, -0, -w sure, certain. yBepeHHHe b no6e;ie, mli npo- ;iOJDKajiH 6opb6y. Certain of victory, we continued the fight. Mu yBepcHM b nameH no6efle. We are sure of our victory. H yBepen b tom, hto oh npaB. / am sure he is right. 2. used as adj., short form yBe- pen, yBepen I Ha, -no, -nw confi- dent, sure. ynepennHe flencTBHH. Confident actions. Ero flBHJKe- HHH 6mjih dwcTpH H yBcpen- HU. His actions were quick and sure. On roBopnJi yBepenno (adv.). He spoke confidently. yBfl/^ETb see BflJUETb yBJIEKA|TbCH, -locb, -embcn, -K)TCfl imp. KeM? qeM?/ p. yBJie|HbCH, -Kycb, -qembCH, -KyxcH, past yB- JICKCH, yBJieKlJiaCb, -JlOCb, -JTHCb to be carried away, to be keen (on doing something) yBJieKBTbCH cnopTOM, paGoTOH. To go in for sports, to be carried away with one's work. ^rOJI m., gen. yrJia, prepos. b yrjiy 1. corner. yroJi j^OMa. The corner of a house. CxoflTb na yrJiy ymi- nti. To stand at the corner of the street. CnAexb b yrJiy KOMnaxH. To sit in the corner of the room. 2. an^le. noflyrji6M45°(c6poKnHXb rpajtycoB). At an angle of 45°. <0> XoflHTb H3 yrjia b yroji. To walk up and down the room, yroji speHHA. A point of view. Ils-sa yrjia. From round the corner. yrOJIb m., gen. yrjiH coal KaMenHMH yroJib. Coal. ^oSHBaxb yrojib. To mine coal. yBe-nHHHBaxb ;to6uHy yrjin. To increase the coal output. yrocTiiTb see yromAxb yromA|Tb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. ko- to? ^eM? / p. yrolcxHXb, -^^y, -cxHmb, -cxHT to treat yrocxHXb xoBapHn;a ^aeM. To treat one's friend to tea. y;^A|BATbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -excH, -loxcfl imp./ p. y^axbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used. 3rd pers. yflacxcfl, yAa;^yxcfl, past yAa|JiCH, -jiacb, -jiocb, -jiHCb 1. to be a success. Onux y^ajiCH. The experiment was a success. 2. impers. k o m y? -f- if^f- to man- age. Mne y;taji6cb npnexaxb na BOKsan BOBpeMH. / managed to come to the station in time. HaM He yAaJiocb nonacxb na BHCxaB- Ky. We didn't manage to get to the exhibition. y^AP m. 1. blow, clap. CnjibHUH y^ap. A strong blow, y^ap rpoMa. A clap of thunder. 2. fig. blow. 9x0 ;^Jifl Hero XHJKejiMH Vflap. This is a hard blow to him. <0» BwTb B yffape. To be at one's best. yAAPHTb see yj^APHXb yAAPEnrbCH see yJ^APHTbCH y^APHHK m. shock-worker yj^apHHK KOMMyHHcxnqecKoro xpy- Jta. A shock-worker of communist labour. yj^APH|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. ko- to? H e M? no H e M y? B 0 H X 6?/ p. yMplHTb, -K), -nmb, -hx to strike, to hit, to kick y^apEXb HoroH B flBepb. To kick at the door. y;;apHXb koto-jihCo pyKOH no njieny. To strike somebody on the shoulder. y^APHlTbCH, -locb, -embCH, -ioxch imp. o6o Hxo? ^eM?/p. y^a- plHXbCH, -K)Cb, -nmbCH, -HXCH to strike oneself, to hit oneself H y/^apHJICH pyKoii o Kpaii cxojia. / knocked my hand against the edge of the table. y^ATbCH see yJ^ABATbCH yAHBflTbCfl see yj5HBJlHTbCH yflRBJlHlTbCH, -locb, -erabcfl, -loxcfl imp. KOMy? HeMy?//?. yAH|BHXb- CH, -BJiiocb, -BHmbCH, -BHXCH to be surprised H yflHBHJiCH ero cjiOBaM. / was surprised at his words. yj^OBH|blfl, -an, -oe, -ue, short form yAoSen, yfloSnla, -o, -u; adv. y^odHO 1. comfortable. Yjx66uoe Kpecjio. A comfortable chair. On y^oSHO CHjieJi B Kpecjie. He sat comfort- ably in an armchair. | predic. impers. (it is) comfortable. Sflecb oneHb yfl66Hopa66xaxb. It is very yflo 153 yjiH comfortable to work here. BaM YAoSho CH;^eTb? Are you sitting comfortably? 2. predic. impers. (it is) con- venient. yA66HO JIH rOBOpHTL 06 3T0M? Isn't it awkward to speak about that? YAOBOJIbCTBHE neut. pleasure Konnepx aocTaenji Mne 6ojii.m6e yfliOBOJiLCTBHe. / enjoyed the concert very much. H cjiyraan neena c yjj,o- BOJibCTBHeM. / listened to the sing- er with pleasure. yE3H{A|Tb, -K), -eniL, -K)t imp./ p. yexaxb, ye^ly, -emb, -yx to go away Vexaxb 0XJ^Hxaxb. To go on one's holiday. Vexaxb h3 ropoAa b aepes- HK). To go from town to the country. 06hhho oh yesjKaex na pa66xy pano yxpoM. He usually goes to work early in the morning. B npomjiOM ro^y h KHKy^a ne yesHtaJi h3 ^OMa. Last year I didn't go away anywhere. YEXATb see YESHCATb y^ particle emphasising the meaning of the word to which it refers really OneHb yjK njioxo oh c^ejiaji 9x0. He really did that very badly. Th ym He roBopn CMy 06 axoM. Don't you tell him about that. y^E adv. already H yme ^Hxan axy KHPiry. / have already read that book. Yme no pa HflXH AOMOH. It's already time to go home. MoH chh yjKe BspocJibiH. My son is already grown-up. SjiKRH m. supper XoJiOflHLiH fmuR. A cold supper. C-becxb yH^HH. To eat one's supper. IIpHroxoBHXb yjKHH. To cook one's supper. BeceflOBaxb aa ymnuoM. To talk at supper. CeroAHfl na yjKHH pH6a. There is fish for supper to- day, nocjie ywHHa. After supper. yaCHHAITb, -JO, -emb, -rox imp./ p. noyjKHHa|xb, -10, -emb, -lox to have supper BKycHO noy»«HHaxb. To have a tasty supper. SSEJl m., gen. ysjia 1. knot. KpeuKHH yaeji. A tight knot. 3aBfl3axb yaeji. To tie a knot. 2. fig. knot, yaeji npoxEBope^HH. A knot of contradictions. ySKIHfl, -an, -oe, -ne, short form y30K, ysKa, y3K|o, -n; comp. yjKe 1. narrow. ysKan yjinna. A nar- row street. VsKHe SpioKH. Nar- row trousers. BpiOKH nyjKHO c^e- Jiaxb yme. The trousers must be made narrower. 2. fig. narrow, particular. y3KaH cnennaJibHOCXb. A narrow speci- ality. y3KHe HHxepecH. Narrow interests. 3. only short form ysoK, ysKa, -6, -H too tight. 3x0 njiaxbe ya- k6 mhc. This dress is too tight for me. y3HA|BATb, -K), -emb, -lox imp./ p. y3Ha|xb, -K), -emb, -lox 1. Koro? Hxo? to recognise. H cpa3y y3HaJi cbok) yjinqy. / rec- ognised my street at once. 2. HXO? O KOM? o qeM? to learn, yanaxb HHxepecnyio h6- Bocxb. To learn interesting news. Ox Hero MM ysnajiH o nocjie^- HHX co6biXHflx. We learned the latest events from him. y3Haxb MHoro HHxepecHoro. To learn a lot of interesting things. 3. to know. Co BpeMencM mh y3HaJiH ero Jiyqme. Later we got to know him better. y3HATb see ySHABATb yfiTfl see yXOaflTb yKPACHTb see yKPAfflATb yKPACTb see KPACTb yKPAmAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. ^xo? HeM? / p. yKpa|cHXb, -my, -cnmb, -CHX 1. to deck. yKpamaxb ropo^ (|)jia- raMH. To deck a town with flags. 2. to decorate. Llsexti ynpamaiox KOMHaxy. Flowers decorate a room. yKPEnflTb see yKPEHJlHTb yKPEHJlHlTb, -H), -emb,^ -lox imp. Hxo? qeM?//7. yKpe|nHXb, -njiio, -nnmb, -nnx 1. to fortify. yKpenjifixb ropo^. To fortify a town. 2. fig. to strengthen. VKpennxb BAOpOBbe. To strengthen one's health, ynpenjinxb flpywecxBen- Hbie CBH3H. To strengthen friend- ly ties. ^JIHI^A /. 1. street. TjiaBnan yjinna. The main street. H muBy na yjiHn,e yjiy 154 VMbl ropbKOro. / live in Gorky Street. Hath no yjiHi^e. To go along the street. 2. outside. Bhhth na ynnqy. To go out. Ha yjiHii,e xojiOAnee, HeM flOMa. It's colder outside than in- side. yjiynniAlTb, -ro, -emb. -rox imp. 1T0?/ p. yjiyHin|HTb, -y, -nmb, -ax to improve yjiyquiaxb >KH3Hb Hapo^a. To im- prove the people's life. yjiyqmaTb yCJiOBHH pa66TLi. To improve working conditions. yjiyHfflA|TbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -exCH, -iotch imp. /p. yjiyqinlHTbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -htch, -axcfl to im- prove Moe s^opoBbe yjiynrnHjiocb. My health has improved. OTHoraeHHH uemjiY 3THMH CTpanaMH yjiynmaiOT- CH. The relations between these coun- tries are improving. yjiyHfflHTb see yjiyqiHATb yjiynmHTbCH see yjiyqiHATbCH yjIbIBA|TbCH, -locb, -embcH, -iotch imp. K 0 M y? HeMy?/p. (momen- taneous action) yjibi6HlyTbCH, -ycb, -embCH, -yTCfl to smile yjibi6HyTbCH Apyry. To smile to a friend. yjII>IB|KA /., gen. pi. -ok smile PaAOCTHaH yjibi6Ka. A joyous smile. FoBopHTb c yjitiSKOH. To say with a smile. CMOTpexb na peSeHKa c JiacKOBOH yjitiSKOH. To look at a child with a kind smile. yjIblBHyXbCH see yjIblBAXbCH yM m. 1. no pi. intellect, mind, intel- ligence. rjiySoKHii yM. A pro- found intellect. HejioBeK 6ojib- moro yMa. A man of great in- telligence. 2. intellect. Jlyqmne yMw nejioee- necTBa. The greatest intellects of mankind. <0^ C^oxaTb B yMe. To count men- tally. Mne npHmjio Ha yw. It occurred to me. J^eJiaxb ito-jih- 6o c yMOM. To do something clev- erly. BosbMHCb 3a yM. Be reason- able. CoHTH c yMa. To go mad. BbiTb 6e3 yMa ox Kor6-JiH6o. To dote on somebody. Bbixb ce6e Ha yMe. To know which side one's bread is buttered on. Ym xopomo, a flea jiyime (proverb). Gf. Two heads are better than one. yMEHbmAlTbj -K), -emb, -lox imp. Hxo?/ p. yMeHbm|HTb, -y, -nmb, -ax to lessen, to reduce yMenbrnnxb AaBJienne. To lessen the pressure. yMCHbmHTb CKopoCTb. To reduce the speed. yMeubmHTb KOJiHHecTBo paGoMHX. To cut down the number of workers. yMEHbfflA|TbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -eTCH, -iotch imp. /p. yMeHbin|HTbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -htch, -axcH to lessen, to decrease J]|aBjieHHe yMenbmHJiocb. The pres- sure has decreased. PaccToauHe Me>K- Ay qjiMH SmcTpo yMeubmaJiocb. The distance between us was fast growing shorter. yMEHbinHTb see yMEHbinATb yMEHbfflHTbCH see yMEHblHATb- CH yMEPETb see yMHPATb yME|Tb, -K), -emb, -iot imp. usu. -f imp. inf.) p. cyMe|Tb, -lo, -emb, -iot -f- p. inf. to be able, can H yMeio HHxaTb. / can read. Oh yMeeT nrpaTb b TeuHHC. He can play tennis. Ona cyMejia AoSnTbCH yBaH^euHH. She succeeded in winning respect. yMHPA|Tb, -K), -emb, -k>t ^ imp.f p. yMepcTb, yMply, -emb, -yT, past yMep, yMepjia, yMepji|o, -h 1. to die. yMepeTb b 6oi6. To die in battle. yMepeTb ot rojio^a. To die of hunger. 2. fig. to die. 3th n^en ne yMpyT. These ideas are immortal. <> yMHpaxb CO cMexy. To die of laughing. yMnpaxb c roJiOAy (fig.). To be starving. yMHiblH, -an, -oe, -we, short form yMCH, yMHa, yMH|6, -h; adv. yMHo clever yMHHH HeJioseK. A clever person. Oh yMCH. He is clever. Oh bcji ce- 6h yMHo. He behaved cleverly. yMbIBA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. ko- r 6? H X o? He m?//?. yMuxb, yMolio, -emb, -IOT to wash yMUBaTb jihi;6 xojioahoh boaoh. VMbl 155 ycji To wash one's face with cold water. VMHEaTB pe6eHKa. To wash a child. yMblBAlTbCH, -locb, -enibCH, -iotch imp. ^eM?/p. yMHTbCfl, yMoIiocb, -embCfl, -IOTCH to wash yMHBaxbCfl TenjiOH bo;i;6h. To wash with warm water. yMbiBaTbCH c mh- JiOM. To wash with soap. yMKlTbCfl see yMblBATbCH yHHBEPMAr m. department store U[eHTpaJibHHH yHHBepMar. The cen- tral department store. Kynnxb najib- t6 b yHHBepMare. To buy an over- coat at a department store. yHHBEPCHTET m. 1. university. Mockobckhh rocy- j^apcTBeHHHH yHHBepcHxeT. Mos- cow State University. yqHXbCH B yHHBepcHxeTe. To study at a university . 2, university. yuHBepcHTeT Kyjib- xypH. A university of culture. yHHHTOHCAlTb, -K), -euib, -lox imp. Koro? qxo? ^.Qu>|p. ynnnxo- H{|HXb, -y, -HDib, -ax to destroy yHHHx6>KHXb BpajKecKyio apMHK). To wipe out the enemy army. yHHHT05KHTb see yHHHTOHCATb ynACTb see HA^ATb ynOTPEBHTb see ynOTPEBJDlTb ynOTPEBJiHiTb, -H), -euib, -lox imp. mo?/ p. ynoxpe|6HXb, -6jii6, -6Hmb, -6hx to use ynoxpeSjiflXb nocjioBHi^bi b penn. To use proverbs when speaking. ynoxpeSjiHXb HOBbie cjiOBa. To use new words. ynPABJlUlTb, -K), -enib, -lox imp. K e M? H e M? 1. to drive. ynpaBjiHXb MamnHofi. To drive a motor-car. 2. to govern. ynpaBjiHxb cxpanoH. To govern a country. ynPAHCHEHHE neut. exercise JlerKoe ynpa^KnenHe. An easy exer- cise. TpyjtHoe ynpamneHHe. A dif- ficult exercise. C^eJiaxb ynpaJKne- HHe. To do an exercise. ynPHMlbia, -an, -oe, -ue, short form ynpHM, -a, -0, -h; adv. ynpH- MO stubborn ynpHMMH qejiOBCK. A stubborn per- son. Oh oHCHb ynpHM. He is very stubborn. >^POB|EHb m , gen. -hh 1. level. ypoBCHb h{h;^kocxh b KOJiSe. The level of the liquid in a flask. 2. fig. standard, level. ypoBenb MKH3HH Hapo^a. The living stan- dard of the people. KyjibxypHHH ypOBeub. The level of culture. yP05KAB[ m. harvest BoraxbiH ypomafi. A rich harvest. Co6paxb ypojKan. To gather in the harvest. yPOK m. 1. lesson. HnxepecHMH ypoK. An interesting lesson. BHXb na ypo- Ke. To be at a lesson. Ono3- ^axb Ha ypoK. To be late for a lesson. ypoK pyccKOro HSHKa. A Russian lesson. 2. lesson, homework. Buymnh ypoK. To learn one's lesson. C^e- jiaxb ypoKH. To do one's home- work. 3. fig. lesson. Ilycxb axo Cy^ex BaM ypoKOM. Let that be a lesson to you. yCflJlHBAlTb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. Hxo?/p. ycHJi|Hxb, -K), -nmb, -hx to strengthen ycHJiHTb 3HCij,HnjiHHy. To strength- en discipline. ycHJiHXb Ha6jiio;;e- HHe. To intensify observation. yCflJIHBAITbCH, Jst & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -excH, -ioxch imp./ p. ycHJilHXbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -hxch, -hxch to in- crease niyM ycHjiHJiCfl. The noise was grow- ing louder. yCflJlHTb see yCflJIHBATb yCflJIHTbCH see yCflJIHBATbCH yCJiOBHE neut. 1. data, condition. IIoHaxb ycjio- BHe sa/ta^H. To understand the data of a problem. 3x0 rjiaBHoe ycJiOBHe ycnexa. This is the chief condition for success. 2. only pi. conditions. npHpo^Hbie ycjTOBHH. Natural surroundings. ycjiOBHH JKH3HH. Living condi- tions. Pa66xaxb b xawejibix yc- JiOBHflX. To work under difficult conditions. Coa^axb HopMajibume ycJiOBHH ji;jiH paSoxu. To provide normal conditions for work. <> B TaKHX (3THX) yCJlOBHflX... Under such (these) conditions. yCJIb'IfflATb see CJlKimATb yen 156 yxo yCHEBAlTb, -K), -ensh, -K)t imp. -|- inf./ p. ycnelTb, -lo, -einb, -K)t usu.-\-p. inf. 1. to have enough time (to do something). Oh ycneji npo^HTaxb KHHry B cpOK. He managed to finish the book in time. Oh ycneji npHHTH K ywHHy. He was in time for supper. 2.: He ycnejin mh Buexaib h3 ropofla, KaK nomeji jio>Kjs,h. Hardly had we left the town when it began raining. 3. only imp.: 3tot CTyaeHT He ycneBaeT no $H3HKe. This stu- dent is backward in physics. yCHETb see yCHEBATb ycnPiX m. success ^o6HTbCfl ycnexa b paSoxe, To achieve success in one's work. CnoK- TaKJib HMCJi 6oJibm6H ycnex. The performance was a great success. JKeJiaio BaM ycnexoBl / wish you success! ycnOKAHBAITb, -H), -emb, -iot imp. KOTO? / p. ycnoKolHTb, -10, -nmb, -HT to calm, to reassure VcnoKOHTb 6ojibH6ro. To reassure the patient. YcnoKOHTb HepBH. To calm one's nerves. ycnOKAHBA|TbCH, -locb, -embCH, -lOTCH imp. /p. ycnoKOlHTbCfl, -locb, -nmbCH, -HTCfl 1. to quieten, to become calm. Pe- 6eH0K ycnoKOHjiCH. The child has quietened. Mope ycnOKOHJiocb. The sea became calm. 2. to soothe, to abate. Bojib ycno- KOHJiacb. The pain has abated. 3. to rest. He ycnoKaiiBaTbca na AOCTHrnyTOM. Not to rest on one's achievements. ycnOKOHTb see ycnOKAHBATb yCnOKOHTbCH see YCnOKAH- BATbCH yCTAlBATb, -10, -emb, -rox imp. + inf. /p. ycTa|Tb, -ny, -nemb, -Hyx to get tired Bqepa h oqenb ycxaJi. / got very tired yesterday. Vcxaxb ox cnopa. To get tired of arguing. Vcxaxb xanneBaxb. To get tired of dancing. yCTAJI|bIfl, -an, -oe, -He; adu. ycxa- Jio tired VcxajiLiH ^eJiOBeK. A tired person. ycxaJiHH BsrJiHfl. A tired look. ycxajioe JiHn6. A haggard face. Oh BMrjiflfleji ycxajio. He looked tired. yCTATb see yCTABAXb yCTH|bIfl, -an, -oe, -ue; adv. ycTHO oral ycxHHH aKaaMCH. An oral examina- tion. ycxHoe aaHBjienne. An oral statement. OxBenaxb ycxHO. To answer orally. yCTPAHBA|Tb, -K), -emb, -lox imp. qxo?/p. ycxpolHXb, -10, -nmb, -ht 1. to arrange. Ycxponxb Konqepx. To arrange a concert. ycxpoHXb Be^ep. To arrange an evening' party. 2. Koro? colloq. to suit. MeHH 6x0 He ycxpaHBaex. That doesn't suit me. yCTPOHTb see yCTPAHBATb yCKl, ^ing. yc used rarely mous- tache (s) Jl|jiHHHLie ycH. A long moustache. HocHXb ycti. To wear a moustache. yXOHyTb see TOHyXb yXPEHHIHfl, -nn, -ee, -ne morning yxpcHHee c6jiHn;e. The morning sun. yxpeHHHH nporyjiKa. A morning stroll. yXPO neut., dat. pi. no yxpaM morn- ing Csemee yxpo. A cool morning. C ca- MOro yxpa. From early in the morn- ing. Hnxaxb KHiiry ao yxpa. To read the book till morning. B 7 Ha- coB yxpa. At 7 o'clock in the morn- ing. yXPOM adv. in the morning BcxaBaxb pano yxpoM. To get up early in the morning. 3aBxpa yx- poM MH Bce pemHM. We'll settle everything tomorrow morning. yXiDr m.r gen. -a iron FopHHHH yxior. A hot iron. Fji^* ^HXb yxioroM. To iron (to press). yxo neut., pi. ymn, ymen ear BojibHHe ymn. Bad ears. <> CKasaTb Ha yxo. To whisper into somebody's ear. He BepHTb CBOHM ymaM. Not to believe one's ears. Ho ymii BJiio5HTbCfl b Koro- JiA6o. To be head over heels in love with somebody. yXOJ^flXb, yxoHty, yxoanrab, yxo- flHX imp./ p. yHXH, VHAJy, ^ -emb, -yx, past ymeji, ymji|a, -6, -h to go away, to leave yxy 157 <1>AK Oh KynHJi KHHry h yraeji h3 Mara- SHHa. He bought the hook and left the shop. Bee ynijiii na 9KCKypcHH). Everybody has gone on an excursion. ^ Oh yraeJi c tojioboh b paSoxy. He is up to his eyes in work. yxy^niAlTb, -lo, -emb, -lOT imp. HTO? / p. yxy^niHTb, yxyAmly, -nmb, -ax to make worse yxy^niHTb CBoe nojiOHCCHHe. To make one's situation worse. yxyAfflAITbCH, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -ctch, -iotch imp./ p. yxyj^m|HTbCfl, 1st & 2nd pers. not used, 3rd pers. -htch, -axca to deteriorate, to become worse IIojioJKeHHe B CTpaee yxyamnjiocb. The situation in the country has deteriorated. SflopoBbe 6oJibH6ro yxyjimHJiocb. The patient's health has become worse. yx^AfflHTb see yxyAmAxb yX^AniHTbCfl see yxyAoiATbCH ynACTBIOBATb, -yio, -yemb, -yioT imp. B H e M? to take part ynaCTBOBaxb b copeBHOBaHHHX. To take part in competitions . yHACTHE neut., no pi. b qeM? participation ripHHjixb yqacxne b KOHn,epxe. To take part in a concert. yHACTHHK m. participant ynACTlOK m., gen. -Ka 1. section. JIbchoh ynacxoK. A sec- tion of a forest. 2. sector. Ba>KHHH ynacxoK pa66- XM. An important sector of work. 3. district. HsSHpaxejibHHH y^a- cxoK. An electoral district. yHEBHHK m. text-book yqeSHHK pyccKoro asuKa. A Rus- sian text-book. yneSHHK aJth xex- HH^ecKHx HHCXHxyxoB. A text-book for technical institutes. yHKBHlbin, -aH, -oe, -ue school, academic yneGHWH rOA A school (academic) year. YqeGnoe nocoSne. An aid to study, a teaching aid. yHEHflK m., gen. -a 1. pupil. yqeHHK cpeAHen raKOJiH. A secondary-school pupil. 2. pupil, disciple. ynemiK snaMe- HHxoro npo|)eccopa. The famous professor's pupil. yHEH|bItt, -an, -oe, -He 1. scientific, academic. YHCHaH cxeneHb. An academic degree. 2. used as n. scientist. HsBecxHbiH y^eHHH. A well-known scientist. ynflTEJIIb m., pi. -n teacher y^Hxejib (|)H3HKH. A physics teach- er. Pa66xaxb yqnxejieM b mKOJie, To work as a schoolmaster. Cxaxb y^HxejieM. To become a teacher. ynflTb, yqy, yHHmb, y^ax imp. 1. p. Bbiyq|HXb, -y, -nmb, -ax h x o? to learn. YqHXb ypoK. To learn one's lesson. Bwy^nxb cxhxoxbo- penne. To learn a poem. 2. p. HayHHXb, Hayqy, Haynnmb, Haynax ^ e m y? &-}-inf.^ to teach. yHHXb nnxaxb h nncaxb. To teach to read and to write. y^nxb pyccKOMy asHKy. To teach Russian. ynflTbCH, yqycb, ynnmbCH, yqaxcH imp. H e M y? & -f- inf./p. nayqiixb- CH, Hayqycb, Hay^HiiibCH, nayHaxca 1. to learn, to study. Yraxb- Cfl njiasaxb. To learn to swim. ynnxbCH pyccKOMy asLiKy. To study Russian. 2. no p. to study. Moh 6pax y^Hxca B yHHBepcHxexe. My brother studies at the university. <^ BeK HCHBH — BBK yqHCfa (prov- erb). Ci. Live and learn. yiDTHIblH, -aa, -oe, -bie; adv. yiox- HO cosy, comfortable yioxaaa KOMHaxa. A cosy room. Sjiecb OMeub yioxno. It is very com- fortable here. OABPHKA /. factory TeKCXHJibHaa (J)a6pHKa. A textile factory. PaSoxaxb aa ^aSpane. To work at a factory. OAKT m. fact ^eHCXBHxejibBbiH (|)aKX. A real fact. OaKXbi roBopax o xom, axo oh 6iiia npaB. The facts show that he was right. OAKyjIbTET m. faculty, department cDhjioc6(|)CKHH ^anyabxex. The phi- losophy department, yqaxbca aa XHMHaecKOM (|)aKyabxexe. To study at the chemistry department. Ilocxy- AM 158 XAP HHTb Ha $H3HqeCKHH ^aKyJILT^T. To enter the physics department. OAMflJIHH /. (sur)name cDaMHJiHH cxyj^eHxa. The student's name. KaK Baiua 4>aMHJiHH? What's your name? Moh $aMHJiHH HfiaHOB. My name is Icanov. OEBPAJI|b m., gen. -a February B (JeBpaJie ^acio 6i>iBaioT Mexejin. In February there are often snow- storms. SaBxpa nrixoe (^esipaJiH. To- morrow is the fifth of February. Oh yeawaex BOCbMoro (|)eBpaJiH. He leaves on the eighth of February. onry^PA /. 1. figure. CxpoHHan (^nrypa. A slender form. Y ne'e xoponian (|)Hrypa. She has a good figure. 2. figure. FeoMexpHHecKan (fnrypa. A geometrical figure. OflSHKA /. physics EpoGjiGMH $i]3HKH. The problems of physics. 3aHHMaxtca 4>h3hkoh. To study physics. JIckuhh no (|)h- BHKe. Lectures on physics. fljiepHaa (|)H3HKa. Nuclear physics. KecxBeHHbiH $HJibM. A feature film. OJIAP m. flag Focy/^apcxBeHHHH $Jiar, The nation- al flag. OJIOT m. fleet BoeHHO-MopcKOii (|)Jiox. The navy. ToproBHH $Jiox. The merchant ma- rine. BoBAyniHbiH $jiox. The air fleet. OOHTAH m. 1. fountain. Ha njion^aAH 6uji (|)oh- xaH. There was a fountain in the square. 2. gusher. He^xHHOH ^OHxaH. An oil-gusher. oOpma /. 1. shape. Cxoji KpyrjroH (|)6pMH. A round table. npe^Mex HMeex (|)6pMy uiapa. The object has the shape of a ball. 2. form. CoaepwaHHe n $6pMa. The content and the form. 3. uniform. BocHHan $opMa. Mili- tary uniform. <> BbiTb B 4>6pMe. To be in good form. EbiTb He b ^^^pMe. Not to be in good form. OOPTOHIKA /., gen. pi. -eu fortochka (a small hinged window pane used for ventilation) OxKptixb ^opxoqKy. To open the fortochka. Cnaxb npn oxKpbixoH $6ptt)HKe. To sleep with the for- tochka open. OOTOAnnAPAT m. camera CHHMaxb ^oxoannapaxoM. To pho- tograph. OOTOrPAcDflPlOBATb, -yio, -yemb, -yiox imp. k o r 6? h x o? / p. c$o- xorpa$Hp|OBaxb, -yio, -yemb, -yioT to photograph (Doxorpa^npoBaxb peSeHKa. To pho- tograph a child. OPOHT m., pl.^ -LI front Haxh Ha ^poHX. To go to the front. CpajKaxbCH Ha (|)p6Hxe. To be fight- ing at the front. OP5^KTbI otzZt/ pi. fruit CBmne ^pyKXbi. Fresh fruit. Uo- Kynaxb $pyKXH b MarasHHe. To buy fruit at a shop. OYTBOJI m. football Hrpaxb B (|)yx66ji. To play football. CopeBHOBauHH no $yx66jiy. Foot- ball competitions. X, X XAJIAT m. overalls FaSoHHH xajiax. Overalls. KynaJib- HLiH xaJiax. A bath-robe. J^OM&ni- HHH xajiax. A dressing-gown. XAPAKTEP m. 1. character. CHJibHWH xapaKxep. A strong character. TBepflWH xa- paKxep. A strong character. Bo- jieB6H xapaKxep. A strong-willed XBA 159 XOJl person. HepxH xapaKxepa. Traits of character. 2. nature. XapaKxep mgcthocth. The nature of the country. XBAJIfiTb, xBajiK), xBaJiHinb, XBajiHx imp. Koro? hto? 3a hto?/ p. noxBajiHTb, noxBajiio, noxBa- jiHmb, noxBajiHT to praise XBajiHTb yqeHHKa sa xopomnH ot- Bex. To praise a pupil for his good answer. XBaJiiixb hobmh cxanoK. To praise a new machine-tool. XBATAiTb^, -K), -enib, -lox imp. ko- to? Hxo?//>. cxBaxHXb, cxBany, cxBaxnmb, cxBaxHx to seize Oh cxBaxHJi mchh 3a pyny. He seized my hand. XBATAlTb^, -ex, past -jio impers., imp. I p. XBaxHXL, XBaxHx, past XBaxHJio to have enough Mm xBaxHX BpeMenn cj;ejiaxb ypoKU. They'll have enough time to do their lessons. EMy ne XBaxaex BpeMenu xopomo yqnxb ypoKH. He has no time to learn his lessons well. <> 3Toro emie hg XBaxaJio! As if we didn't have enough trouble with- out that! XBATflTb see XBATATb^ XBOCT m., gen. -a tail XHMflHECKIHH, -an, -oe, -ne 1. chemical. XnMHqecKHH aJieMenx. A chemical element. 2. chemistry, chemical. XfiMH^e- CKHH ^aKyjibxex. The chemistry department. XnMitqecKaH JiaSo- paxopHH. A chemical laboratory. XflMHH /. chemistry HeopraHuqecKaa xhmhh. Inorganic chemistry. OpramiqecKafl xhmhh. Organic chemistry. Hsyiiaxb xhmhk). To study chemistry. XflTPlbin, -aH, -oe, -He 1. cunning, crafty. XnxpbiH nejio- BeK. A cunning person. XHxpLie rjia3a. Crafty eyes. Xnxpan yjibiSKa. A cunning smile. 2. fig. tricky. XiixpHH Bonpoc. A tricky question. XJIEB m. 1. no pi. bread. BejiMii xJie6. White bread. ^epHHH XJie6. Brown bread. CBeJKHH xJie6. Fresh bread. MarKHH xjieG. Soft bread. HepcxBHH xjie6. Stale bread. 2. pi. xjieSbi, gen. pi. xJie6oB loaf. KpyrJiHH xjie6. A round loaf. 3. pi. xJie6a, gen. pi. xjieSoB corn. ySopKa xJie66B. The corn har- vest. XJIOniOK m., gen. -Ka cotton XOJl,flTb, xojKy, xo^Hmb, xoji^fiT imp. (cf. CX0AHTb2) 1. to walk. On AOJiro xo^hji no KOMuaxe. He walked about the room for a long time. 2. to go. ^exH xdjiiiT B mKOJiy. Children go to school. Ohh Macxo xoztHX B rocxH. They often go visiting. Ka}Kji;yio cy656xy cxy- ^enxLi xojifiT na Benepa. Every Saturday the students go to eve- ning-parties. 3. to wear. Oh Bcerji;a xo/^hx b nep- HOM KOcxiOMe. He always wears a black suit. <> Xo^HTb neiiiKOM. To go on foot. X03I1HH m., pi. xoBflGBa, xosaeB 1. host. Xo3flHH flOMa. The master of the house. Xobhhh npurJiacHJi rocxen k cxoJiy. The host asked the guests to take their places at table. 2. owner, master. XoaanH yca^b- 6li, $a6pHKH. The owner of an estate, factory. \\ fig. Xo3HHH CBoero BpeMeuH. The master of one's time. Xo3hhh cboch cy;i,b- 6li. The master of one's own destiny. X03HHCTB0 neut. 1. no pi. economy. CouHaJiHCXH^ec- Koe xo3flHCXBO. Socialist econo- my. Hap6;i;Hoe xoshhcxbo. Na- tional economy. CeJibCKoe X03flH- CXBO. Agriculture. 2. farm. KojineKXHBHoe xobhh- CXBO. A collective farm. Uepej^o- Boe X03fjHCXB0. A progressive farm. OxcxaJioe xoshhcxbo. A backward farm. XOJIOAflJIbHHK m. refrigerator JI^OCTdiRh MaCJIO H3 XOJIOAHJIbHHKa! Get the butter out of the refrigera- tor/ XOJIOJi;Hlblfl. -an, -oe, -He, short form xojiOAen, xojioahsI, x6jioah|o, -Bi; adv. xoJioAHO 1. cold. XoJiOAHHH Bexep. A cold wind. XoJio/iHHH ^an. Cold tea. 2. fig. cold. XojioAHHH oxBex. A XOP 160 UBE cold answer. XoJionHLie OTHOrae- HHH. Cold relations. Xojioahlih BsrJiHA- A cold look. Oh OTBe- THJi x6jio;tHO. He answered coldly. \predic. impers. Ha yjiHU,e 6hjio xoJioflHO. It was cold outside. •0- IIOJIHTHKa XOJIOAHOH BOHHU. Cold war policy. XOPOIIIIHfl, -an, -ee, -ne, short form xopoui, -a, -6, -h; adv. xopomo; comp. jiyHme (q. v.) good XopomaH noro^a. Fine weather. Xo- poiuee HacTpoeHHG. A good mood. XopouiHH roJTOc. A good voice. Xopo- lUHH OTBGT. A good auswer. Xopomo HrpaTL B maxMaxH. To play chess well. 3to ohghl xopomo. It is very good.\predic. impers. Xopomo 6uno 3a ropoflOMl It was good in the country! Xopomo 6ti noexaxb 3a ropofl! It would be good to go to the country! <> Bcero xoporaero! All the best! XOTETb, xoMy, xoqemb, xonex, xothm, XOTHTG, xoTHT imp. ^ B T 6? or-\- inf./p. 3axoTeTb, 3axoqy, 3ax6- Hcmb, saxoHGT, saxoTiiM, aaxoTHxe, aaxoxHx to want Oh xoxeji bhagxl gg. He wanted to see her. PgGgbok xotgji KOfl(|)GX. The child wanted some sweets. H xony, Hxoobi xbi npnmGji cevojjjaa. BGHGpoM. / want you to come to- night. XOTETbCH impers. xo^Gxcfl imp. KOMy? Horo? or -f ^^/- //>• saxoxGXbCH, 3ax6qGxcfl to want Mhg xohgxch noiixH b xcaxp. / want to go to the theatre. Mhg xohgxch nnxb. / am. thirsty. Euf xoxGJiocb CKOpGG noHXH K HGH. He wanted to go to her as soon as possible. XOTH (XOTb) conj. though IlyXGraGCXBGHHHKH flBHHyJIHCb B nyxb, xoxH 6mjio xgmho. The trav- ellers started on their journey though it was dark. XPABP|WBf, -an, -og, -wg; adv. xpa6- po bravG XpafipbiH coJinax. A brave soldier. XpaSpbiH nocxynoK. A brave ac- tion. XpaSpo cpajKaxbCH. To fight bravely. XPAH|flTb, -10, -Hfflb, -Hx imp. hxo? 1. to keep. XpaHHXb Macjio b xoJiOflHJiLHHKe. To keep butter in a refrigerator. 2. to kGGp. XpaHHXb nncbMa flpy- ra. To keep one's friend's let- ters. XpaHHXb B naMflXH 66pa3 MaxGpn. To keep the image of one's mother in one's memory. XyaOHCECTBEHHIblfl, -an. -og, -ue artistic XyAOHtGCXBGHHOG npOH3BGAGHHG. A work of art. XyflOHtGcxBGHHaH jih- xGpaxypa. Fiction. Xy;^6>KGCXBGH- HMH $HJibM. A feature film. <^ XyAOHcecTBCHHafl caMonenTejib- HOCTb. Amateur theatricals. XYAOHCHHK m. 1. artist, painter. TajiaHXjiHBbiH xyflOJKHHK. A gifted artist. 2. mastGF. XyAOHtHHK cjiona. A fnaster of elocution. XyjXlOU, -aH, -06, -HG thin XyAOH pgSghok. a thin child. X^5KE comp. of adj. nJioxoH & adv. njioxo 1. worsG, not so good. IIoroAa CGroAHH xywG, qGM BHGpa. To- day the weather is not so good as it was yesterday. 2. worsG. Oh qyBcxBycx CG6fl xy- 5KG, tiGM BHGpa. He feels worse than he did yesterday. I|AP|b m., gen. -A 1. tsar. PyccKHH i;apb. Tlie Rus- sian Tsar. 2. king. I^apb sBGpcH. The king of animals. Hapb nxHi5. The king of birds. <0> Hpii qape Topoxe. In olden times. Be3 i^apa e rojioee. None too clever. I^BElCTft, -xy, -xeuib, -xyx, past nBeji, nBGJi|a, -6, -H imp to blossom I^BGxex CHpGHb. The lilacs are in blossom. BHmHH ijBexex. The cherry- trees are in blossom. I^BET m., pl.-& colour KaKoro nBexa Bamc naJibxo? What colour is your coat? ITajibxo ceporo itBGxa. A grey coat. IlJiaxbH npKHX nBGxoB. Gay- coloured dresses. I^BETII|Ofl, -an, -6e, -hg colourGd I4BGXHMe KapaHAaran. Coloured UBE 161 HAfl pencils. I^BexHOH $H''iI'M. A colour film. <0> I^BeTHwe MexaJiaw. Non-ferrous metals. I^BET|OK m.y gen. -Ka; pi. i;BeTM, itBexoB flower ^yuiHCTtie i^BexLi. Sweet-smelling flowers. BHpamHBaxb u,bctli. To grow flowers. Ona npnuiJia c ubct- KOM B BOJiocax. She came with a flower in her hair. I^EJIHHA /. virgin soil IIoAHHMaTB i;ejiHHy. To plough virgin lands. OcBaHBaiL i],ejiHHy. To bring virgin lands under the plough. I^EJI|OBATL, -yio, -yeiub, -yrox imp. Koro? ^T0?//7. noqejiloBaxB, -yio, -yemfc, -yiox to kiss l^ejiOBaxb peSeHKa. To kiss a child. non;ejiOBaxB MaxB. To kiss the moth- er. U,EJIlOBATbCH, -yrocB, -yeiuBCH, -yioxcfl imp. c k e M?/p. noinejilo- BaxBCfl, -yiocB, -yeniBCH, -yiorcH to kiss one another KpenKO noi;ejiOBaxBCfl c ^pyroM. To kiss one's friend affectionately. I^l^JIIWfl, -an, -oe, -tie, short form i;en, ^eJIa, EteJi|o, -u 1. unbroken. CxaKan ynaJi, ho oc- xaJiCH ii;eJiBiM. The glass fell, but it did not break. 2. only complete form whole. Oh EBinnji uiejiBiH KyBniHH BOj\bi. He drank the whole jug of water. <0> I^eji II HeepeAHM. Safe and sound. ^EJlb /. 1. target. CxpejiHXB b i^cjib. To shoot at a target. 2. objective. IIocxaBHXB ce6e n;ejiBio. To set oneself as an objective. J^ocxHHB CBOGH neJiH. To achieve one's objective. ^oShxbch hcjih. To succeed in one's aim. LJejiB WH3HH. One's object in life. <> C uejibio, B i^ejiflx.,. With the object of... I^EHA /., ace. ri;eHy; pi. u,eHU 1. price. BucoKaH D;eHa. A high price. HiisKHG n;eHBi. Low prices. IJ[eHa KOCxioMa. The price of a suit. noBMinaxB nieHBi na npOAyKXBi. To raise prices of food-stuffs. CHHH^axB i;eHBi Ha 11—4002 o;i;e>Kfly. To cut the prices of clothes. noBMuieHHe ii,eH na 10% (npoi;eHxoB). A 10 per cent price rise. CnHmeHHe i;eH na 20% (^po^eHXOB). A 20 per cent price cut. 2. fig. value. <> JIio56ii u,eH6M. At any price. I^EHTP m. 1. centre. I^enxp ropo^a. The centre of the city (town). B D;eHxpe ropoAa. In the centre of the town. 2. centre. PaHOHHBin i^enxp. The centre of a region. npoMBimjieH- HBie ueHxpM cxpauBi. The in- dustrial centres of the country. L(eHxp HayKH. A scientific centre. <0> I^enxp TawecTii, The centre of gravity. Il.EHTPAJIbHlI>lfl[, -an, -oe, -Bie cen- tral L(eHxpaJiBHBiH xejierpa(|). The cen- tral telegraph office. I^eHxpaJiBHMO rasexu. Central newspapers. I][eHX- paJiBHLie yjiHU.Bi. Central streets. I^EIIb /., prepos. o nenn & na uenH 1. chain. Co6aKa na ncum. The dog is on a chain. 2. fig. chain. LJenn rop. Chains of mountains. I^EPKOBb /., gen. i;epKBH; pi. nepK- BH, itepKBen, uepKBaM, etc. church CxapHHHaH i;epKOBB. An old church. I^EX m., prepos. b n;exy & o (b) nexe; pi. n.exa (work)shop Ha^aJiBHHK uexa. A shop foreman. Pa66xaxB b n;exy (n.exe). To work at a shop. I^HPK m. circus EoHxii B unpK. To go to the cir- cus. B uHpKe Shjio MHoro napofly. There were many people at the cir- cus. IJ,0a)PA /. figure Pe6eH0K yqujiCH nncaxB nn^pM. The child was learning to write fig- H, 1 ^lAfl m. 1. tea. rpysHHCKHH qafi. Georgian tea. riHXb Han. To drink tea. HaniKa Han. A cup of tea. Kp^n- KHH qan. Strong tea. TKaj^Knii Han. Weak tea. MAft 162 MEP 2. tea. BeceAOBaxL 3a «iaeM. To talk over tea. <> npiujiacHTb iia laiDKy «ian. To ask to tea. HAflHHK m. teapot; teakettle HAC m., gen. naca & »iaca (with car- dinal num.), prepos. o ^lace, b »iace & B... Macy; pi. -w hour KoTopuii qac? What time is it? B Mac jiufi. At one o'clock in the afternoon. B iieTBepxoM nacy. Be- tween 3 and 4 o'clock. Hepea ABa Haca. In two hours. Ono3ji,aTb Ha ^ac. To be an hour late. Tpn ^aca iipojiexejiH HeaaMexHO. Three hours flew by without anyone noticing it. <> HacM niiK. The rush hours. B A66pbiH «iae! Good luck! HACTHlblK, -an, -oe, -ue 1. particular. MacxHtiii cjiyqafl. A particular case. HacxiiuH bo- npoc. A particular question. 2. private. HacxuaH coGcxBeuHOcxb. Private property. 4ACT0 adv., comp. ^ame (q.v.) often Hacxo Bcxpe^axb ^icjioBeKa. To meet a person often. Macxo xofliixb b xeaxp. To go to the theatre often. Hacxo Gojiexb. To be often ill. HACT|b /., gen. pi. -efi 1. part. Hacxb MauiiinH. A part of a machine. BoJibinaH nacxb AOMa 6unai aannxa cxojiOBoii. Most of the house was occupied by a dining-hall. Hacxb Jno^eH ynijia c coBpanHH. Some people left the meeting. 2. part. HepBafl ^lacxb poMana. The first part of the novel. 3. part. MacxH CBexa. Parts of the world. MACtl pi., no sing, timepiece Pyniiue Hacti. A wrist watch. Gxeii- Hbie Macbi. A wall clock. Macw ciie- luaxiia 5 MHnyx. The clock is 5 min- utes fast. Hacbi oxcxaiox ua 3 mh- uyxw. The clock is 3 minutes slow. Hacbi HAYT xopomo. The clock keeps good time. Hacbi ocxaiiOBHJiHCb. The clock has stopped. Hacbi cxohx. The clock doesn't go. HAUIIKA /., gen. pi. -ck cup ^aHHaH qaiHKa. A teacup. Ko^efi- uaH HamKa. A coffee cup. Bwuhtb nauiKy ^aio. To drink a cup of tea. HAIU,E comp. of adv. qacTO oftener PaHbuie xbi xoAHJi ko mhc qame. You used to come and see me oftener. fl name xeSji xowy b khho. / go to the cinema oftener than you do. ^lEfl, HbH, »ibe, ^bH pron. whose Heu bTO cjiOBapb? Whose dictionary is it? Hbn &X0 xexpa^B? Whose copy-book is this? Hbe bro nepo? Whose pen is this? HbH ^xo KHMra? Whose books are these? HEfl-TO, HbH-xo, »ibe-xo, qbii-xo pron. somebody's fl no omiiGKC b3Hji neii-xo nopx- (|)ejib. / took somebody's brief-case by mistake. MEJIOBEK m., pi. jiioah, JHOacm, jiio- AHM, jnoAbMii, o jiioAflx man, person CboGoahum iiejiOBeK. A free person. XopjimHH ^lejiOBeK. A good person. llac Gbijio HHXb iiejiOBCK. There were five of us. O Mojiojs,6ime:iOBeK. A young man. MEJI0BE4ECK|Hfl, -an, -oe, -ne 1. human. HejiOBenecKoe 66mecxBO. Human society. 2. humane, kind. HejiOBeqecKoe oxHomeHne. Humane attitude. MEJIOBEHECTBO neut. mankind MEM conj. than Bpax cxapmc, "icm cecxpa. The brother is older than the sister. On npnmeji nosAuee, »ieM B^epa. He came later than yesterday. <> MeM paHbme, tgm jiymne. The earlier, the better. HEMOj[^AH m. suit-case, trunk MEMIIHOH m. champion MeMnnon no maxMaxaM. A chess champion. MeMnnoH no njiaBannio. A swimming champion. MEPE3 prep. + ace. 1. across. ITepeiixH qepe3 njiouiaAfc. To cross a square, riepenjiijxb Mepea peny. To swim across a river. 2. over. Epbirnyxb qepea aaSop. To jump over a fence. 3. through. Bjieaxb ^lepea okho. To climb through the window. Haxh qepea Jiec. To go through the wood. 4. in. Oini Bepnyjmcb qepea MecHi;. They returned a month later. Mepea xpii aha oh yexaji. He left in three days. MEP 163 HTO 5. every other.... ripHHHMaTB lie- KapcTBO qepea qac. To take med- icine every other hour. Xoamtl Kyaa-jiHSo Hepe3 aghb. To go somewhere every other day. HEPHflJIA pi., no sing, ink HepHtie HepHHJia. Black ink. IlHcaTij HepHHjiaMH. To write in ink. qfiPHlBIfl, -an, -oe, -ue black ^epHBie BOJiocM. Black hair. <0> HepHbiM xjie5. Brown bread. Hepnafl HKpa. Black caviare. Hep- Hwii K64>e. Black coffee. 4EPT m., pi. ijepxH, qepxeH devil OIIocjiaTb K qepxy. To send to hell. HepT B03bMH! The deuce take it! HepT c hhm! Let him go to hell! HEPTA /. 1. line. npoBecTii nepTy. To draw a line. 2. boundary. Hepxa ropoAa. The city (town) boundary. 3. trait, ^epibi xapaKxepa. Traits of character. <> Hepxbi JiHU,a. Features. HECTHlblH, -an, -oe, -ue, short form ^lecxeH, necxHa, ^lecxHlo, -li; adv. HecxHO honest HecxHfciH HeJiOBeK. An honest per- son. HecxHLie rjiaaa. Honest eyes. nocxynnxb ^lecxHO. To act hon- estly. <> J^aTb HecTHoe cjiobo. To give one's word of honour. HETBEPO num. four MexBepo flpyaen. Four friends. II x GbiJio MexBepo. There were four of them. METBEPT|b /., gen. pi. -en 1. quarter. MexBepxb H6jiOKa. A quarter of an apple. 2. quarter. ^exBepxb naca. A quar- ter of an hour. Bea ^exBepxH nflXb. It is a quarter to five. Ceii^ac nexBepxb mecxoro. It is a quarter past five. HHHflTb, HHHio, imHHUib, HHHHx imp. 4X0? I p. noqHHHxb, oomhhk), no- iiHHHuib, noTOHHx to mend XIoHHHHXb nacw. To mend a watch. ^Inmrxb nocKit. To mend socks. HHCJIO neut., pi. qiicjia, qiiceji, hhc- jiaM, etc. 1 number. I^eJioe hhcjio. A whole number. Bojibmoe qncJio jno^eH. A large number of people. Bbixb 11* B qncjie apyaen. To be among one's friends. 2. date. KaKoe cero^HH qncjio? What is the date today? B nepBWx qncJiax Mapxa. Early in March. <> B TOM »iiicjie... Including... Hfl|CTHTb, -my, -cxnmb, -cxhx imp. H T 0? II e M? 1. p. noHH|cxHxb, -my, -cxHmb, -CXHX to clean. Hhcxhxb syGbi mexKoii. To clean one's teeth with a toothbrush. ^iicxHXb 6o- XHHKH. To clean one's boots. 2. p. OHH|cxHXb, -n];y, -cxnmb, -cxhx to peel. HncxHXb KapxomKy. To peel potatoes. OnHCXHXb aneJib- CHH^ To peel an orange. HHCT|bIH, -an, -oe, -He, short form HHcx, HHCxa, 4Hcx|o, -m; adv. qiicxo; comp. mime 1. clean. ^hicxaH BO^a. Clean wa- ter. Hncxbie pyKH. Clean hands. Hncxan py5amKa. A clean shirt. 2. pure. Hiicxoe sojioxo. Pure gold. Mncxan mepcxb. Pure wool. 3. fig. clear. HncxaH coBecxb. Clear conscience. FoBopiixb na »ihcxom pyccKOM H3HKe. To speak good Russian. Gji,eJiaxb noAsipOK ox uiicxoro cepAU;a. To give a pre- sent without any ulterior motives. HHTAjTb, -K), -emb, -lox iinp. q x o?/ p. npoHHxa|xb, -K), -emb, -lox 1. to read, ^nxaxb rasexy. To read a newspaper. Hnxaxb HymKHHa. To read Pushkin. Hnxaxb BCJiyx. To read aloud. Hnxaxb npo ce- 6h. To read to oneself. 2. to deliver. Hnxaxb JieKi^Hio. To deliver a lecture. HJIEH m. member ^Ijien ccMbii. A member of the fa- tuity. Hjien napxHH. A member of a party, ^jichm npaBiixeJibcxBa. Members of the government. HTEHHE fieut. 1. reading. Knura ajih hxcuhh. A reader, a reading book. 2. reading. ^OMamnee Hxenne. Home-reading. HTO^ [mxo] pron., gen. qero [hhboI, dat. ^CMy, ace. qxo, instr. ^om, prepos. o »]eM what Mxo ACJiaxb? What is to be done? Mxo OH CKasaJi? What did he say? 0 'leM OH AyMaex? What is he HTO 164 UIAP thinking about? H CKaaaJi, mo jiytAaJi. I said what I thought. <> Hto ^o 3a Bemb? What sort of thing is that? HTO^ [uiTo] conj. that fl AyMajia, *iTO 3X0 HHiepecHO. / thought it would be interesting. HTOBW [uiToeti] conj. 1. in order (to) or rendered by the inf. Ht66u xopomo SHaxb HawK, HaAO MHoro saHHMaTtcfl. To know a language well one must study a lot. Oh BCxaJi oieHL pa- HO, ht66h He OHosAaxb. He got up very early in order not to be late. 2. that. Bee jiioah na seMJie xoxht, m66u He 6wjio bohhw. All the people in the world wish that there should be no war. BaM npo- CHJiH nepeAaxb, qx66M bu npn- mjiH saBxpa. They asked me to tell you to come tomorrow. HTO-HHBS^^B [mxo-] pron., gen. ne- r6-HH6yAb [qHBO-] , dat.neMy-HJi6yji,h, ace. HXo-HH6yflb, instr. iieM-HHSyAt, prepos. 0 qeM-HH6yAi> something PaccKajKH MHe HT6-iiu6y}ib. Tell me something. HTO-TO [fflxo-] pron., gen. qoro-xo [qHBO-], dat. qeMy-xo, ace. hx6-xo, instr. qeM-xo, prepos. o qcM-xo something Hx6-xo ynaJio b coceAHea KOMHaxe. Something fell in the adjoining room. HS^BCTBO [qycxBa] neut. feeling HcHbixaxb rjiySoKoe qyBcxBO pa- flOcxH. To feel great joy. HyBCXBo coJiHAapHOCXH. A feeling of solidar- ity. -H^BCTBIOBATb [qycxBasaxb], -yio, -yemb, -yiox imp. q x o?/p. noqVBCx- BlOBaxb, -yio, -yemb, -yiox to feel HyBCXBOBaxb 6ojib. To feel a pain. rioqyBcxBOBaxb rojiOA- To feel hungry. HyscxBOBaxb rJiyGoKoe yBawcHHe. To have profound re- spect. <> KaK Bbi ceSfl qyacTsyeTe? How do you feel? R qyBCTByio ce6^ njioxo (xopomo). / feel bad (all HyAfiCHlMH, -an, -oe, -ue, short form qyAeccH, qyaecHla, -o, -m; adv. qyA^CHO wonderful ^yAecHan AenymKa. A wonderful girl. MyAeceaH norOAa. Wonderful weather, fl qyAecHO ce6H qyBcxByio. / feel fine. Hym\OVl, -an, -6e, -ne 1. somebody else's. Hymoik nopx- ^Jib. Somebody else's brief-case. 2. strange. Hymoii qeJiOB^K. A strange man. 3. foreign. ^yjKafl seMJiH. A for- eign land. MYJIOK m., gen. qyjiKa; pi. qyjiKH, qyjioK, qyjiKaM, etc. stocking HpocxLie qyjiKH. Ordinary stock- ings. niepcxflHbie qyjiKH. Woollen stockings. KanponoBbie qyjiKH. Kap- ron stockings. HyXb adv. nearly, scarcely Oh qyxb He onosAaJi na noesA. He wasMiearly late for his train. Oh roBopHJi qyxb cibimno. He spoke scarcely audibly. ^YTh'HSTb adv. nearly, a little bit fl qyxb-qyxb ne ynaJi. / nearly fell. ToBopii qyxb-qyxb rpoMqe. Speak a little louder. m, m IIIAr m., gen. mara & mara (with cardinal num.); pi. marn 1. step. ninpoKHH mar. A long step. 2. fig. step. 3x0 hobmh mar bhc- peA- This is a new step forward. <> Ham AOM HaxoAHTCH b AByx marax ot ocTaeoBKH TpaMsan. Our house is a few steps away from a tram stop. Ha Ka» CHrtexb Ha raee y poJ^HTeJIeH. To be on one's parents' hands. niHPOKIHfl, -aa, -oe, -ne, short form mnpoK, -a, -6, -h; adv. mnpoKo; comp. ffliipe 1. broad, wide. IIlHpoKaH pcKa. A wide river. ElnpoKHH none. A broad belt. H xo^y, hx66li i66Ka 6HJia mnpe. / want the skirt wider. 12—4002 2. fig. ninpoKHe bosmojkhocxh. Great possibilities. DlHpoKaH na- xypa. A generous person. 3. only short form too wide. IlJiaxbe MHe mnpoKO b noHce. The dress is too large in the waist for me. niHTb, mb|io, -emb, -lox, imper. men imp. Hxo? KOMy? HeMy? / p. cmnxb, cofflb|i6, -emb, -lox to sew, to make niHXb njiaxbe j^jia Aonepii. To make a dress for one's daughter. Cranxb KOCXIOM b axeJibe. To have a costume made at a dressmaker's. inKAO m., prepos. b mKa(|)y & o mKa(|)e; pi. mKa^ti Khhjkhhh mKa$. A bookcase. Khh- ra cxoHX b mna^y na noJiKe. The book is on a shelf in the bookcase. IlJiaxHHOH raKa$. A wardrobe. He- cropaeMBiii mKa(|). A safe. mKOJIA /. 1. school. yqnxbCH b mKOJie. To go to school. Hocxynnxb b mKO- Jiy. To enter school. OKonqiixb mKOJiy. To finish school. 2. fig. school. Oh npomeji xopo- myio mKOJiy jkhbhh. Life has been a good school to him. <> Ha^iajibHaa raKOJia. A primary school. CpeflHHH raKOJia. A sec- ondary school. Bbicman mKojia. A higher school. MysbiKa.ibHafl mKojia. A musical school. IIIko- Jia-HHTepnaT. A boarding-school. mJIIInA /. hat BeceHHHfl mJiana. A spring hat. niJiana c mnpoKHMH nojiaMH. A wide-brimmed hat. inOCCE neut., indecl. highway Exaxb no mnpoKOMy mocce. To drive along a wide highway. Bji;0Jib mocce pacxyx nepeBba. There are trees on both sides of the highway inOOfiP m. chauffeur, driver Dlo^ep xaKCH. A taxi-driver. milHOH m. spy mxyKA /. piece, thing 10 mxyK nannpoc. 10 cigarettes. fflYM m. 1. noise, sound. Mh ycnHmajm CHJibHHH rayM. We heard a loud noise. UlyM AOat^a. The sound of rain. 2. fig. row. IIOAHFixb myM BOKpyr uiyM 166 3J1E co6uTHH. To raise a hue and cry over an event. myiMETb, -MJiK), -MHmb, -MAT imp. to make a noise Mope rayMHT. The sea is noisy. J\eTU myMHT. The children are mak- ing a noise. inyXfiTb, my^y, myTHinb, myxHT imp. /p. norayTHTb, nomy^y, no- myTHmb, norayxHT l/to joke. fflyxHTb c flpysbHMH. To joke with one's friends. 2. Hafl KeM? to joke. IQyTHTb Hafl pacceflHHHM TOBapHmeM. To joke at an absent-minded friend. III^TIKA /., gen. pi. -ok joke OcxpoyMHan myxKa. A witty joke. 3Jiafl myxKa. A malicious joke. -«0» GKasaTb b myxKy. To say (some- thing) in jest. n^, m mE^PIBIfl, -aa, -oe, -He 1. generous. IHe;tpHH xosahh. A generous host. I^e;^poe ceipjme. A generous heart. 2. fig. lavish, rich, meapan npn- p6fl;a. Lavish nature. JH^ejiipuu ypojKan. A rich harvest. mEKA /., ace. n;eKy; pi. h^Skh, ntCK, meKaM, etc. cheek m£T|KA /., gen. pi. -ok brush 3y6Hafl n;exKa. A toothbrush. IHex- Ka fl;jifl o^ejKAM. Clothes-brush. Ca- nownan niexKa. A shoe-brush. Hric- XHXb mexKOH xy(|)JiH. To clean one's shoes with a brush. 3, a 3K3AMEH m. examination TpyflHHH aKsaMen. A difficult examination. JTerKHH aKsaMen. An easy examination. FocyflapcxBeHnHH SKSaMeH. A State examination. CflaBaxb (cAaxb) aKsaMCH. To take (pass) an examination. HpOBajiHTb- CH Ha 3K3aMeHe. To fail in an examination. 3KOH0MHKA /. no pi. economics SKOHOMHKa CeJIbCKOrO XOSHHCXSa. The economics of agriculture. 3KOH0MHH /. no pi. 1. economy. Bkohomhh aneprHH. The economy of energy. Co6jik)- flaxb 3KOh6mhk). To observe econ- omy. 2. economy. IIojiHXHHecKafl 3koh6- MHH. Political economy. 3KPAH m. screen 3KpaH xejieBHSopa. The screen of a T.V. set. 3KpaH b KHHoaaJie. The screen in a cinema. niHpoKHH aK- paH. A wide screen Ha aKpanax KHHOxeaxpoB fleMOHCxpHpyexcfl h6- BHH $HJibM. A new film is on at the cinemas. 3KCKyPCHH /. excursion BaropoflHaH aKCKypcHH. An outing to the country. 3KCKypcHH b My- aen. An excursion to a museum. Exaxb na SKCKypcHio. To go on an excursion. 3KCKyPCOB(3;^ m. excursion guide 3KCnEJ]iflUiHH /. expedition HaynuaH aKcncAHUHH. A scientific expedition. dKcnejuaixiifi na CeBep- HHH n6jiH)C. An expedition to the North Pole. y^acxBOBaxb b aKcne- flHUHH. To take part in an expedi- tion. 3KCnJiyATflP|0BATb, -yK), -yemb, -yiox Koro? imp. 1. to exploit. 3KcnjiyaxHpoBaxb paSoHHX. To exploit workers. 2. to make full use of. 3Kcnjiya- XHpoBaxb xexHHKy. To make full use of technique. 3JIEKTPflqECKlHfl, -an, -oe, -Me electric(al) 3JieKxpHHecKHH xoK. Electric cur- rent. 3JieKxpHqecKHH CBex. Electric light. 3jieKxpHHecKaH jiaMooHKa. An electric bulb. SJiCKxpiiqecKHH yxior. An electric iron. SjieKxpH- necKHH HaHHHK. An electric teaket- tle. 3JIEKTP0CTAHI^HH /. electric pow- er station Kpynnan aJieKxpocxannHH. A large electric power station. Ilycxiixb h6- ByK) aJieKxpocxanuHK). To put a new electric power station into oper- ation. SjieKxpocxanuHH aaex tok. The electric power station is now giving power. 3JIEMF.HT m. 1. element. IlepiiOflHqecKaH CHCxe- Ma aJieMCHTOB. The periodic sys- tem of elements. SHE 167 5IBJI 2. element. B cxaxBe ecxi. sjieMen- TU KpHTHKH. There are elements of criticism in the article. 3. element. IIporpeccHBHtie ajie- MCHTH 66n;eCTBa. The progres- sive elements of society. 3HEPrfi[HHILlfl [3H9-], -an, -oe, -He energetic SneprHHHHH qeJiOBeK. An energetic person. 3HeprHHHue abhjkchhh. Energetic movements. SHeprn^HaH nox6;^Ka. A wilful gait. 3HEPrHH [9H3-] /. 1. energy. BneprHH bo ah. The energy of water. 2. energy. Pa66TaTL c Gojibmon aHeprnen. To work with great energy. 3TA;K m., gen. -a floor, storey H{HTb Ha nepBOM axame. To live on the ground floor. ExopOH sxaHi. The first floor. JIJOM b 7 axaJKCH. A sev- en-storeyed house. 9T0 see STOT 5 TOT, 3Ta, 3T0, axH pron. 1. this. 9tot flOM. This house. 3to okho. This window. 3tot y^e- HHK HacTO onaBAHBaex. This pu- pil is often late. 2. that. B axoT js,enh mh bcc co- Spa jihcb y Hero. On that day we all gathered at his place. 3. 3T0 neut. it; this, these; that, those. 3xo cxoji. This is a table. 3x0 cxyjibfl. These are chairs. 3x0 Snjia OHa. That was she. 3x0 6hjio ^aBHO. That was a long time ago. Kxo §xo? — 3x0 MOH 6pax. "Who is that?" "It's my brother." Hxo §xo xaKoe? " What's that?" 3xo yneSHHK? — Hex, 3xo cjioBapB. "Is it a text-book?" "No, it is a dictionary." ^^6 ^xo 3a HeJiOBeK? What sort of person is he? Hxo ^xo 3a Benut? What sort of thing is that? Men ^xo CXOJI? — 3x0 CXOJI HBanoBa. "Whose desk is it?" "It's Iva- nov's desk." Kxo xaM? — 3xo h. "Who is there?" "It's me." H), H) H)B|KA /., gen. pi. -ok skirt OHa 6HJia B mnpoKOH K)6Ke. She wore a wide skirt. 12* lOr m., no pi. 1. south. Oh nomeji npHMO na lor. He went straight south. 2. south. Ox^Hxaxb na lore. To have one's holidays in the south. EoexaxB na lor. To go to the south. iDHCHjBIfl, -an, -oe, -ne south(ern) IOjkhhh Bexep. A southern wind. KDjkhhh hojiioc. The South Pole. K)MOP m., no pi. humour Hmcxb HyBcxBO lOMopa. To have a sense of humour. FaccKasHBaxt c lOMopOM. To tell with humour. lOHOCTB /., no pi. youth CnacxjiiiBaH lOHOcxb. Happy youth. B lOHOcxH OH MCHxaJi cxaxb apxHc- XOM. In his youth he dreamt of becoming an actor. K)HOIII|A m., gen. pi. -en a youth CMeJiHH lOHOma. A brave youth. KpacHBHH lOHoma. A handsome youth. I0H|LIQ, -an, -oe, -ne young lOHHe ro^H OH npoBCJi b Hxajinn. He spent his youth in Italy. KDnaa AesymKa. A young girl. fl, a H pron., gen., ace. Mena, dat., prepos. MHe, instr. mhoh I Mena ne 6hjio aoms Bnepa Beqe- poM. / was not at home last night. Kxo 3X0? — 3x0 a. "Who is it?" "It's me." fl H^y b xeaxp; xh hoh- ^emb BMecxe co mhoh? I'm going to the theatre; will you go with me? Mae CKynno. / am bored. Mne xojiOAHO. / am cold. Th BCxpexHfflb Mena? Will you meet me? IIpHXOAH KO MHe ceroAHfll Come to see me today! HBJI0K|0 neut., pi. hSjioket, aSJiOK apple BojibfflOH ypojKaH hSjiok. a rich harvest of apples. HBKlThCR see HBJlHTbCH HBJIEHHE neut. phenomenon iIBJlH|TBCH, -locb, -embca, -loxca imp. I p. HBHXbca, aBJiiocb, aBnmb- ca, aBaxca 1. to come, to turn up. Oh hosaho HBHjica aa JieKunio. He turned up late for the lecture. 51 ro 168 JIIUH 2. only imp. IlyinKHH HBnaexcH BejiHKHM pyccKHM n03T0M. Push- kin is a great Russian poet. HrO^A /. berry Co6npaTb rpH6u h HroAM. To gath- er mushrooms and berries. HrOAU KJiySHHKH. Strawberries. BKycHan ca^OBafl HroAa. A tasty cultivated berry. BapeHLe H3 Atoji,. Jam made from berries. fiJ\FOneut.,pl. HApa, H^ep, H^paM, etc. nucleus flApo aTOMa. The nucleus of the atom. flApo KJiexKH. The nucleus of a cell. H3I»1[K m., gen. -a 1. tongue. noKaaaxb h3mk. To show one's tongue. 2. language. Hayqaxb HuocxpaHHUH H3LIK. To study a foreign lan- guage. BjiaAeXb HeCKOJILKHMH HHOCXpaHHMMH fl3LIKaMH. To know several foreign languages. <> J^epHcaTb H3faJK aa aySawH. To keep a still tongue in one's head. HauTH 66n^HH hsuk c Kew-jiH- 6o. To speak a common language with somebody. HflU[0 neut., pi. HHqa, fli'in; egg KypHHHe HHqa. Hen's eggs. <> Hhujo BCMHTKy. A soft-boiled egg. Ran,6 EKpyxyio. A hard-boiled egg. Hhuo b MeraoqeK. A well- boiled egg. Hiii^a Kypimy He yqax (proverb). Cf. Don't teach *your grandmother to suck eggs. HHBAP|b m., gen. -h January HoHL B HHBape. A night in Janu- ary. IlepBoe HHBapH. The first of January. HPKinfl, -an, -oe, -ne, short form flpoK, HpKa, HpK|o, -h; adv. apKo; comp. Hpqe 1. bright. flpKHH CBex. A bright light. 2. bright. HpKne KpaCKH. Bright colours. 3. fig. striking, brilliant. HpKHH npHMep. A striking example. HpKHH xajianx. A brilliant tal- ent. HCHIblQ, -aH, -08, -He, short form HCCH, HCHa, hch|o, -h; adv. hcho 1. clear, fine. Hcnoe neSo. A clear sj^y. HcHWH jj^BRh. A fine day. 2. fig. lucid. HcHLiH yM. A lucid mind. Hcnaa Mt^c.^b. A clear thought. 3xox Bonpoc Mae Hcen. This question is clear to me. BaM 3X0 HCHO? Is that clear to you? Oh roBopnx 6»ieHb hcho. He speaks very clearly. HmHK m. 1. box. Hh;hk h6jiok. A box of apples. HmHK c KOHcepBaMH. A box of preserves. 2. drawer. flmHK nncbMeHHoro cxojia. A drawer of a desk. 3. box. IloqxoBbiH HmnK. A post- box. SUPPLEMENT THEMATIC GROUPS OF WORDS Names of Nationalities, of People inhabiting Various Countries and Continents, Geographical Names and corresponding Adjectives aBCTpaJiHeij Australian (man), aecTpa- jiHHKa Australian (woman), aBCxpa- jiHHrtH Australians, ABCxpaJiHA Australia; aBCTpaJiHHCKHH Austra- lian aBCxpHen; Austrian (man), aBCTpwHKa Austrian (woman), aBCTpHHiiH Aus- trians, ABCTpna Austria; aBCTpHH- CKHH Austrian asHaT Asian (man), asnaTKa Asian (woman), asnaxLi Asians, Abhh Asia; asHaxcKHH Asian ajiSanei; Albanian (man), aJi6aHKa Al- banian (woman), aJi6ABnu Albanians , Aji6aHHH Albania; aji6aHCKHH Alba- nian aJiWHpert Algerian (man), ajiwHpKa Algerian (woman), aJiH^Hpmj Alge- rians, AjiJKHp Algeria; ajiH^HpCKHH Algerian aMepHKaHen American (man), aMepn- KaHKa American (woman), aMepn- KaHii;ti Americans, AMepHKa Amer- ica; aMepHKancKHH American aHrjiHHaHHH Englishman, aHrJimaHKa Englishwoman, aHrjimane English, AnrjiHH England; aHrJiHHCKHH Eng- lish apa6 Arab (man), CKHH Arab apa6Li Arabs; apa6- apreHTHHen Argentinean (man), apreH- THHKa Argentinean (woman), apree- THHiiLi Argentineans, ApresTHHa Argentine; aprsHTHHCKHH Argentine a^TRHen Afghan (man), a^raHKa Af- ghan (woman), a^raHn;Li Afghans, A^raHHCiaH Afghanistan; a^ran- CKHH Afghan a^pHKaHGD; African (rnan), a$pHKaHKa African (woman), a^pHKaHn;i>i Af- ricans, A(|)pHKa Africa; a(|>pHKaH- CKHH African 6ejibriiert Belgian (man), 6ejisrHHKa Belgian (woman), 6ejiBrHHi];i>i Bel- gians, BeJibrHH Belgium; SejifcriiH- CKHH Belgian Gnp-MaHeu; Burmese (man), 6HpMaHKa Burmese (woman), 6HpMaHii;ti Bur- mese, BitpMa Burma; SHpMancKHH Burm ese 6ojirapHH Bulgarian (man), 6oJirapKa Bulgarian (woman), 5oJirapH Bul- garians, BojirapHH Bulgaria; 6oji- rapcKHH Bulgarian 6oJiHBHeii; Bolivian (man), 6ojTHBiiHKa Bolivian (woman), 6oJiHBHHn;ti Bo- livians, BojiHBHfl Bolivia; 6ojiHBiiH- CKHH Bolivian 6pa3HJien; Brazilian (man), 6pa3HjiLii;Ei Brazilians, BpasHJiHfl Brazil; 6pa- 3HJIBCKHH Brazilian Bajuiiiei^ Welshman, BaJijiHHKa Welsh- woman, BajiJiHHi^H Welsh, Yajitc Wales; BajiJiHHCKHH Welsh Beerp Hungarian (man), BenrepKa Hungarian (woman), BGHrpH Hun- ^ The feminine forms of a number of nouns denoting nationality either do not exist or are not used in the literary language. 170 garians, BenrpHfl Hungary; Benrep- CKHH Hungarian BGHecyajien; Venezuelan (man), Bene- cyaJiKa Venezuelan (woman). Bene- cy3Jn>ii;i>i Venezuelans, BeHecyaJia Venezuela; BCHecyaJibCKHH Venezu- elan BbeTHaMe^ Vietnamese (man), Bbex- HaMKa Vietnamese (woman), blgt- HaMi^w Vietnamese, BtexHaM Viet- nam; BbeTHaMCKHH Vietnamese raneu Ghanean (man), raHKa Ghanean (woman), rani^H Ghaneans, Tana Ghana; rancKHH Ghanean TBaTeManen; Guatemalan (man), rBaxe- MaJibii;w Guatemalans, FBaTeMaJia Guatemala; rBaxeMaJibCKHH Guate- malan rBHHeen; Guinean, rsHHeHiiiLi Guineans, rBHHGH Guinea; rEHHencKHH Guinean repMaHHH Germany; repMancKHH German {see HeMen;) roJiJiaHflei; Dutchman, ronjiaH^Ka Dutchwoman, rojiJiaHj^qbi DutcK ToJiJiaHAHH Holland; rojiJiaHACKHH Dutch rpeK Greek (man), rpeqaHKa Greek (woman), rpeKH Greeks, Fpei^HH Greece; rpe^ecKHH Greek flanaHHH Dane (man), aaxHaHKa Dane (woman), flaxHaHe Danes, J^annH Denmark; ;;axcKHH Danish GBpea Jew, espeHKa Jewess, eBpen Jews; GBpeHCKHH Jewish eBponeen; European (man), eBponennibi Europeans, EBpona Europe; eBpo- neficKHH European erHnxflHHH Egyptian (man), ernnxae- Ka Egyptian (woman), ernnxHHe Egyptians, Eranex Egypt; ernnex- CKHH Egyptian HHflHeix Indian (man), HHAnaHKa In- dian (woman), nH^Hnii;bi Indians, Hhahh India; hhahhckhh Indian HHA0He3He^ Indonesian (man), hh^o- HesHHKa Indonesian (woman), hh- ji;0He3HHi;u Indonesians, Hn^OHesHH Indonesia; HHflOHesHHCKHH Indone- HopaaHen; Jordanian (man), Hopj^aHii,Hi Jordanians, MopJ^aHHH Jordan; HopAancKHH Jordanian HpaKeix Iraqi (man), HpaKiibi Iraqis, IlpaK Iraq; HpaKCKHH Iraq HpaHen; Persian (man), npaHKa Per- sian (woman), HpaHn;bi Persians, UpaH Persia (Iran); npancKHM Persian (Iranian) HpjiaHAei; Irishman, npjidHAKa Irish- woman, HpJIaH;^^w Irish, HpjiaHAHH Ireland, HpjiaH;i;cKHH Irish ncJiaH^eiii Icelander (man) ncjiAHjiKa Icelander (woman), HCJiaH3ii;bi Ice- landers, HcjiaHAHfl Iceland; HCJiaHjt- CKHH Iceland Hcnaneit Spaniard, HcnaHKa Spanish (woman), HcnaHLtM Spanish, Hcna- HHH Spain; HcnancKHH Spanish HxaJibHHeri Italian (man), nxaJibHHKa Italian (woman), HxajibaHn;H Ital- ians, HxaJiHH Italy; HxaJibHHCKHH Italian HeMGHeit Yemeni, HeMeHn;Li Yemeni, HeMGH Yemen; HeMeHCKHH Yemeni KaM6oAMtHen; Cambodian, KaMSo^JKHH- n,u Cambodians, KaM56fl;H«a Cambo- dia; KaM5oA»«HHCKHH Cambodian KanaAen; Canadian (man), KaHa^Ka Ca- nadian (woman), KaH^Aii;bi Cana- dians, KaHa^a Canada; KanaACKHH Canadian KHnpnox Cypriot, KHnpHOXM Cypriots, Knnp Cyprus; KHnpcKHH Cyprian KHxaen; Chinese (man), KHxaaHKa Chi- nese (woman), KHxaHqu Chinese, KnxaH China; KHxancKHH Chinese KOJiyMSnen; Colombian (man), KOJiyM- 6hhi];h Colombians, KojiyMSnH Co- lombia; K0JiyM6HHCKHH Colombian KOHrojieaen; Congolese (man), Konro- Jieaqw Congolese, Konro The Congo; KOHroJieacKHH Congolese KOpeen Korean (man), KopeaHKa Ko- rean (woman), KopeH^H Koreans, Kopea Korea; KOpencKHH Korean KyoHHeq Cuban (man), Ky6HHKa Cu- ban (woman), Ky6HHi|iii Cubans, Ky6a Cuba; Ky6HHCKHH Cuban 171 JiaoTHHHH Laotian (man), JiaoxHHKa Laotian (woman), JiaoxHHe & Jiaoc- n;H Laotians, JIaoc Laos; JiaoxflH- CKHH & jiaoccKHH Laotian JiaTHHoaMepHKanen; Latin American (man), jiaTHHoaMepHKaHKa Latin American (woman), jiaTHHoaMepn- KaHii;H Latin Americans, JlaTHBCKan AMepHKa Latin America; JiaTHHO- aMepHKancKHH Latin American jiHBaHeii Lebanese, jmsaHi^iJ Lebanese, JlHBan The Lebanon; jiHBaecKHH Lebanese jiHBHeix Libian, jihbhhiih Libians, JIh- BHH Libia; jihbhhckhh Libian MaJiaei^ Malayan (man), MaJiaHKa Ma- layan (woman), MaJianiiiH Malayans, MaJiaHH Malaya; MaJiaicKHH Ma- layan MRJiHen; Mali (man), MaJiHHKa Mali (woman), MajiHHii;H Malis, MaJiH Mali; MajiHHCKHH Mali MaJibram Malagasi, MaJibramn Mala- gasi; MajibramcKHH Malagasi MapoKKanen; Moroccan (man), MapOK- KaHKa Moroccan (woman), MapoK- KaniiM Moroccans, MapoKKO Moroc- co; MapoKKancKHH Moroccan MeKCHKanen Mexican (man), mgkch- KaHKa Mexican (woman), mgkch- KaniiH Mexicans, MeKCHKa Mexico; MCKCHKaHCKHH Mexican Monro Ji Mongolian (man), Monro JiKa Mongolian (woman), MonronH Mon- golians, MoHroJiHfl Mongolia; moh- roJibCKHH Mongolian Herp Negro (man), nerpHTHHKa Ne- gro {woman), nerpM Negroes; nerpn- THHCKHH Negro HeMGii German, neMKa German (woman), neMiiH Germans; neMGiIKHH German HenaJiert Nepalese, nenaJibi^H Nepa- lese, HenaJi Nepal; nenaJibCKHH Nepal enrepneii Nigerian, nnrepHnqH Nige- rians, HnrepHH Nigeria; nnrepHH- CKHH Nigerian HOBOsejiaH/jen; New Zealander (man), HOBoaejianziKa New Zealander (wom- an), HOB03ejiaH;5i^iii New Zealand- ers, HoBan Sejian^HH New Zea- land; HOBoaeJiaHACKHH New Zealand HopBGJKei; Norwegian (man), nopBrnna Norwegian (woman), HopBmitH Norwegians, HopBernn Norway; HOpBGHCCKHH Norwegian naKHCTanen; Pakistani, naKHCxaHUiH Pakistanis, IlaKHCxaH Pakistan; naKHCxancKHH Pakistani oanaMitH Panamanians, IlaFaMa Pana- ma; nanaMCKHH Panamanian nepyanen; Peruvian (man), nepyaHKa Peruvian (woman), nepyanrtbi Peru- vians, riepy Peru; nepyancKHH Pe- ruvian noJiaK Pole (man), noJiLKa Pole (wom- an), noJiHKH Poles, EojiBma Po- land; noJiBCKHH Polish nopxyraJien; Portuguese (man), iiopxy- raJiKa Portuguese (woman), nopxy- raJibii;H Portuguese, nopxyraJiHH Portugal; nopxyraJibCKHH Portu- guese pyMHH Rumanian (man), pyMHHKa Rumanian (woman), pyMHHLi Ru- manians, PyMHHHH Rumania; py- MMHCKHH Rumanian pyccKHH Russian (man), pyccKBH Rus- sian {woman), pyccKHe Russians, PoccHH Russia; pyccKHH Russian ceHeraJiei5 Senegalese, ceeeraJibiiBi Se- negalese, CeneraJi Senegal; cene- raJibCKHH Senegalese cep6 Serbian (man), cepSna Serbian (woman), cep6H Serbs, CepSzH Serbia; cep6cKHH Serbian CHpneix Syrian (man), cHpnaKa Syrian (woman), CHpHHn,H Syrians, CnpHH Syria; cnpHHCKHn Syrian cjiOBaK Slovak (man), CJiOBa^Ka Slo- vak (woman), cnoBaKH Slovaks, CjioBaKHH Slovakia; cjiOBai;KHH Slovak coMaJiHGi^ Somali (man), coMaJiHHKa Somali (woman), coMaJiHHiiiH So- malis, GoMaJiH Somaliland; coMa- jiHHCKHH Somali cyAaHGi; Sudanese (man), cy^aHKa Su- danese (woman), cyAanqH Suda- 172 nese, CyABH The Sudan; cy;^aHCKHM Sudanese TaHJiaH;;ei; Thai, TaHJiaHAUH Thais, TaHJIaH;^ Thailand; TaHJidn/tCKHii Thai Torojieaeq Togolese, lorojieartH Togo- lese, Toro Togo; ToroJieacKHH To- golese TyHHcei; Tunisian (man), xyHHCKa Tu- nisian (woman), TyHHcn;M Tunisi- ans, TyHHC Tunis; xyHHccKHH Tu- nisian TypoK Turk (man), xyp^aHKa Turk (woman), xypKH Turks, TypmiH Turkey; TypertKHH Turkish yKpaHHeu Ukrainian (man)^ yKpaiiH- Ka Ukrainian (woman), yKpaHHii;i>i Ukrainians, VKpaHHa The Ukraine; yKpaHHCKHH Ukrainian ypyrBaei^ Uruguayan (man), ypyrBafi- i^u Uruguayans, YpyrBaH Uruguay; ypyrnaHCKHH Uruguayan yajibcnw Welsh, VajiBc Wales; yajiBc- KHH Welsh ^HJiHnnHHen; Filipino, ^HJiHnnHHrtu Filipinos; (DnJiHnnHHH The Philip- pines $HHH Finn (man), $HHKa Finn (wom- an), $HHHH Finns, (PHHJIflHJtllH Finland; ^JHHCkhh Finnish 4>paHn;y3 Frenchman, ^panniyweHKa Frenchwoman, ^panaysu French, OpaHi^Hfl France; $paHii;y3CKHH French xopsaT Croat (man), xopsaTKa Croat (woman), xopeaTLi Croats, Xopsa- THH Croatia; xopeaTCKHH Croatian peHJiOHert Ceylonese (man), ri;eHJi6HKa Ceylonese (woman), ii;eHJi6HixiJ Ceylo- nese, L[eHJi6H Ceylon; iienjiOHCKHH Ceylonese qex Czech (man), neniKa Czech (wom- an), HexH Czechs; HexHH Czechia; ^eracKHH Czech miJiueij, Chilian (man), qnjiHHKa Chil- ian (woman), qEjiHHi^ti Chilians, Hhjih Chile; ^hjimhckhh Chilian mBGHixapeii Swiss (man), mBeniiSpKa Swiss (woman), mBeHn;api;iJ Swiss; niBeHnapHH Switzerland; mBeHrtap- CKHH Swiss TUBeji, Swede (man), raBeflKB Swede (woman), msejiu Swedes, inBen.HH Sweden; mBeflCKHH Swedish moTJiaH^eii Scotsman, moxJiaHflKa Scotswoman, moxJiaHfln.H Scots, nioxjiaHflHH Scotland; moxjianflCKHH Scotch a^Hon Ethiopian (man), a^nonKa Ethi- opian (woman), afj^uonu Ethiopi- ans, S^HODHH Ethiopia; a^noncKHH Ethiopian lorocjiaBH Yugoslavs, lOrocJiaBHH Yu- goslavia; lorocJiaBCKHH Yugoslav fiuoBeii, Japanese (man), HUOBKa. Japa- nese (woman), fln6Hn,L] Japanese, HnoimH Japan; hdohckhh Japa- nese NUMERALS 1 OAHH, OAHa, oAHo; nepBJbiH, -an, -oe, -we first 2 Asa, flee; BxopIOH, -an, -6e, -we second 3 Tpii; TpexluH, -bn, -be, -bH third 4 qexwpe; qexBepxIwii, -an, -oe, -we fourth 5 nHXb; nflx|wii, -an, -oe, -we fifth 6 mecTb; mecxlou, -an, -oe, -we sixth 7 ceMb; ceffbMjoH, -an, -oe, -we sev- enth 8 BOceMb; BocbM|6u, -an, -oe, -we eighth 9 AeBHXb; AeBflx|wii. -an, -oe, -we ninth 10 necflXb; AecflTlwii, -an, -oe, -we tenth 11 oAHHHaAi;aTb; o^iiHHaAuaxIwJf, -an, -oe, -we eleventh 12 ABenamaTb; ffBenaAi^axIwu, -an, -oe, -we twelfth 13 xpiiHaAi;aTb; TpnHaAaax|wu, -a a, -oe, -we thirteenth 14 qexbipHajwaTb; qexwpHaAuax|wu, -afl, -oe, -we fourteenth 15 nflXH^Ai^axb; nHTHaAuaT|wu, -an, -oe, -we fifteenth 16 mecxHajwaxb; niecxHaAuax|wii, -an, -oe, -we sixteenth 17 ceMHaAqaxb; ceMHafluax|wM, -aa, -oe, -we seventeenth 173 18 BOceMHaAuaTb; BOceMHaAi^aT|ijii, -an, -oe, -we eighteenth 19 fleBflTHawaxb; j^eBHTuajmaiTlhiu , -an, -oe, -we nineteenth 20 flBawaxb; ABa;maT|wH, -an, -oe, -we twentieth 21 ABa^aaTb oahh; ABa^i^aTb nep- b|wh, -an, -oe, -we twenty-first 30 TpHAuaTb; TpemaT|wH, -aa, -oe, -we thirtieth 40 copoK; copoKOBJOH, -an, -oe, -we fortieth 50 HHTbAecHT; nflTHAec«T|wH, -a a, -oe, -we fiftieth 60 mecTbAecHx; mecTHffecaTlwfi, -aa, -oe, -we sixtieth 70 ceMbflecax; ceMHffecHTJwfi , -aa, -oe, -we seventieth 80 BoceMbflecax; BOCbMHAecaTlwfi, -aa, -oe, -we eightieth 90 AeBaaocTo; fleBaHOCTlwii, -aa, -oe, -we ninetieth 100 cTo; coTlbiH, -aa, -oe, -we one hundredth 101 CTO OAHH, CTO o^aa, cto o^ho; CTO nepBlwii, -aa, -oe, -we one hundred and first 110 CTO AecaTb; cto AecaTlwa, -aa, -oe, -we one hundred and tenth 200 flaecTH; «Byxc6T|wH, -aa, -oe, -we two hundredth 300 TpHCTa; TpexcoTlwa, -aa, -oe, -we three hundredth 400 qeTwpecTa; qeTwpexcoTlwH, -a a, -oe, -we four hundredth 500 naTbcoT; naTHc6T|WM, -aa, -oe, -we five hundredth 600 raecTbcoT; raecTncoTlwa, -aa, -oe, -we six hundredth 700 ceMbcoT; ccmhcotIwh, -aa, -oe, -we seven hundredth 800 BoceMbcoT; BocbMHCOTlwii , -aa, -oe, -we ei^ht hundredth 900 fleBaTbcoT; flesaTHCOTlwii, -aa, -oe, -we nine hundredth 1000 Twcaqa; TwcaqHlwil, -aa, -oe, -we thousandth 1961 Tbicaqa ^eaaTbcoT raecTb^ecaT oahh; Tbicana aeaaTbcoT raecTb- flecaT nepalwH, -aa, -oe, -we one thousand nine hundred and sixty- first lOOOO aecaTb Twcaq; flecaTHTwcaq- H|biH, -aa, -oe, -we ten thousandth 1000000 mhjijihoh; mhjijihohhIwh, -aa, -oe, -we millionth 1000000000 Maanaap^; MHJijraapA- h|wh, -aa, -oe, -we milliardth DAYS OF THE WEEK, MONTHS, SEASONS, TIME-UNITS Days of the Week noHeAejibHHK m. Monday BTopHBK m. Tuesday cpe^a /., pi. cpeAH Wednesday qcTBepr m., gen. nexBepra Thursday naTHHi^a /. Friday cy666Ta /. Saturday BOCKpeccHbe neut. Sunday Months aHBapb m., gen. HEBapa January (j[)eBpajib m., gen. (|)eBpajiH February MapT m. March anpejib m. April Mail m. May uiOHb m. June iiiojib m. July aarycT m. August ceHTa5pb m., gen. ceHTflSpa Septem- ber oKTaSpb m., gen. OKTaSpn October Hoa6pb m., gen. HoaSpfl November AeKa6pb m., gen. ;^eKa6pH December Seasons Bocaa /. spring jiCTO neut. summer ocenb /. autumn 3HMa /. winter Time-Units ceKyH^a /. second MHHyTH /. minute qac m., pi. ^acw, Ha cob hour rofl m., prepos. b ro^y & o r6ji,e; gen. pi. Jiex year BCK m., pi. BeKa century COLOURS 5eji|wH, -aa, -oe, -we white rojiySloii, -aa, -oe, -we light-blue »;ejiT|bm, -aa, -oe, -we yellow 3eJieH|biH, -aa, -oe, -we green KpacHJWH, -aa, -oe, -we red KopH*iHeB|wii, -aa, -oe, -we brown .ihji6b|wh, -aa, -oe, -we lilac opaHHkhb|wh, -aa, -oe, -we untruthful .ierK0Mi6cJieHH|biu, -aa, -oe, -we light-headed jieHUB|wu, -aa, -oe, -we lazy jiobkIhh, -aa, -oe, -ae adroit jiio6onwTH|wu, -aa, -oe, -we curious jiH)5o3HaTejibH|biH, -aa, -oe, -we in- quisitive MyApluU) -aa, -oe, -we wise Mya«ecTBeHHlbiii, -aa, -oe, -we coura- geous HacTOuqHBlwM, -aa, -oe, -we persis- tent He»(H|wu, -aa, -oe, -we gentle nepBHlwu, -aa, -oe, -we nervous ocTopoHCHlwH, -aa, -oe, -we careful ocxpoyMHlwif, -aa, -oe, -we witty npaBAHB|biM, -aa, -oe, -we truthful po5K|nH, -aa, -oe, -ae timid pacceaHHlwif, -aa, -oe, -we absent- minded caMOJiio6HB|wu. -aa, -oe, -we touchy caMoyBepeHH|wii, -aa, -oe, -we self- opinionated cepbe3H|wii, -aa, -oe, -we serious cKpoMHiwH, -aa, -oe, -we modest CMeji|wa, -aa, -oe, -we courageous cnoKOHH|WH, -aa, -oe, -we quiet, calm cnoc66HlwH, -aa, -oe, -we capable cnpaBeAJiHBlwif, -aa, -oe, -we just cTapaTejibH|wH, -an, -oe, -we assid- uous CTpaHH|wH, -aa, -oe, -we strange, queer CTp6r|HH, -aa, -oe, -ae exacting, strict cypoBlwa, -a a, -oe, -we severe TajiaHTjiHB|wH, -aa, -oe, -we talented 175 TpycJiHB|MH, -aa, -oe, -we cowardly yMHJbiH, -afl, -oe, -we clever ynpflMlwii, -aa, -oe, -we stubborn xHTplwH, -aa, -oe, -we sly, cunning xpa6p|wH, -aa, -oe, -we brave qecTH|wH, -aa, -oe, -we honest n^e^plwii, -aa, -oe, -we generous 3HeprHqH|wii, -aa, -oe, -we energetic THE FAMILY poAHTejin pL, gen. poanxejieH parents oxen; m., gen. OTii;a father AiaTb /., gen., dat., prepos. Maxepn, instr. Maxepbio; pi. Maxepn, Maxe- pen, MaxepaM, etc. mother CWH m., pi. CHHOBbfl, CHHOBeH SOU J^oqfa /., gen., dat., prepos. flonepn, instr. j^OHeptio; pi. j^onepn, jj^o^e- peH, AonepflM, floqepLMH daughter 6paT m., pi. 6paxi.a, Spaxbee brother cecxpa /., pi. cecxpH, cecxep, ce- cxpaM, etc. sister poacTBeHHHKH pi. relatives AeAymKa m., gen. pi. j^efl;ynieK grand- father 6a6yinKa /., gen. pi. 6a6ymeK grand- mother BHyK m. grandson BHyqKa /., gen. pi. BHyqeK grand- daughter AH^a m. uncle Texa /. aunt njieMaHHHK m. nephew njieMaHHHu;a /. niece j^Boiopo^HWH 6paT m. cousin ;^Boi6poAHaa cecTpa /. cousin CLOTHES, FOOTWEAR, LINEN najibTo neut., indecl. overcoat iny6a /. fur coat njiam m., gen. njian^a raincoat KocTioM m. suit, costume 6pi6Kn no sing, trousers Tpycw no sing, shorts HHAHcaK m., gen. nH^JKaKa jacket, coat p^amKa /., gen. pi. pySameK shirt rajicTyK m. tie CBHTep m. sweater, pull-over AHceMnep m. jumper nn»caMa /. pyjamas xajiax m. dressing-gown, housecoat HOCKH pi., sing. HOCOK m., gen. nocKa socks mjiana /. hat manKa /., gen. pi. manoK cap map4) rn. scarf nepqaxKH pi., gen. nepnaxOK; sing. nepnaxKa /. gloves njiaxfae neut. dress loGKa /., gen. pi. k)6ok skirt 6jiy3Ka /., gen. pi. 6Jiy30K blouse K64)xa /. jacket »KaKex m. jacket qyjiKH pi., gen. HyjioK; sing. qyjioK m., gen. qyjiKa stockings 6oxHHKn pi., gen. 6oxhhok; sing. 60- XHHOK m., gen. ooxHHKa boots xy^jiH pi., gen. pi. ly^eJih', sing. xy(|)jifl /. shoes rajioran pi., sing, rajioraa /. galoshes 66xw pi. overshoes 6ocoH6»CKn pi., gen. OoconoJKeK; sing. 6ocoH6>KKa /. sandals xano«!KH pi., gen. xano^eK; sing, xa- no^Ka /. slippers canoru pi., gen. cauor; sing, cauor m., gen. canora riding boots, high- boots BaJieHKH pi., gen. BaJienoK; sing. Ba- jiBHOK m., gen. BaJieHKa felt boots BopoxHHK m., gen. BopoxHHKa collar pyKaB m., gen. pynaBa, pi. pyKasa sleeve noac m., pi. noaca belt KapMaH m. pocket nyroBHE^a /. button maj-poK m., gen. mnypKa lace, shoe- lace npaHCKa /., gen. pi. npaJKen buckle ofleajio neut. blanket, quilt cKaxepxb /., gen. pi. CKaxepxen table- cloth caji(J)exKa /., gen. pi. caji$exoK nap- kin noj^OAeajibHHK m. quilt cover noAymKa /., gen. pi. noAymeK pillow, cushion npocxbma /., pL npocxHHH, npo- cxuHb, npocxHuaM bedsheet H^BOJioqKa /., gen. pi. HaBOJio^eK pillow-case nojioxeaqe neut., gen. pi. noJioxeneq towel njiaxoR m., gen. njiaxKa scarf; hocob6h njiaxoK handkerchief 6ejibe neut., no pi. underwear; linen HHWHee 5eabe underwear 176 ARTICLES OF TOILET MbiJio neut., no pi. soap sy^Hfiifl nacTa /. toothpaste KpeM AJiH 6pHTbH shaving cream aySeoii nopomoK m., gen. nopomKa toothpowder rySeaH noMana lipstick iqeTKa /., gen. pi. mexoK brush; 1. sy^H^fl lueTKa toothbrush, 2. n^eTKa ajih bgjioc (oAeHC^bi, 65yBH) hairbrush (clothes-brush, shoe-brush) paciecKa colloq. /., gen. pi. pac^ecoK comb sepKajio neut., pi. sepKaJia, aepnaji looking-glass 6pHTBa /. razor AyxH no sing., gen. jiyxoB perfume OAeKOJiOH m. eau-de-Cologne nyApa /. powder KpeM m. cream THE HOUSE AND ITS PARTS flOM 771., pi. jiOMB. house sAaene neut. building noMeiueBBe neut. premises dTa»< m., gen. aiaJKa floor, storey noff'beaff m. entrance KBapTHpa /. flat KopHAop m. passage KOMHaTa /. room 3aji m. hall Ka6HHeT m. study KyxHfl /., gen. pi. KyxoHb kitchen cnajibHH /., gen. pi. cnaJien bedroom CTOJioeaH /. dining-room BaHHan /. bathroom GajiKOB m. balcony Kpuma /. roof Tpy6a /., pi. Tpy6H chimney jiB^T m. lift jiecTBBua /. staircase BepBJia no sing, railings jspeph /., gen. pi. aBepen door OKBO neut., pi. OKHa, okoh, OKHaM window noji m., prepos. na nojiy, pi. noJiu floor BOTOJioK m., gen. noTOJiKd ceiling CTBBa /., ace. CTeey, pi. cxenH wall noAOKOBBBK m. window-sill saMOK m., gen. saMKa lock, padlock KJiioq m., gen. KJiio^a key FURNITURE CTOJi m., gen. CTOJia table CTyji m., pi. ciyjibfl chair mKa^) m., prepos. b mKa(|)y & o mKa- $e, pi. mKa(|)u cupboard, wardrobe KBBHCBbifl mKa4> m. bookcase 6y4>eT m. buffet, dresser cepBaBT m. sideboard ABBdB m. divan KpecJio neut., gen. pi. Kpeceji armchair KpoBaTb /. bed TyMGoqKa /., gen. pi. TyM6oHeK bed- side table BemajiKa /., gen. pi. BemaJiOK hanger PLATES, DISHES, ETC. Tape*iK^/., gen. pi. Tape.iOK plate cxaKaH m. glass, tumbler MamKa /., gen. pi. ^jameK cup 6jii6Aii;e neut., gen. pi. 6JlK)^,e^ saucer BBJiKa /., gen. pi. bhjiok fork .lOWKa /., gen. pi. jiojkck spoon Boa« m., gen. noma, knife KacTpiojifl /. sauce-pan cKOBopoAa /., pi. CKOBopoAU frying- pan no^BOC m. tray qaiiBBK m. teapot, teakettle KpyHCKa /., gen. pi. Kpy?KeK mug KyBIDBB m. jug 6aBKa /., gen. pi. 6aH0K jar 6yTbijiKa /., gen. pi. 6yTUJiOK bottle Baaa /. vase rpa(bBB m. carafe 6oKaji m. wine-glass pioMKa /., gen. pi, pioMOK liqueur glass FOOD-STUFFS xjie6 m. bread Macjio neut., no pi.: c.iBBO^Boe M&cno butter, pacTBTSJibBoe mScjio oil HBiio neut., pi. flHua, Ann egg cwp m., pi. CHpH cheese cjiHBKH pi. cream CMeT^aa /., no pi. sour cream TBop6r m., no pi. cottage cheese Ke4)Bp m., no pi. kefir MOJioKo neut., no pi. milk MHCO neut., no pi. meat pwSa /. fish KOBcepBu pi. preserves 177 K0Ji6aca /. sausage rop^HE^a /. mustard nepeu m., gen. nepi;a pepper cojib /., no pi. salt Kpyna /., pi. KpyuH groats caxap m., no pi. sugar KOH(feTa /. sweet neneHbe neiit., no pi. pastry, biscuits BapeHbe neut. jam moKOjiaA rn., no pi. chocolate Meff m., no pi. honey MopoHteHoe neut., gen. MopojKenoro, no pi. ice-cream nnpoHCHoe neut., gen. nnpo^KHoro, pi. nHpojKHHB fancy cake BHHO neut., pi. BHHa wine BO^Ka /. vodka Dishes a)'BaHerpeT m. Russian salad HKpa /., no pi. caviare cejib;5fa /., gen. pi. cejibj^en herring cajiaT m. salad b) SyjibOH m. broth cyn m., pi. cynbi soup miH pi., no sing, n^en, maM, ni;aMn, (o) ntax cabbage soup 6opa^ m., gen. 6opina borsch (beetroot soup) paccojibHHK m. soup with pickled cucumbers, capers, etc. Jianma /., no pi. noodle soup c) 6H4)raTeKc m. beefsteak ryjiHra m. goulash KOTJiexa /. rissole, cutlet poMmTeKc.m. rumpsteak neneHKa /., no pi. liver cupHHKH pi. cottage-cheese pan- cakes niHHqeJib m. schnitzel HH^Hnqa [-mn-] /. fried eggs d) MaKapoHbi pi. macaroni Kama /. cereal pudding pnc m., no pi. rice e) KaKao neut. indecl. cocoa K64)e m., indecl. coffee qaii m., no pi. tea KOMnoT m. stewed fruit KHcejib m., gen. KHcejia thin (fruit) jelly Fruit, Berries, Vegetables aGpHKoc m. apricot ananac m. pineapple aneJibCHH m. orange 5aHaH m. banana rpyma /. pear jiHMOH m. lemon MaH^apHH m. tangerine nepcHK m. peach h6jioko neut., pi. hSjiokh, gen. a6jiOK apple BHHorpan ^' grapes MopKOBb /., no pi. carrots orypeu; m., gen. oryprta cucumber noMHAop m. tomato BHmHH /., gen. pi. EHmen cherry KJiySHHKa /., no pi. strawberries cjiHBa /. plum qeperanfl /., gen. pi. qepemeu sweet cherry ap6y3 m. water-melon AbiHH /. melon repox m., no pi. peas KanycTa /., no pi. cabbage KapTO^JCJib m., no pi. potatoes jiyK m., no pi. onion(s) CBeKJia /., no pi. beetroot pe^HC m., no pi. radishes peAHCKa /., colloq. radishes (j)ac6jib /., no pi. French beans PLANTS Trees 6epe3a /. birch Ay6 m., pi. Ay6M, -6b oak e.ib /. fir-tree HBa /. willow Kejq) m. cedar KJieH m. maple ocHHa /. aspen najibMa /. palm cocHa /., pi. cocuH, cocen pine-tree Flowers acTpa /. aster BacHJieK m., gen. BacHJibKa corn- flower JiaHj^um m. lily-of-the-valley MaK m. poppy HesaGyAKa /., gen. pi. ueaaSyAOK forget-me-not <|)najiKa /., gen. pi. ^naJiOK violet poMamKa /., gen. pi. poMamcK daisy poaa /. rose 178 Cereals KyKypyaa /., no pi. maize OBec m., gen. OBca oats nmeHHqa /., no pi. wheat po>Kb /., gen. pjKH, no pi. rye pHC m., no pi. rice ANIMALS AND BIRDS Wild Animals BOJiK m., gen. pi. bojikob wolf ea« m., gen. ema hedgehog sajui m., gen. 3aH^a hare KpoKOAHJi m. crocodile jieB m., gen. jibsa lion jinca /., pi. jmcH fox MeABe^b m. bear o6e3bflHa /. monkey, ape CJiOH m., gen. cjiona elephant THrp m. tiger qepenaxa /. tortoise Domestic Animals BepGjiiOA ni. camel BOJi m., gen. BOJia ox Koaa /., pi. Koati goat KopoBa /. cow KomKa /., gen. pi. KomeK cat Jioma^b /., gen. pi. Jioma^eH horse OBqa /., pL OBnH, ouen sheep oceji m., gen. ocjia donkey co6aRa /. dog CBHHbfl /., pi. CBHHbH, CBHHeH pig Bopo6eH m., gen Bopona /. crow Birds Bopo6bH sparrow rojiySb m., gen. pi. roJiyGen pigeon, dove rycb m., gen. pi. rycei goose BHAioK m., gen. HHfliOKa turkey K^pni^a /., pi. KypH hen jieoeAb m., gen. pi. jie6efleH swan opeji m., gen. opjia eagle nonyran m. parrot naBJiHH m. pea-cock cTpayc m. ostrich yxKa /., gen. pi. yxoK duck CHEMICAL ELEMENTS aaoT m. nitrogen ajiiOMHHHH m. aluminium 6poM m. bromine BOAopoA m. hydrogen rejiHH m. helium HceJieso neut. iron SOJIOTO neut. gold HOff m. iodine Kajinii m. potassium cepa /. sulphur cepe6p6 neut. silver CTponqHH m. strontium CBHHeu, m., gen. CBHHua lead KHCJiopoA m. oxygen MBflb /. copper HaTpnii m. sodium HHKejib m. nickel ojiOBO neut. tin paAHH m. radium pryrb /. mercury yrjiepoff m. carbon ypan m. uranium 4>6c4»op m. phosphorus xjiop m. chlorine Printed in the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics ® \^ \ PLEASE DO NOT REMOVE CARDS OR SLIPS FROM THIS POCKET UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO LIBRARY Anpilogova, B. G. Essential Russian-English dictionary LIBRARV 0' B